• 생명과학회지
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• 제17권3호통권83호
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• pp.334-339
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• 2007

본 연구는 우황청심원을 비롯한 상용되는 20종의 한약제제를 대상으로 9종의 시토크롬 동종효소에 대한 대사능의 저해정도를 고속 스크리닝 기법을 이용하여 탐색함으로써, 한약제제와 약물의 병용으로 인한 약물 상호작용 가능성을 평가하고자 하였다. 인체 간 마이크로좀 시료에 9종의 주요 시토크롬 약물대사효소의 지표약물과NADPH-generating system및 한약제제(500 ${\mu}g/ml$)를 첨가한 후 $37^{\circ}C$에서 15분간 반응시켜 생성된 각각의 대사물을 LC/MS/MS를 이용하여 정량하여 시토크롬 동종효소 활성의 변화를 평가하였다. 그 결과 우황청심원 현탁액 및 황련해독탕 물 추출물이 각각 CYP2B6 및 CYP2D6 효소 활성을 선택적으로 강력하게 저해하였다. 이러한 결과는 약국에서 쉽게 구입할 수 있는 한약제제들 중 일부는 인체 간 시토크롬 활성 저해능을 가지고 있고, 이들 효소에 의해 대사되는 약물과의 병용 복용시 약물상호작용 발생 가능성이 있음을 의미한다. 향후 한약제제에서 저해능을 나타내는 주된 성분을 규명하여 이 성분의 저해능과 저해 기전을 살피는 노력이 필요할 것이다.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.379-396
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• 2021

Background: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is characterized by brief, unilateral, sharp, stabbing, and shooting pain of the fifth cranial nerve. The objective of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to determine the effect of medications compared to placebo in adult patients with TN. Methods: Review authors identified randomized placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) from PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and EMBASE up to February 2021. We assessed the inclusion and exclusion criteria as well as the risk of bias of the studies based on the Cochrane Handbook. A total of 324 unduplicated references were scanned independently and reduced to eight relevant RCTs, with 89 patients included. Medications investigated included oral carbamazepine, subcutaneous sumatriptan, lidocaine (intranasal, 8% spray on the oral mucosa or intravenous), buprenorphine (ganglionic local opioid analgesia), and oral Nav1.7, a selective sodium channel blocker. Results: Meta-analyses showed that overall patients receiving lidocaine reported a significantly lower post-treatment intensity of pain -3.8 points on a 0-10 scale (95% Cl = -4.653 to -2.873; P < 0.001). Patients who received lidocaine were 8.62 times more likely to have pain improvement than patients on placebo (P < 0.001). In one RCT, patients receiving oral carbamazepine showed a significant improvement in pain intensity of -32% compared to the placebo (P < 0.001). In one trial, patients receiving 3 mg subcutaneous sumatriptan had a significantly lower intensity of pain on average -6.1 points on a scale of 0-10 compared to placebo (P < 0.001) and a significant improvement in pain intensity of -75% compared to the improvement in the placebo group (P < 0.001). Patients who received subcutaneous sumatriptan were 10 times more likely to have pain improvement than those who received placebo (P = 0.001) in one study. Due to the unclear/high risk of bias and small sample size, the quality of the evidence for lidocaine in the treatment of TN was low. Conclusion: Further studies are needed for carbamazepine, sumatriptan, buprenorphine, and oral Nav1.7 sodium channel blockers, as only one study reported outcomes.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.172-178
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• 2018

연구목적 본 연구에서는 독거노인에서의 비처방 일반의약품의 사용행태를 조사하고 그 예측 인자를 확인하고자 하였다. 방 법 본 연구는 일 지역에 거주하는 독거노인 1,099명을 대상자로 시행되었다. 비처방 일반의약품의 사용행태, 인구사회학적 정보, 신체 건강상태(Cumulative illness rating scale, CIRS), 인지기능, 기분 장애 등을 자가설문지와 훈련된 간호사의 면담을 통해 조사하였다. 통계분석은 비처방 약물 사용행태나 인구학적 변인에 대해서는 기술적 통계분석을 시행하였으며 비처방 약물 사용과 관련된 예측인자를 확인하기 위해 로지스틱 회귀분석을 사용하였다. 결 과 전체 대상자의 35.4%가 비처방 약물을 복용하고 있었으며 진통제는 가장 많이 처방되는 약물로서 비처방 약물 복용군의 38.3%가 진통제를 처방받았다. 우울증(OR=1.44, 95% CI=1.10~1.87)과 누적질환평가척도(Cumulative illness rating scale, CIRS)로 측정한 신체건강 중증도(OR=1.08, 95% CI=1.03~1.12)가 비처방 약물 사용과 유의한 상관성이 있었다. 결 론 독거노인에게서 우울장애와 신체건강 중증도는 비처방 약물 사용의 예측인자가 될 수 있으며 임상가는 노인의 비처방 약물의 사용에 대해 주의를 기울여야 한다.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.116-124
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• 2022

Background: High-alert medications (HAMs) are medications that bear a heightened risk of causing significant patient harm if used in error. To facilitate safe use of HAMs, identifying specific HAM lists for clinical setting is necessary. We aimed to develop the national level HAM list for acute care setting. Methods: We used three-step process. First, we compiled the pre-existing lists referring HAMs. Second, we analyzed medication related incidents reported from national patient safety incident report data and adverse events indicating medication errors from the Korea Adverse Event Reporting System (KAERS). We also surveyed the assistant staffs to support patient safety tasks and pharmacist in charge of medication safety in acute care hospital. From findings from analysis and survey results we created additional candidate list of HAMs. Third, we derived the final list for HAMs in acute care settings through expert panel surveys. Results: From pre-existing HAM list, preliminary list consisting of 42 medication class/ingredients was derived. Eight assistant staff to support patient safety tasks and 39 pharmacists in charge of medication safety responded to the survey. Additional 44 medication were listed from national patient safety incident report data, KAERS data and common medications involved in prescribing errors and dispensing errors from survey data. A list of mandatory and optional HAMs consisting of 10 and 6 medication classes, respectively, was developed by consensus of the expert group. Conclusion: We developed national level HAM list for Korean acute care setting from pre-existing lists, analyzing medication error data, survey and expert panel consensus.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.355-362
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• 2005

Constipation is very common phenomenon during childhood that accounts approximately 3% of general pediatric outpatient visits and up to 25% of visit to the pediatric gastroenterologist. The diagnosis of functional constipation is based on the historical features and absence of physical abnormalities. Most infants and children with chronic constipation require no diagnostic tests. Constipation and subsequent fecal retention behavior often begins soon after experience of painful defecation. The effective management of childhood chronic constipation consist of education, prolonged support by physicians and parents, medications, and long term follow up.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2016

Changes in core body temperature are closely related to initiation and maintenance of sleep, and are influenced by various factors such as air temperature, room temperature, clothing, human activities, and medications. These factors are closely related to sleep fragments, insomnia and other sleep disorders. Understanding the effect of the temperature related to human surroundings on the core body temperature and sleep, will be useful for understanding the physiology of sleep and to treat sleep disorders.

• 셀메드
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.2.1-2.4
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• 2018

A case of chronic dry cough which was tried to be treated through so many medications in a period of two months, responded very well to a simple ayurvedic remedy composing of a common formulation chosen as per the ayurvedic principles of pathogenesis and management. This case may be an eye opener to the concurrent ayurvedic clinical practice and invites ayurvedic practitioners to stick to their own principles of disease management for obtaining better responses.

• 셀메드
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.30.1-30.3
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• 2013

Eruptive xanthomas that are characterized by yellowish red papules results from hyperlipidemia, particularly hypertriglyceridemia. The hyperlipidemia responsible for this disorder can be caused by a primary genetic defect, a secondary disorder, or both. Some medications such as estrogen or retinoid treatments may cause eruptive xantomas by increasing serum lipids. We present a case eruptive xantomas triggered by hawthorn vinegar.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.364-367
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• 2006

Epilepsy is the most common paroxysmal disorders seen in the childhood. But other nonepileptic paroxysmal events are confused with epileptic seizures or have unusual clinical features. Nonepileptic paroxysmal disorders tend to recur episodically. So differential diagnosis between epileptic and nonepileptic disorders in fundamental not only to allow correct management of patients and but also avoid of unnecessary antiepileptic medications. To accurate diagnosis of nonepileptic paroxysmal disorders, the patients' age and accurate description of the events are need.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.97-99
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• 2001

A rare case of otitis media following general anesthesia is presented. There was no obvious cause of otitis media. Normal functioning resumed after one week. The patient was given medications including antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs.