• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.109-114
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• 2015

In this study, joint angles of the lower extremity and tibial acceleration and angular velocity were measured during a snowboard simulator exercises in order to evaluate the skill of snowboarders. Ten unskilled and ten expert snowboarders were recruited for the study. A three-dimensional motion capture system and two inertial sensor modules were used to acquire joint movements, acceleration and angular velocity of the lower extremities during snowboard simulator exercises. Pattern variations were calculated to assess variations in the snowboard simulator motion of unskilled and expert snowboarders. Results showed that expert snowboarders showed greater range of motion in joint angles and greater peak to peak amplitude in acceleration and angular velocity for tibia than unskilled snowboarders. The unskilled snowboarders did not show symmetrical shape(same magnitude but opposite direction) in tibial angular velocity during two edge turns in snowboard simulator exercises. The expert snowboarders showed smaller pattern variations for joint angle of lower extremity, tibial acceleration and tibial angular velocity than unskilled snowboarders. Inertial sensor data and pattern variations during the snowboard simulator exercises could be useful to evaluate the skill of snowboarders.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.154-164
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• 2020

Various simulator systems for surgery training have been developed and recently become more widely utilized with technology advancement and change in medical education adopting actively simulation-based training. The authors have developed tissue-instrument interaction modeling and graphical simulation algorithms for an arthroscopic surgery training simulator system. In this paper, we propose algorithms for basic surgical techniques, such as cutting, shaving, drilling, grasping, suturing and knot tying for rotator cuff surgery. The proposed method constructs a virtual 3-dimensional model from actual patient data and implements a real-time deformation of the surgical object model through interaction between ten types of arthroscopic surgical tools and a surgical object model. The implementation is based on the Simulation Open Framework Architecture (SOFA, Inria Foundation, France) and custom algorithms were implemented as pulg-in codes. Qualitative review of the developed results by physicians showed both feasibility and limitations of the system for actual use in surgery training.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.40-45
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• 2013

The conventional simulators used the expensive commercial artificial heart with a limited performance, and focused on replicating the heart function. The arterial pressure is the key factor of the cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study is to develop a simulator focused on the pressure wave. The simulator is composed of a step motor, slider-crank mechanism, piston-cylinder, two check valves, a elastic tube, and two reservoirs. With the changes of design parameters, the functions of the simulator were evaluated. The simulator shows the good agreement of the characteristics of the cardiovascular system.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.111-115
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• 2017

Blood pressure is one of the important vital signs for monitoring the medical condition of a patient. Automated NIBP(non-invasive blood pressure) monitoring devices calculate systolic and diastolic blood pressures from the oscillation in cuff pressure caused by a pulsation of an artery. To validate the NIBP devices, we developed a simulator to supply the oscillometric waveforms obtained from human subjects. The simulator provided pressure pulses to device-under-test and device readings were compared to the auscultatory references. Fully automated simulation system including OCR(optical character recognition) were developed and used for NIBP monitoring devices. The validation results using the simulator agreed well with previous clinical validation. More validation studies using the standardized oscillometric waveforms would be required for the replacement of clinical trials to validate a new automated NIBP monitoring device.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2011

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the controversial issues about objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) of pulse diagnosis and investigate the objectification of traditional Korean medicine and technical feasibility of pulse simulation through the suggestion of a pulse simulator. Methods: The concept, validity and reliability of OSCE and the current situation of medical simulation was described. The actual level and problems on the simulator development was presented through haptics and tactile technology in order to compose a pulse simulator for OSCE. Results: The pulse wave system of a pulse simulator should materialize through haptic technology and the classification of the differences between tactile sensation and tactile quality is essential for the development of the relevant pulse simulator for OSCE in traditional Korean medicine. Conclusions: The introduction and controversial issues of OSCE and methodology of pulse wave reappearance system are proposed for the objectification of Traditional Korean Medicine and the development of clinical technology.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2004년도 학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.456-458
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• 2004

Recent medical robot systems perform surgery operations, by following the preplanned trajectory and surgical procedures. Depending on the complexity of surgery operations, they are operated in manual, semi-automatic or full automatic mode. To improve the performance of those medical robot systems, development of the simulator and more advanced auto-illumination system, in which intensity of light, direction and focal point can be controlled automatically according to the varied environments during surgical operations. are required. Therefore, in this paper, the simulator for SPINEBOT system which is a computer-intergrated robotic surgery system are developed. And further, an auto-illumination system which will be integrated to the SPINEBOT system is investigated and its preliminary design is described.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.136-146
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• 2022

In this study, it is intended to provide basic data that can help develop a cardiovascular simulator for performance evaluation of pulse wave detectors by identifying the development status of domestic and overseas cardiovascular simulators. A total of 119 papers were selected by excluding duplicate literature, gray literature, and literature not related to a cardiovascular simulator. Based on the selected literature, the research trend of cardiovascular simulators was analyzed. As a result of analyzing the purpose of the study, most of the simulators were developed to evaluate the hemodynamic properties of artificial hearts and valves. In addition, it was used for simulation evaluation or hemodynamic studies such as pulse wave studies. As a result of analyzing configurations of the simulators, a heart most often consisted of only one left ventricle. For blood vessels, the Windkessel model was most often constructed using chambers and valves. In most studies, blood was reproduced by mixing glycerin and water to reproduce both density and viscosity. In addition, as a result of analysis from the perspective of medical device performance evaluation, simulators for evaluating artificial heart and artificial valves have been studied a lot, whereas simulators for blood pressure, pulse wave, and blood flow devices have been relatively insignificant. Based on the review results, we suggested considerations when developing a simulator for performance evaluations of a pulse wave detector.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2013

목 적: 최근 Integrated PET/CT (GE Discovery 690, General Electric Healthcare, Milwaukee, MI, USA, 이하 PET/CT) 전산화 모의치료기가 방사선치료에 적용되면서 정확한 표적용적(Target Volume, TV)의 묘사가 가능하게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 포도당 유도체 불소화합물(F-18 fluoro-2-deoxyglucose, FDG)을 이용한 비소세포폐암 환자의 육안적표적용적(Gloss Target Volume, GTV)을 비교하여 유용성을 평가하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 가멕스 레이져 시스템(GAMMEX INC, Middleton, WI, USA)이 설치된 PET/CT를 이용하여 비소세포폐암 환자 5명을 대상으로 입체모의치료를 실시하였다. 환자 위치잡이의 재현성을 높이기 위하여 바로누운자세(supine)에서 환자고정용구(Extended Wing Board)를 사용하여 환자를 고정하였다. 획득한 영상은 치료계획시스템(Eclipse V10. Varian, USA)에서 CT, PET, 융합한 PET/CT에 GTV를 묘사하여 비교하였다. 결 과: 무기폐(atelectasis)나 폐렴(Pneumonitis)과 같은 합병증을 동반한 비소세포폐암 환자 5명에 대해 CT에 대한 PET의 GTV는 각각 10.5%, 11.8% 감소하였으나 67.9%, 220%, 19.4% 증가하였다. CT에 대한 PET/CT의 GTV는 각각 7.7%, 6.7%, 28% 감소하였으나 232%, 24%증가하였다. 결 론: FDG를 이용한 비소세포폐암 환자의 PET/CT 전산화 모의치료기는 GTV 묘사를 통하여 종양의 경계를 명확히 해주고 불확실한 표적체적을 정의하는데 CT보다 유용하여 앞으로 다른 부위에 추가 적용 가능할 것으로 보인다.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2006

Simulators were introduced in education as a tool to make advanced training standardized, less expensive, and without danger to those involved. In 1922 in the Unites States, Edward Link presented his homemade flight simulator, which became common place in both military and civilian aviation, known as the "Link Trainer". The development of mannequin simulators used for education, training, and research is reviewed, tracing the motivations, evolution to commercial availability, and efforts toward assessment of efficacy of those for teaching cardiopulmonary resuscitation, cardiology skills, anaesthesia clinical skills, and crisis management. This will provide a brief overview of simulators and trainers in several domains.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.222-228
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• 2012

Haptics and virtual reality are rapidly growing technologies in medical fields. Physicians and nurses can benefit from medical simulation via training and acquire surgical and clinical techniques. In this paper, the research on needle insertion force of biological tissue for haptic based intravenous injection simulator was carried out. We built the setup for needle insertion (intravenous injection) experiments and performed the experiments on live pigs. The force responses against needle insertion were measured using the experimental setup. In addition, the modeling of needle insertion force was carried out with the experimental results and numerical models via nonlinear least-squares method. The results presented in this paper indicate that the developed models can be applied not only to estimate the force feedback during intravenous injection procedure but also to improve the overall training quality of the medical simulator.