• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.36-41
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• 2021

Many prior studies on neck pain after a traffic accident (TA), but there is a lack of research on risk factors for post-TA neck pain in Korea. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between post-traffic neck pain and the demographic characteristics of TA patients and to find any factors affecting the neck pain after TA. In this study, 120 TA patients in a Korean medicine hosipital were analysized. The Korean version of the Neck disability Index (NDI) and Numeral Rating Scale (NRS) were used. Data were summarized by frequency(%) and mean(standard deviation). Pearson correlation test, Independent sample t-test, chi-squre test, one-way ANOVA and two-way ANOVA were performed. The IBM SPSS Advanced Statistics for window, version 20.0 was used for statistical processing. All p-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. NDI and NRS were highly correlated. NRS and NDI showed higher scores for women, those in 30s, BMI≥25, and side collisions, but there were no statistically significant differences. For women, the direction of collision was observed to affect NDI. In this study, it was confirmed that the NDI and NRS had a high correlation. However, it was confirmed that sex, degree of obesity, direction of traffic accident collision are not factors that significantly affect the intensity of neck pain and the functional disorder by neck. It is necessary to conduct an additional study by larger scale.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.134-139
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• 2021

Background: This study aimed to investigate the demographic characteristics of patients with knee pain caused by traffic accidents and test the effectiveness of Korean medicine (KM) treatment. Methods: The medical charts of 114 inpatients with knee pain caused by a traffic accident were reviewed from July 1, 2019 to October 31, 2019 at Bucheon Jaseng Hospital of KM. The patients' demographics including gender, age, period of hospitalization, and type of pharmacopuncture and herbal medicine prescribed were reviewed. The Numeric Rating Scale scores and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index scores were used to assess subjective knee pain. Results: There were more females (55%) than males in this study. Patients were more likely to be in their 30s (27.2%), be hospitalized for 11-14 days (41.2%), treated with Hwangryunhaedok pharmacopuncture (78.1%), and be prescribed Hwalhyeoljitong decoction (62.3%).The mean Numeric Rating Scale score for patients with knee pain caused by a traffic accident decreased significantly from 4.26 ± 1.39 to 2.53 ± 1.60 (p < 0.001), and the mean Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score also decreased significantly from 32.72 ± 18.36 to 23.40 ± 15.80 (p < 0.001) following KM treatment. Conclusion: As a result of analyzing 114 hospitalized patients with knee joint pain due to TAs, inpatients were more likely to be female (55%), a patient in their 30s (27.2%), and be a patient hospitalized for 11-14 days (41.2%). KM treatment of traumatic knee injury using pharmacopuncture therapy and herbal medicine can be an may be effective at reducing pain, and healing functional disorders of the knee.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.115-127
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• 2023

Objectives Through this study, we investigated the effects of Korean medicine treatments on range of motion recovery and pain reduction in patients with Frozen shoulder. Methods In this study, the medical records of 26 patients diagnosed with frozen shoulder were retrospectively observed and analyzed through the IBM SPSS Statistics 25 program. We used range of motion to observe the patient's motion recovery and numeric rating scale to evaluate pain reduction. Results The shoulder range of motion increased statistically significantly from 160.0 (123.5~170.0) to 170.0 (160.0~180.0) (flexion), 115.0 (90.0~135.0) to 167.5 (130.0~178.8) (abduction), 40.8±22.1 to 58.3±16.0 (external rotation) (p<0.001). The average of numeric rating scale reduced statistically significantly from 6.7±2.0 to 3.2±1.4 (p<0.001). Depending on the period, the range of motion increased statistically significantly when visited within 3 months, also the pain score decreased 7.0 (5.4~8.0) to 3.0 (1.8~3.6) statistically significantly when visited within 3 months. In the treatment intervention, the increase in the range of motion and the decrease in pain were statistically significant, especially when the bee venom acupuncture and chuna manaul therapy were used together. Conclusions Korean medicine treatments was effective in improving the range of motion and reducing pain in frozen shoulders. In particular, when treated within 3 months of onset and when bee venom acupuncture and chuna manual therapy were used together, it was effective in recovering the range of motion and reducing pain.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.635-644
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• 2023

Objectives: This study analyzed laboratory serum data results before and after patients took herbal medicine to confirm the clinical safety of herbal medicine. In addition, in the event of liver damage, the case was analyzed to confirm the characteristics of liver damage and the possibility of liver damage caused by herbal medicine. Methods: A retrospective chart review of the effects of herbal medicine on liver function in patients diagnosed with functional dyspepsia was conducted. The electronic medical records of 128 patients in a single hospital were reviewed. Results: The statistical analysis revealed a statistically significant decrease in liver function-related laboratory serum data after taking herbal medicine (p<0.05). In addition, among 128 patients, there were two cases of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) (1.56%). Conclusion: Taking herbal medicine prescribed by experts does not significantly affect liver function in patients with functional dyspepsia. Rather, the liver levels of the subjects showed a significant decrease after taking herbal medicine. To support these results, further large-scale multicenter prospective studies are necessary.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.66 no.1
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• pp.178-203
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• 2024

Constipation, which refers to difficulties in defecation and infrequent bowel movement in emptying the gastrointestinal system that ultimately produces hardened fecal matters, is a health concern in livestock and aging animals. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential effects of dairy-isolated lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains to alleviate constipation as an alternative therapeutic intervention for constipation treatment in the aging model. Rats were aged via daily subcutaneous injection of D-galactose (600 mg/body weight [kg]), prior to induction of constipation via oral administration of loperamide hydrochloride (5 mg/body weight [kg]). LAB strains (L. fermentum USM 4189 or L. plantarum USM 4187) were administered daily via oral gavage (1 × 10 Log CFU/day) while the control group received sterile saline. Aged rats as shown with shorter telomere lengths exhibited increased fecal bulk and soften fecal upon administration of LAB strains amid constipation as observed using the Bristol Stool Chart, accompanied by a higher fecal moisture content as compared to the control (p < 0.05). Fecal water-soluble metabolite profiles showed a reduced concentration of threonine upon administration of LAB strains compared to the control (p < 0.05). Histopathological analysis also showed that the administration of LAB strains contributed to a higher colonic goblet cell count as compared to the control (p < 0.05). The present study illustrates the potential of dairy-sourced LAB strains as probiotics to ameliorate the adverse effect of constipation amid aging, and as a potential dietary intervention strategy for dairy foods including yogurt and cheese.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.292-300
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• 2008

Background: Respiratory failure is a common condition that requires intensive care, and has a high mortality rate despite the recent improvements in respiratory care. Previous reports of patients with respiratory failure focused on the specific disease or included a large proportion of surgical patients. This study evaluated the clinical characteristics, outcomes and prognostic factors of adult patients receiving mechanical ventilation in a medical intensive care unit. Methods: Retrospective chart review was performed on 479 adult patients, who received mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours in the medical ICU of one tertiary referral hospital. Results: The mean age of the patients was $60.3{\pm}15.6$ years and 34.0% were female. The initial mean APACHE III score was $72.3{\pm}25$. The cause of MV included acute respiratory failure (71.8%), acute exacerbation of chronic pulmonary disease (20.9%), coma (5.6%), and neuromuscular disorders (1.7%). Pressure controlled ventilation was used as the initial ventilator mode in 67.8% of patients, and pressure support ventilation was used as the initial weaning mode in 83.6% of the patients. The overall mortality rate in the ICU and hospital was 49.3% and 55.4%, respectively. The main cause of death in hospital was septic shock (32.5%), respiratory failure (11.7%), and multiorgan failure (10.2%). Males, an APACHE III score >70, the cause of respiratory failure (interstitial lung disease, coma, aspiration, pneumonia, sepsis and hemoptysis), the total ventilation time, and length of stay in hospital were independently associated with mortality. Conclusion: The cause of respiratory failure, severity of the patients, and gender appears to be significantly associated with the outcome of mechanical ventilatory support in patients with respiratory failure.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.347-351
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• 2007

This study was done to report the improvement of second case report form(CRF) and standard operating procedure(SOP) of Tentative Korean Standard Differentiation of the Symptoms and Signs for Stroke. We were in charge of developing case report form(CRF) and educating the investigators. In the process of this project, we needed to develop standard operating procedure(SOP) for this CRF. So we made Tentative Korean Standard Differentiation of the Symptoms and Signs for Stroke and tried clinical application at Department of Oriental Internal Medicine of Wonkwang University and Daejeon University in 2005. And in this pilot study we can find out some problems and need to improve it. We strengthen the incision and exclusion criteria of CRF We canceled the Chief complains entry for efficiency. We reflected the decision of Stroke standard committee. We reduced the differentiation index of CRF to promote efficiency and accuracy. We rearranged the order of the differentiation index to promote rationality and practicality. We regulated detail item belonging to Differentiation index. We used a colloquialism in question. We inserted flow chart in SOP. We inserted picture of diagnostic index.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.57-62
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• 2020

Objectives : This study is retrospective chart review research on the combined-prescription of Western and Korean medicine in Public Health Center in rural area. Methods : Researchers reviewed medical records of patients who was prescribed Korean medicine and Western medicine from 1st, Jan, 2019 to 31st, Dec, 2019 in Public Health Center. 50 patients' medical records were included. Results : Total number of treatment is 3,808 cases and 1.3% of them is prescribed Korean medicine and Western medicine simultaneously. Prescription of Korean medicine is 153 cases and Western medicine is 160. Jowiseunggi-tang and Diroba tablet were the most frequently prescribed Korean medicine and Western medicine. Furthermore, Korean Medicine Doctors of Public Health Center use muscular skeletal disease system code(M code among KCD code) for prescription and Western Medicine Doctors use diseases of the circulatory system(I code among KCD code) frequently. Conclusions : We analyze 50 patients who were prescribed both Korean medicine and Western medicine. Mostly, patients were prescribed medicine for different diseases in each clinic. In western medicine clinic, drugs about circulatory or endocrine disease were prescribed frequently and in Korean Medicine clinic, drugs about muscular skeletal disease were most frequently prescribed. This result imply the real world's combination of prescription status that was different from result of National health insurance corporation database. Senior patients in rural area take medicine long period and have various underlying disease. We call for some attention about senior and rural area patients' prescription status in interaction studies of Korean medicine and Western medicine.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.98-104
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• 2015

Objective: To find out clinical features and long-term outcomes of idiopathic childhood nephrotic syndrome(NS) patients with late steroid resistance(LSR)/late steroid sensitiveness(LSS). Patients and Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on 480 patients diagnosed with idiopathic childhood NS at Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital from 1990 to 2013. Twenty-four patients whose responsiveness to steroids changed over a minimum 2 year follow-up period (2-17.5 years) were investigated. All patients had undergone a renal biopsy. Results: Among 480 nephrotic children, 428 (89%) were sensitive to the first steroid course. Of those who initially responded, 11 (2.5%) developed resistance to steroid therapy after relapses. LSR mostly developed between 1 month and 1 year after the initial episode. Six patients showed a minimal change and five showed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Nine (82%) responded to cyclosporine or methylprednisolone pulse therapy. Of these, two had no further relapse, whereas the other seven experienced several relapses that ranged in length from 1.1 to 13.9 years. Three of the nine who initially responded to immunosuppression went on to experience several changes in steroid responsiveness. Two (18%) with resistance to immunosuppressants, including steroids, eventually progressed to end stage renal disease. Among the 52 patients (11%) who were initially steroid resistant, 13 (23%) were converted to steroid sensitive at relapses. Among these, 9 showed minimal change and 4 showed FSGS. Two had no further relapse and the other 11 responded to steroids on subsequent relapses ranging in length from 1.3 to 9.4 years. All these patients have had no further changes in steroid responsiveness with normal renal function. Conclusions: In this study, 2.5% of initial steroid responders and 25% of initial steroid non-responders changed their responsiveness to steroids at subsequent relapses. Eighteen percent of LSR patients developed end stage renal disease. All of the LSS patients showed preserved normal renal function. Responsiveness to immunosuppressants seemed to be the most important factor determining longterm outcomes in LSR/LSS patients.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.606-613
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• 2005

Purpose : Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis(APSGN) is a common form of glomerulonephritis in children. Most patients recover completely after the acute phase but a few patients have acute complications or progress to chronic renal disease. In recent years, the frequency of APSGN has been was decreasing but is still common in children. So we studied the clinical characteristics of APSGN from 1994 to 2003 and compared it with past studies. Methods : We studied 105 patients who were diagnosed with APSGN in the Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center between January 1994 and December 2003, with a retrospective chart review. Results : The mean age was $8.5{\pm}2.6$ years. The male to female ratio was 2 : 1. Average annual incidence was $10.5{\pm}4.9$ most patients(60.0 percent) occurred from October to January. Edema was seen in 82 cases(78.1 percent), gross hematuria in 70 cases(66.7 percent), hypertension in 50 cases (47.6 percent) and oliguria in 22 cases(20.9 percent). Microscopic hematuria was seen in 105 cases (100 percent), positive ASO in 99 cases(94.2 percent), proteinuria in 67 cases(63.8 percent) and azotemia in 38 cases(36.2 percent). Serum complement 3(C3) level decreased in 96 cases and returned to normal within eight weeks in 70 patients(75.3 percent). Kidney biopsy was carried out in 22 cases. Most acute symptoms subsided within 2 weeks of onset. Conclusion : We concluded that there was no significant difference between clinical features of recent and past APSGN in children, and short term prognoses were excellent.