• 한국의학물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국의학물리학회 2002년도 Proceedings
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• pp.322-323
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• 2002

Partial volume averaging effect of PET data influences on the accuracy of quantitative measurements of regional brain metabolism because spatial resolution of PET is limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of partial volume correction carried out on $^{18}$ F-PET images using Hoffman brain phantom. $^{18}$ F-PET Hoffman phantom images were co-registered to MR slices of the same phantom. All the MR slices of the phantom were then segmented to be binary images. Each of these binary images was convolved in 2 dimensions with the spatial resolution of the PET. The original PET images were then divided by the smoothed binary images in slice-by-slice, voxel-by-voxel basis resulting in larger PET image volume in size. This enlarged partial volume corrected PET image volume was multiplied by original binary image volume to exclude extracortical region. The evaluation of partial volume corrected PET image volume was performed by region of interests (ROI) analysis applying ROIs, which were drawn on cortical regions of the original MR image slices, to corrected and original PET image volume. From the ROI analysis, range of regional mean values increases of partial volume corrected PET images was 4 to 14%, and average increase for all the ROIs was about 10% in this phantom study. Hoffman brain phantom study was useful for the objective evaluation of the partial volume correction method. This MR-based correction method would be applicable to patients in the. quantitative analysis of FDG-PET studies.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

In this study, we proposed an image quality control for an automatic exposure control (AEC) of digital radiographic imaging system and tried to analyze the performance of the AEC by various manufacturer. The subjects of the experiment were analyzed for the AEC image quality evaluation using digital radiation generators from four manufacturer such as PHILIPS, GE Healthcare, SAMSUNG Healthcare, DK Medical Solution. We used as materials for the implementation of the image quality evaluation by coins (500 won, KOMSCO, Korea). This study evaluated the performance evaluation of the AEC as image quality and exposure dose (Milliampere-seconds; mAs). The image quality evaluation was tried visual assessment by two radiologic technologists and contrast to noise (CNR) by ImageJ. The exposure dose investigated mAs on digital radiation generators. The radiographic coin images acquired 360 images based on change in the control factors of the AEC, which were kVp, the consistency of field configuration and dominant zone, sensitivity and density. As a result, there was a significant difference in the AEC performance between manufacturer. The CNR by the AEC for each manufacturer showed a difference of up to about 1.9 times. The exposed tube current by the AEC for each manufacturer showed a difference of up to about 5.8 times. It is expected that our proposed evaluation method using coins could be applied as the AEC performance evaluation method in the future.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1991년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.48-53
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• 1991

The discrete cosine transform (DCT)-based progressive and hierarchical coding schemes developed by the International Standardization Organization (ISO) Joint Photographic Experts Groups (JPEG) are implemented and evaluated for the application of medical image communication. For a series of head sections of magnetic resonance images, a compression ratio of about 10 is obtained by the algorithm without noticeable image degradation.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.201-208
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• 2008

물리적 평가(physical evaluation)가 영상품질의 객관화와 정량화를 위한 토대를 제공함에도 불구하고, 부정확하고 가변적인 특성을 지닌 주관적 평가(subjective evaluation)가 영상평가에 중요한 역할을 하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 디지털 방사선 영상의 물리적 평가와 주간적 평가의 단점을 상호 보완하고 객관적 정량화를 위한 새로운 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 임상에 사용되고 있는 4대의 디지털 방사선 영상 촬영장치로부터 동일한 임상조건에서 흉부 팬톰 영상을 획득하였다. 물리적 영상평가를 위하여 디지털 흉부 팬톰 내에서 3개의 영역(폐, 심장, 그리고 복부)에 존재하는 CNR (contrast-to-noise ratio)를 측정하였고 분할(segmentation)과 정합(registration)등 다양한 영상처리기술이 적용되었다. 주관적 평가는 5명의 관찰자에 의한 저 대조도 물체의 식별 정도를 점수화 하였다. 두 평가의 특성을 보완 및 결합하고자 퍼지적분 이론이 도입되었다. 4대의 시스템으로부터의 평가결과가 비교되었으며, 물리적 평가와 주관적 평가가 항상 비례하지 않음을 보였다. 물리적 평가에서는 높은 점수를 보였던 시스템이 주관적 평가에서는 상대적으로 낮은 평가를 보였다. 본 연구에서 제안한 퍼지적분에 의한 영상평가의 정량화는 물리적 평가와 주관적 평가를 모두 포함하는 총체적인 평가 방법이며, 다양한 영상품질 평가에 유용할 것이라 사료된다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2004

MDCT는 비침습적인 방법으로 관상동맥 질환을 검사하는데 유용하다고 알려져 있다. 하지만 영상의 질에 있어서 환자의 심장박동이 결정적인 영향을 주게 된다. 특히 심장박동이 불규칙하거나 조기 심실수축 환자일 경우 영상을 재구성하는데 있어 왜곡 현상이 증가하여 진단에 어려움을 초래한다. 최근 본원에서 심장박동이 불규칙한 환자에서 영상 재구성시 불규칙한 R-R 간격을 조정한 후 얻은 영상이 artifact가 감소하는 현상을 경험한 바 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 다양한 교정 방법(disable, inesrt, R-R interval 교정)이 영상의 질에 어떤 영향이 있는지를 알아보고자 한다. 심박동이 불규칙한 24명의 환자에서 교정방법에 따라 영상을 재구성한 결과 R-R Interval 조정에서 통계학적으로 유의한 결과를 얻을 수 있었다(p<0.05). 본 연구에서는 R-R Interval 조정에서 가장 우수한 영상을 얻을 수 있었으며, 향후 심장 질환의 진단에 도움을 줄 수 있는 기초연구로서 그 가치가 충분하리라 사료된다.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.76-83
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 원본 의료영상인 DICOM 파일을 TIFF, BITMAP, GIF, JPEG 이미지 파일로 변환한 후 Origin pro와 ICY 영상분석 프로그램을 이용하여 영상의 압축 및 변환과정에 따른 변환 손실율을 정량적으로 평가를 하고자 하였다. 평가 방법으로는 50% MTF, 구조적 유사지수, MSE, RMSE, 최대 신호대 잡음비 등을 실험을 통하여 평가하였으며, TIFF 이미지 파일의 경우 모든 실험군에서 DICOM 영상과 동일한 결과 값을 나타내어 DICOM 영상과 동일 하거나 가장 유사한 이미지 파일 형식이라고 판단하였다. 그리고 JPEG 이미지 파일의 화질의 손실 및 왜곡의 정도가 가장 심한 결과로 나타났다, 본 연구는 Origin pro나 ICY 의료영상 분석 프로그램과 같은 독창적인 평가 프로그램을 적용하여 이후의 디지털 의료영상 기초 연구분야에서 본 논문의 평가 방법이 의료 영상 처리 분야의 연구 자료로 활용될 것으로 기대되며, DICOM 파일을 지원하지 않는 디지털 의료영상 및 평가 프로그램을 이용한 기초 연구분야에서 DICOM 영상과 동일한 결과를 나타내는 TIFF 이미지 파일을 기준으로 제시하여, 이미지 파일을 이용한 디지털 의료영상처리 연구 분야에서 신뢰성을 확보하는데 도움이 될 것으로 추론된다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2023

This study was purpose to assessment of the resolution characteristics by using ATS 535H Basic quality assurance (QA) phantom for ultrasound. The ultrasound equipment was used Logiq P6 (Ultrasound, GE Healthcare System, Chicago, IL, USA). And the ultrasound transducer were used Convex 4C (4~5.5 MHz), Linear 11L (10~13 MHz), Sector 3SP (3~5.5 MHz) probe. As for the noise power spectrum (NPS) comparison results by using ATS 535H Basic QA ultrasound phantom and Convex 4C, Linear 11L, Sector 3SP probe. The NPS value of the Convex 4C probe image was 0.0049, Linear 11L probe image was 0.0049, Sector 3SP probe image was 0.1422 when the frequency is 1.0 mm^-1. The modulation transfer function (MTF) comparison results by using ATS 535H Basic QA ultrasound phantom and Linear 11L probe the MTF value of the 3 cm focus image was 0.7511 and 4 cm focus image was 0.9001 when the frequency is 1.0 mm^-1. This study was presented characteristics of spatial resolution a quantitative evaluation methods by using ultrasound medical images for QA of ultrasound medical QA phantom. The quality control (QC) for equipment maintenance can be efficiently used in the clinic due to the quantitative evaluation of the NPS and MTF as the standard methods. It is meaningful in that it is applied mutatis mutandis and presented the results of physical resolution characteristics of the ultrasound medical image.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.127-134
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• 2022

In order to overcome the image quality limitations of the conventional C-arm, a flat panel detector (FPD) is used to enhance spatial resolution, detective quantum efficiency, frame rate, and dynamic range. Three-dimensional (3D) visualized information can be obtained from C-arm computed tomography (CT) equipped with an FPD, which can reduce patient discomfort and provide various medical information to health care providers by conducting procedures in the interventional procedure room without moving the patient to the CT scan room. Unlike a conventional C-arm device, a C-arm CT requires different basic safety and essential performance evaluation criteria; therefore, in this study, basic safety and essential performance evaluation criteria to protect patients, medical staff, and radiologists were derived based on International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standards, the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) standards in Korea, and the rules on the installation and operation of special medical equipment in Korea. As a result of the study, six basic safety evaluation criteria related to electrical and mechanical radiation safety (leakage current, collision protection, emergency stopping device, overheating, recovery management, and ingress of water or particulate matter into medical electrical (ME) equipment and ME systems: footswitches) and 14 essential performance evaluation criteria (accuracy of tube voltage, accuracy of tube current, accuracy of loading time, accuracy of current time product, reproducibility of radiation output, linearity and consistency in radiography, half layer value in X-ray equipment, focal size and collimator, relationship between X-ray field and image reception area, consistency of light irradiation versus X-ray irradiation, performance of the mechanical device, focal spot to skin distance accuracy, image quality evaluation, and technical characteristic of cone-beam computed tomography) were selected for a total of 20 criteria.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.1741-1749
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• 2017

In commercial digital-cameras, color-filter filters light according to wavelength range of color filter array (CFA) and the filtered intensities contain color information of light. Then, output data of CFA is transformed to final rendered image through demosaicing process. In image processing of digital-camera, the quality of the final rendered image is affected by optical cross talk of CFA, kind of CFA pattern etc. Basically, pattern of CFA plays important role in image quality of final image rendered by digital-camera. Therefore, an evaluation system capable of quantitatively evaluating CFA is needed. This paper proposes a novel evaluation system using existing and proposed image metrics for evaluating CFAs of digital-camera. Proposed CFA evaluation system consist of color difference in CIELAB and S-CIELAB, Structure SImilarity (SSIM), MTF50, moire starting point (MSP), and subjective preference (SP). MSP and SP are newly designed for the proposed evaluation system. Proposed evaluation system is expressed in polar coordinates to analyze the characteristics of CFA objectively and intuitively. Through simulations, we confirmed that proposed CFA evaluation system can objectively assess performance of developed CFAs.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.983-993
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• 2021

Objective: To investigate the image quality of ultralow-dose CT (ULDCT) of the chest reconstructed using a cycle-consistent generative adversarial network (CycleGAN)-based deep learning method in the evaluation of pulmonary tuberculosis. Materials and Methods: Between June 2019 and November 2019, 103 patients (mean age, 40.8 ± 13.6 years; 61 men and 42 women) with pulmonary tuberculosis were prospectively enrolled to undergo standard-dose CT (120 kVp with automated exposure control), followed immediately by ULDCT (80 kVp and 10 mAs). The images of the two successive scans were used to train the CycleGAN framework for image-to-image translation. The denoising efficacy of the CycleGAN algorithm was compared with that of hybrid and model-based iterative reconstruction. Repeated-measures analysis of variance and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were performed to compare the objective measurements and the subjective image quality scores, respectively. Results: With the optimized CycleGAN denoising model, using the ULDCT images as input, the peak signal-to-noise ratio and structural similarity index improved by 2.0 dB and 0.21, respectively. The CycleGAN-generated denoised ULDCT images typically provided satisfactory image quality for optimal visibility of anatomic structures and pathological findings, with a lower level of image noise (mean ± standard deviation [SD], 19.5 ± 3.0 Hounsfield unit [HU]) than that of the hybrid (66.3 ± 10.5 HU, p < 0.001) and a similar noise level to model-based iterative reconstruction (19.6 ± 2.6 HU, p > 0.908). The CycleGAN-generated images showed the highest contrast-to-noise ratios for the pulmonary lesions, followed by the model-based and hybrid iterative reconstruction. The mean effective radiation dose of ULDCT was 0.12 mSv with a mean 93.9% reduction compared to standard-dose CT. Conclusion: The optimized CycleGAN technique may allow the synthesis of diagnostically acceptable images from ULDCT of the chest for the evaluation of pulmonary tuberculosis.