• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.11-11
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• 2006

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.16
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• pp.6571-6574
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• 2014

Background: Alcohol is well established as a risk factor for cancer development in many organ sites. To assess the reliability and validity of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test - Consumption (AUDIT-C) for detecting alcohol use disorders or risky drinking in Japanese adults the present study was conducted. Materials and Methods: A test-retest method was applied with a 2-week interval with 113 health care employees. The k coefficient, Cronbach's coefficient alpha, Spearman's correlation coefficient, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were determined and the validity of the AUDIT-C was analyzed using the data from a nationwide survey on adult alcohol use conducted in 2008 (n=4,123). Results: The reliability of the AUDIT-C score was high (${\kappa}$ coefficient=0.63, Cronbach's alpha=0.98, correlation coefficient=0.95, and ICC=0.95). According to the likelihood ratio and Youden index, appropriate cutoffs for the AUDIT-C were ${\geq}5points$ in men and ${\geq}4$ points in women. The sensitivity and specificity of these cutoffs for identifying ${\geq}8$ points on the AUDIT were 0.88 and 0.80, respectively, for men (positive likelihood ratio [LR+]=4.5) and 0.96 and 0.87, respectively, for women (LR+=7.7). The sensitivity and specificity of the cutoffs for identifying ${\geq}12$ points on the AUDIT were 0.90 and 0.84, respectively, for men (LR+=5.8) and 0.93 and 0.94, respectively, for women (LR+=15.8). The sensitivity and specificity of the cutoffs for identifying ${\geq}16$ points on the AUDIT were 0.93 and 0.80, respectively, for men (LR+=4.7) and 0.92 and 0.98, respectively, for women (LR+=55.6). With higher scores on the AUDIT, the specificity decreased and false-positives increased. The appropriate cutoffs for identifying risky drinking were the same for both genders. Conclusions: The reliability and validity of the AUDIT-C are high, indicating that it is useful for identifying alcohol use disorders or risky drinking among the general population in Japan, a group at high risk of cancer development.

• Korean Journal of Family Medicine
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.333-339
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• 2018

Background: There is a distinction in alcohol consumption behavior between adults and college students. This study aims to verify the usability and the optimal cutoff point of Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Korean revised version (AUDIT-KR) for screening alcohol use disorder in college students when the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM), 5th edition diagnostic criteria is applied. Methods: A total of 922 college students living in Daejeon were enrolled and divided into two groups based on how many items they corresponded to among DSM-5 alcohol use disorder diagnostic criteria: those who corresponded to ${\geq}2$ of the 11 items were classified into the patient group (107 males, 89 females) while the others into the control group (311 males, 415 females). The participants were evaluated using AUDIT-KR to find the optimal cutoff point for screening alcohol use disorder, sensitivity, and specificity. Results: The mean${\pm}$standard deviation scores in the AUDIT-KR were $12.76{\pm}7.27$, $10.72{\pm}4.62$ for males and females, respectively, in the patient group. In contrast, in the control group the scores were $6.26{\pm}5.23$ and $3.95{\pm}3.59$ in males and females, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (95% confidence interval) regarding alcohol use disorder screening by AUDIT-KR was 0.768 (0.715-0.821) and 0.883 (0.848-0.919) for males and females, respectively. The optimal cutoff point of alcohol use disorder for males was >9, sensitivity 64.49%, and specificity 76.85%. The optimal cutoff point for females was >6, sensitivity 82.02%, and specificity 80.48%. Conclusion: This study suggested that AUDIT-KR can be used as a screening tool for alcohol use disorder in groups of college students when DSM-5 diagnosis criteria are applied.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.2829-2834
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• 2013

The objective was to analyze the radiotherapy (RT) practice at the cancer centre of a tertiary academic medical institution in Delhi. This audit from an Indian public institution covered patient care processes related to cancer diagnosis, integration of RT with other anti-cancer modalities, waiting time, overall treatment time, and compliance with RT. Over a period of one year, all consecutively registered patients in radiotherapy were analyzed for the audit cycle. Analysis of 1,030 patients showed median age of 49.6 years, with presentation as stage I and II in 14.2%, stage III and IV in 71.2% and unknown stage in 14.6%. A total of 974 (95%) were advised for RT appointment; 669 (68.6%) for curative intent and 31.4% for palliation. Mean times for diagnostic workup and from registration at cancer centre to radiotherapy referral were 33 and 31 days respectively. Median waiting time to start of RT course was 41 days. Overall RT compliance was 75% and overall duration for a curative RT course ranged from 50 days to 61 days. Non-completion and interruption of RT course were observed in 12% and 13% respectively. Radiotherapy machine burden in a public cancer hospital in India increases the waiting time and 25% of advised patients do not comply with the prescribed treatment. Infrastructure, machine and manpower constraints lead to more patients being treated on cobalt (74%) and by two-dimensional (78%) techniques.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.500-504
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• 2014

Background Skin cancer is the most prevalent cancer by organ type and referral accuracy is vital for diagnosis and management. The British Association of Dermatologists (BAD) and literature highlight the importance of accurate skin lesion examination, diagnosis and educationally-relevant studies. Methods We undertook a review of the relevant literature, a national audit of skin lesion description standards and a study of speciality training influences on these descriptions. Questionnaires (n=200), with pictures of a circular and an oval lesion, were distributed to UK dermatology/plastic surgery consultants and speciality trainees (ST), general practitioners (GP), and medical students (MS). The following variables were analysed against a pre-defined 95% inclusion accuracy standard: site, shape, size, skin/colour, and presence of associated scars. Results There were 250 lesion descriptions provided by 125 consultants, STs, GPs, and MSs. Inclusion accuracy was greatest for consultants over STs (80% vs. 68%; P<0.001), GPs (57%) and MSs (46%) (P<0.0001), for STs over GPs (P<0.010) and MSs (P<0.0001) and for GPs over MSs (P<0.010), all falling below audit standard. Size description accuracy sub-analysis according to circular/oval dimensions was as follows: consultants (94%), GPs (80%), STs (73%), MSs (37%), with the most common error implying a quadrilateral shape (66%). Addressing BAD guidelines and published requirements for more empirical performance data to improve teaching methods, we performed a national audit and studied skin lesion descriptions. To improve diagnostic and referral accuracy for patients, healthcare professionals must strive towards accuracy (a circle is not a square). Conclusions We provide supportive evidence that increased speciality training improves this process and propose that greater focus is placed on such training early on during medical training, and maintained throughout clinical practice.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.20-28
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• 2020

Purpose: The objective of this study is to perform Postal dosimetry audits for medical linear accelerators in radiation therapy institutions using glass dosimeters and Gafchromic film reading systems and postal dosimetry audit procedures, and to evaluate radiation therapy doses and mechanical accuracy in medical institutions. Methods: Photon output measured and analyzed using a standard phantom for measuring photon output dose using a glass dosimeter for medical linear accelerators. Mechanical accuracy was measured and analyzed using software for film measurement. Results: Measurement and analysis of photon beam output dose using a standard phantom glass dosimeter for photon beam output dose measurement was completed. All tolerance doses were within 5%. Mechanical accuracy measurement and analysis using a standard phantom for verifying the mechanical accuracy of linear accelerator (LINAC) using a Gafchromic film were completed, and all results were shown within tolerances (2 mm or less). Conclusions: In this study, Postal dosimetry audits were performed on the output dose and mechanical accuracy of photon beams (207 beams) for 106 LINACs from 48 institutions. As a result of corrective action and re-execution, it was confirmed that all engines met the acceptable standard within 2 mm in the linear accelerator.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.203-216
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• 2012

For the successful operation of the current organization, the importance of the information system is further increasing, and audit for the information system construction is also spreading according to the mandatory of information system audit. However our country's information system audit still does not deal with various risks and the improvement plan of it is desperately needed since bad practices are often happened while performing audit for the various information system projects. Therefore, this paper proposed improved review items for the quality improvement of information system construction by analysing data of information system audit projects and risk occurrence projects that are performed by the domestic large SI company during four years. In addition, this paper verified the effectiveness of the improved review items proposed in this paper by applying them to actual information system project examples.

• Journal of the Korean Catholic Hospital Association
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• v.13
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• pp.20-30
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• 1982

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.153-156
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• 2004

Korea Food and Drug Administration(KFDA) has peformed the calibration of therapy level dosimeters for Co-60 radiation since 1979. The reference standard ionization chamber has been calibrated at BIPM in France. The uncertainty on the KFDA calibration coefficients is 0.9 %(k=2) for air kerma and absorbed dose to water. Since 1999 a national quality audit program for ensuring dosimetry accuracy in Korea radiotherapy centers has been performed by the KFDA. The uncertainty associated with the determination of the absorbed dose to water from the TLD readings for high energy x-ray is 1.6 %(k=1). The correction factors for energy, non-linearity dose response, and TLD holder are used in the dose determination. Agreement between the user stated dose and KFDA measured dose within ${\pm}$ 5 % is considered acceptable. KFDA TLD postal dose quality audit program was peformed for 71 beam qualities of 53 domestic radiotherapy centers in 2003. The results for quality assurance showed that 63 out of 71 beam qualifies (89 %) satisfied the acceptance limit. The second audit was carried out for the centers outside the limit and ail of them have been corrected.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.219-224
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• 2019

Background: Korea has shown a rapid pace of aging and has become an aged society in a shorter period than Western countries. Therefore, it is important that middle-aged workers maintain their ability to work in the industrial field at the maximum level while maintaining their health. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors affecting work ability and to use this data to maintain the working ability of middle-aged workers in the future. Methods: From 2015 to 2017, we surveyed 371 street cleaners who visited a health center for health promotion in a metropolitan city. The relationship between the general characteristics of the survey subjects and the Work Ability Index (WAI) was confirmed by a univariate analysis. Statistically significant (p<0.2) factors were selected and a multiple linear regression analysis was conducted with WAI scores as a dependent variable. Results: Age, body mass index, body fat percentage, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Korea (AUDIT-K) scores, the Psychosocial Well-Being Index-Short Form (PWI-SF) scores, maximal oxygen consumption ($VO_{2max}$), and hypertension showed statistically significant correlations with the WAI in the univariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis, the $VO_{2max}$, AUDIT-K scores, and PWI-SF scores were included in the regression equation. $VO_{2max}$ had the greatest effect on the standardization coefficient indicating the relative contribution of independent variables, followed by the AUDIT-K scores and the PWI-SF scores. Conclusion: Programs to increase workers' physical work ability and alleviate psychosocial stress and drinking habits should be developed and implemented in the future.