• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.455-464
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• 1994

The intelligent trajectory control method that controls moving direction and average velocity for a prosthetic arm is proposed by pattern recognition and force estimations using EMG signals. Also, we propose the real time trajectory planning method which generates continuous accelleration paths using 3 stage linear filters to minimize the impact to human body induced by arm motions and to reduce the muscle fatigue. We use combination of MLP and fuzzy filter for pattern recognition to estimate the direction of a muscle and Hogan's method for the force estimation. EMG signals are acquired by using a amputation simulator and 2 dimensional joystick motion. The simulation results of proposed prosthetic arm control system using the EMG signals show that the arm is effectively followed the desired trajectory depended on estimated force and direction of muscle movements.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.531-537
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 FFT와 파라메트릭 방법에 의한 혈류 추정방법을 연구하고 디지털 신호처리 프로세서를 이용하여 레이저 도플러 혈률계를 구현하였다. 레이저 도플러 혈류계는 피부의 모세혈류의 흐름을 측정할수 있는 장비로서 다양한 분야에 활용이 가능하다. 구현된시스템은 TI사의 TMS320C32 DSP를 사용하였으며, 전력 스펙트럼의 모멘트값을 이용하여 혈류를 추정하였다. 혈류 추정 값은 매 0.5초마다 그래픽 사용자 인터페이스를 통해서 표시하도록 하였다. 시스템의 성능을 평가하기 위해서 혈류 시뮬레이터에 흐르는 혈류를 계단함수, 삼각함수, 사인함수로 제어하여 그 결과를 비교하였으며 인체 부위에 따른 혈류를 측정하였다. 실험결과 구현된시스템의 혈류 추정성 및 재현성이 보장되고있음을 확인할수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1998 no.11
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• pp.165-166
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• 1998

A multi-parameter neuro muscular electrical simulator (NMES) system was developed to be used to find the optimal parameter condition in obtaining maximum muscle power and minimal fatigue. Since the performance of NMES is mainly determined by the characteristic of its output-stage circuit, we implemented 3 different circuits and compared output characteristics of them. Three amplifier circuits are; 1) a resonant switching converter, 2) a linear amplifier with a transformer, and 3) a step-up DC/DC converter with a high-voltage linear amplifier. Experimental results showed that the step up DC/DC converter with a high-voltage linear amplifier has the best performance.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1996 no.05
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• pp.256-259
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• 1996

In this paper, we proposed a new system for postural balance rehabilitation training. We used the cycle simulator using virtual reality technology as the sensory integration device. Our results showed that this system was effective postural balance rehabilitation training device and might be useful as the clinical equipment.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.48-53
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• 2015

Sudden infant death syndrome(SIDS) continues to be general cause of infant death. Also, apnea is supposed to be one of the main risk factor of SIDS. Therefore, Infant's respiratory monitoring and real-time apnea detection is very important to prevent SIDS. In this study, we proposed a non-contact home monitoring system for infant's respiration using Doppler radar in order to prevent SIDS. The respiration data were acquired from a commercialized baby simulator(Simbaby$^{TM}$) using a Doppler radar. To evaluate a performance of the proposed system, the simulator was placed in a supine and prone position and the chest belt was used simultaneously as a reference signal. As a result, correlation coefficients between respiration rates of Doppler radar and the chest belt in each position were 0.95(p < 0.001) and 0.98(p < 0.001), respectively. The averages of difference were $-0.29{\pm}5.21(mean{\pm}1.96{\cdot}$ standard deviation) in supine and $-0.12{\pm}3.05$ in prone from Bland-Altman analysis. The results indicated an excellent performance in detecting apnea with a sensitivity of 100% and a positive predictive value of 100% in each posture respectively. These results demonstrated that a proposed Doppler radar system is suitable for non-contact respiratory monitoring in order to prevent SIDS of infant.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.111-116
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• 2022

In this study, the applicability of machine learning for the development of a simulator for general X-ray examination education is evaluated. To this end, k-nearest neighbor(kNN), support vector machine(SVM) and neural network(NN) classification models are analyzed to present the most suitable model by analyzing the results. Image data was obtained by taking 100 photos each corresponding to Posterior anterior(PA), Posterior anterior oblique(Obl), Lateral(Lat), Fan lateral(Fan lat). 70% of the acquired 400 image data were used as training sets for learning machine learning models and 30% were used as test sets for evaluation. and prediction model was constructed for right-handed PA, Obl, Lat, Fan lat image classification. Based on the data set, after constructing the classification model using the kNN, SVM, and NN models, each model was compared through an error matrix. As a result of the evaluation, the accuracy of kNN was 0.967 area under curve(AUC) was 0.993, and the accuracy of SVM was 0.992 AUC was 1.000. The accuracy of NN was 0.992 and AUC was 0.999, which was slightly lower in kNN, but all three models recorded high accuracy and AUC. In this study, right-handed PA, Obl, Lat, Fan lat images were classified and predicted using the machine learning classification models, kNN, SVM, and NN models. The prediction showed that SVM and NN were the same at 0.992, and AUC was similar at 1.000 and 0.999, indicating that both models showed high predictive power and were applicable to educational simulators.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.267-274
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• 2021

Objectives : Acupoints education is important in that it can determine the clinical competency of Korean Medicine Doctors (KMDs). Accordingly, we aimed to develop a practical simulator for acupoints education, acupoints training, acupoints practice, and acupoints evaluation. Methods : Korean Medicine (KM) SMART Table can be divided into hardware, server and components, and is organically linked. We develop KM SMART Table that combines the hardware of a human-sized table with a UHD display capable of multi-touch in two cases and software that can teach acupoints. We make Augmented Reality (AR) contents linked with KM SMART Table contents and develop applications that can use contents using mobile devices. By developing an AR image tracking module to react with KM SMART Table, it enables acupoint learning according to the mobile device platform and human anatomy. Results : The current system is a prototype where some 3D technology has been implemented, but the AR function will be produced later. New learning using 3D and AR will be required during acupoints education and acupoints practice. It will be used a lot in OSCE (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) practices for strengthening the competency of KMDs, and it will be of great help not only in KM education as a unique simulator of KM, but also in the practice of acupuncture and chuna for musculoskeletal diseases. Conclusions : The KM SMART Table is a technology that combines 3D and AR to learn acupoints, and to conduct acupoints OSCE practice, and we suggest that it can be usefully used for educational evaluation.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.111-117
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• 2007

The study aims to measure and analyze the thickness and depth of blood vessel on the pulse diagnosis locations and the blood velocity through the use of ultrasonic waves (LOGIQ5PRO, GE Medical, U.S.) in order to understand the structural difference of pulse diagnosis locations. The subjects included 44 healthy men and women(22.28${\pm}$2.62 age) considered normal in terms of Body Mass Index(BMI). The thickness and depth of the blood vessel and the blood velocity were measured three times on CHON, KWAN and CHUCK to obtain the average value. Results showed there is a statistically significant difference among the variables measured on CHON, KWAN and CHUCK. A difference according to gender was also observed. This explains why an oriental medical doctor can tell the difference in pulses depending on the location of CHON, KWAN and CHUCK. In addition, the difference in pressure between CHON and KWAN was higher than that in pressure between KWAN and CHUCK. The findings explain why oriental medical doctors take pulses by dividing CHON, KWAN and CHUCK in the short length of the three fingers. It can be used to develop a pulse diagnosis device enabling accurate measurement according to the characteristics of blood vessel structure based on where the pulse is taken. Furthermore, the results can be used as basic data for the development of a pulse diagnosis simulator.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.109-116
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• 2014

In recent, ISM (Industrial Scientific Medical) band that is 2.4GHz band authorized free of charge is being widely used for smart phone, notebook computer, printer and portable multimedia devices. Accordingly, studies have been continuously conducted on the possibility of coexistence among nodes using ISM band. In particular, the interference of IEEE 802.11b based Wi-Fi device using overlapping channel during communication among IEEE 802.15.4 based wireless sensor nodes suitable for low-power, low-speed communication using ISM band causes serious network performance deterioration of wireless sensor networks. This paper examined a method of identifying channel status to avoid interference among wireless communication devices using IEEE 802.11b (Wi-Fi) and other ISM bands during communication among IEEE 802.15.4 based wireless sensor network nodes in ISM band. To identify channels occupied by Wi-Fi traffic, various studies are being conducted that use the RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) value of interference signal obtained through ED (Energy Detection) feature that is one of IEEE 802.15.4 transmitter characteristics. This paper examines an algorithm that identifies the possibility of using more accurate channel by mixing utilization of interference signal and RSSI mean value of interference signal by wireless sensor network nodes. In addition, it verifies such algorithm by using OPNET Network verification simulator.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.7-16
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• 2021

Purpose: The I-gel device is Korea's most frequently used airway management method during pre-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). This study aimed to compare changes in ventilation volume according to the fixation method with a simulated manikin. Methods: We placed I-gel into an advanced life support simulator and compared tape and band fixation conditions. CPR was performed according to the 2020 Korean CPR guidelines, using a mechanical chest compression device and an adult bag. The positional shift of I-gel and the ventilation volume of the simulated manikin were measured after performing CPR for 20 minutes. Five trials were carried out in each setting. Statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS 27.0. P < .05 was considered significant. Results: Positional shift after 20 minutes of CPR was as follows: tape fixation, 7.2 ± 0.2 mm; band fixation, no change, indicating a significant difference between the two groups (p=.003). The mean ventilation volume was tape fixation, 482.63 ± 30.84 mL; band fixation, 544.96 ± 22.98 mL, showing a significant difference (p=.002). Conclusion: When using the I-gel during pre-hospital CPR, using a band-type fixing device with elasticity rather than fixing the tape provides stable and appropriate ventilation by maintaining the fixed position.