• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.273-281
• /
• 2007

Zinc compounds have been used in various fields - cosmetics, medicine, and dentistry -because of its effective functions to human tissues or organs. Especially, it is well known that zinc has many biologic effects in oral cavity. Zinc ion can affect various oral microorganisms, resulting in reduction of oral bacteria, dental plaque, and dental caries. Also, zinc ion has an ability to reduce amounts of oral anaerobic bacteria and oral VSC and can reduce oral malodor. The author summarized the characteristics and toxicity of zinc, several forms of zinc compounds applied in human tissues, and reviewed biologic effects of Zinc in oral cavity (anti-bacterial effects, anti-plaque effects, anti-caries effects, and anti-VSC effects of zinc). Because of many advantages of zinc in oral cavity, it can be concluded that application of zinc compound to various oral diseases will be extended and activated, and promising.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.647-651
• /
• 2007

It has been well established that S. mutans is the major etiological agent in dental caries, one of the most common oral diseases worldwide. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of Saururus chinensis (S. chinensis) ethanol extracts on the growth, acid production, biofilm formation, adhesion, and insoluble glucan synthesis of S. mutans. The ethanol extracts of S. chinensis showed concentration dependent inhibitory activity against the growth and acid production of S. mutans, and produced significant inhibition at the concentration of 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg/ml compared to the control group. The extracts markedly inhibited S. mutans adherence to HA treated with saliva, and cell adherence was repressed by more than 80% at the concentration of 0.05 mg/ml and complete inhibition was observed at the concentration of 0.4 mg/ml. On the activity of glucosyltransferase which synthesizes water insoluble glucan form sucrose, ethanol extract of S. chinensis showed more than 10% inhibition over the concentration of 0.025 mg/ml. The synthesis of insoluble glucan was decreased in the presence of 0.025 ${\sim}$ 0.4 mg/ml of the ethanol extract of S. chinensis. Our research strongly suggested S. chinensis was a promising natural product for the prevention of dental caries.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• v.53 no.2
• /
• pp.137-144
• /
• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the anatomic circle around the impacted lower third molar to show, document, and correlate essential findings that should be included in the routine radiographic assessment protocol as clinically meaningful factors in overall case evaluation and treatment planning. Materials and Methods: Cone-beam computed tomographic images of impacted lower third molars were selected according to specific inclusion criteria. Impacted teeth were classified according to their position before assessment. The adjacent second molars were assessed for distal caries, distal bone loss, and root resorption. The fourth finding was the presence of a retromolar canal distal to the impaction. Communication with the dentist responsible for each case was done to determine whether these findings were detected or undetected by them before communication. Results: Statistically significant correlations were found between impaction position, distal bone loss, and detected distal caries associated with the adjacent second molar. The greatest percentage of undetected findings was found in the evaluation of distal bone status, followed by missed detection of the retromolar canal. Conclusion: The radiographic assessment protocol for impacted third molars should consider a step-by-step evaluation for second molars, and clinicians should be aware of the high prevalence of second molar affection in horizontal and mesioangular impactions. They also should search for the retromolar canal due to its associated clinical considerations.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.1215-1223
• /
• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between dietary calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) intake with DMFT (Decayed Missing Filled Teeth) among Korean schoolchildren. Methods: Data of 1,529 schoolchildren were derived from the Sixth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which was conducted from 2013 to 2015. Sociodemographic, oral health behavior, and dietary factors were collected as independent variables. The DMFT was used as a dependent variable. The chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the correlation between dental caries and the other variables. Results: Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that DMFT was correlated with sex, age, and daily P intake. Conclusions: Adequate intake of phosphorus may have a positive effect in preventing dental caries in schoolchildren. Therefore education on increasing phosphorus intake, including raised awareness through provision of dietary guidelines, will be needed.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.67 no.12
• /
• pp.1678-1684
• /
• 2018

Dental caries is one of the most popular oral disease. The aim of automatic dental cavity detection system is helping dentist to make accurate diagnosis. It is very important to separate cavity from the teeth in the detection system. In this paper, We compared two active contour algorithms, Snake and DRLSE(Distance Regularized Level Set Evolution). To improve performance, image is selected ROI(region of interest), then applied bilateral filter, Canny edge. In order to evaluate the algorithms, we applied to 7 tooth phantoms from incisor to molar. Each teeth contains two cavities of different shape. As a result, Snake is faster than DRLSE, but Snake has limitation to compute topology of objects. DRLSE is slower but those of performance is better.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.133-140
• /
• 1996

Saliva have many important functions in the maintenance of oral health. Saliva contains protective components, antibacterial enzymes, and other rubricating glycoprotein elements. When the salivary flow decreases of the salivary composition changes, a normally healthy mouth can become susceptible to caries, periodontal disease, and mucositis, and other diseases. Salivary peroxidase system acts as an antimicrobial factor in the oral cavity, having a role in the prevention of dental plaque accumulation, dental caries and gingivitis. Recently, this enzyme system has been introduced by many researchers in the form of toothpaste, mouthwash or moisturizing gel for use in patients with various disease states . The author prescribed the peroxidase system containing gel (Oralbalance) to the 18 Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) patients for 1 week and investigated the changes of the subjective symptoms, $HOSCN/OSCN^-$ levels of unstimulated whole saliva, and the salivary flow rates. The obtained results were as follows : 1. The patients reported decrease in all symptoms of BMS after the use of peroxidase system containing gel, particulary, a significantly higher decreases of dry mouth and burning symptoms. 2. Decreased $HOSCN/OSCN^-$ levels of unstimulated whole saliva were detected in the patients with BMS after the use of perosidase system containing gel for 1 week. 3. There was no difference between the flow rates of unstimulated whole saliva before and after uses of peroxidase system containing gel for 1 week.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.33 no.8
• /
• pp.688-692
• /
• 2000

Descending Necrotizing Mediastinitis(DNM) is a complication of oropharyngeal infections that can spread to the mediastinum. It is difficult to diagnose early because clinical and radiologic findings appear in the late stage of the infection. late diagnosis is the principal reason for the high mortality in DNM. An 18-year-old female admitted with Ludwig's angina from dental caries. Despite of combined antibiotics, dental extraction and drainge of submental abscess, infection spread to the cervical area. Chest computed tomogram revealed extension of the abscess to the pretracheal and periaortic space and development of bilateral pleural empyema. We performed bilateral cervical mediastinotomy and thoracotomy for drainage and debridement. Tracheostomy to secure the airway and postoperative pleural irrigation were performed. Postoperative course was uneventful and patient was discharged on the 40th postoperative day. It is important to perform chest CT scanning for early diagnosis of DNM when oropharyngeal infection spreads to the cervical area. Improved survival of patients with DNM implies early and radical surgical drainage and debridement via a cervical mediastinomy and thoracotomy.

• Proceedings of the KACD Conference
• /
• 2007.05a
• /
• pp.293-293
• /
• 2007

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.189-194
• /
• 2015

Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is one of the most important bacteria in the formation of dental plaque and dental caries. S. mutans adheres to an acquired pellicle formed on the tooth surface, and aggregates with many oral bacteria, and initiates plaque formation by synthesizing glucan from sucrose, which is catalyzed by glucosyltransferases. S. mutans metabolizes the dietary sugar to the organic acids. The organic acids demineralize tooth surface and result in dental caries. Galla Chinensis have been traditionally used for stopping bleeding of gingiva, removing edema and halitosis, drainage, fixing the teeth and as an antiphlogistic agent. In previous reports, antibacterial effects of Galla Chinensis have been investigated whereas anti-cariogenic effects is still not examined enough. Therefore we tested effects of ethanol extracts of Galla Chinensis on the cariogenic properties such as the growth, acid production, adhesion, and insoluble glucan synthesis of S. mutans. In the result, ethanol extracts of Galla Chinensis showed the inhibition of S. mutans growth and organic acids production over 0.031 mg/ml concentrations. The adhesion of S. mutans to Saliva-coated Hydroxyapatite beads S-HAs has decreased with the increase of concentration of ethanol extracts of Galla Chinensis. And it seems to have adhesion inhibitory effect in concentration of over 0.25 mg/ml. It gives us the result that Galla Chinensis have anti-caries effects. But ethanol extract of Galla Chinensis didn't have inhibitory effect on insoluble glucan synthesis. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of the ethanol extract of Galla Chinensis showed strong phenolic compounds, medium steroids & terpenoids and glycosides, and weak organic acids and peptides. These results suggest that the ethanol extracts of Galla Chinensis may have anti-cariogenic properties, which may be able to be related with strong phenolic compounds.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.166-170
• /
• 2001

Rubinstein-Tabyi syndrome(RTS) is a congenital multisystem dysmorphic syndrome with many non-specific features, making diagnosis occasionally difficult. The major features of this syndrome include mental retardation, characteristic facial appearance, short stature, microcephaly, and broad thumbs and halluces. This syndrome was first described by Rubinstein and Tabyi in 1963, and many studies have been continued about this syndrome, but specific pathogenesis of the Rubinstein-Tabyi syndrome phenotype is still not clear. High arched palate, micrognathia and multiple caries etc have been reported in Rubinstein-Tabyi syndrome. In this report, a 6-year and 5-month-old boy visited at our department due to multiple dental caries, who showed broad thumbs, mental and physical development retardation, and characteristic facial appearance including both ptosis and ear deformity. This patient was diagnosed as a Rubinstein-Tabyi syndrome, and treated the multiple dental caries under general anesthesia. This study was aimed to observe the relationship between medical and dental characteristics.