• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.29 no.3 s.54
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• pp.539-553
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• 1996

The study was conducted from May to September in 1994 to investigate applicability of the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly-Screening version(HHIE-S) in parallel with the pure-tone audiometer to the initial screening test of noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL) in some noise-exposed workers. Subjects were selected by systemic sampling that took every 10th person from 6, 700 workers taking the annual occupational health examination by the department of Health Maintenance of Dongsan Hospital Keimyung University in Taegu. The authors administered the pure-tone audiometric test and self-reported questionnaire of HHIE-S including items of sociodemographic and job-related variables concurrently. The final subjects analysed were 1,019(488 males and 531 females) excluding fourteen persons who had many missing values in their questionnaires. The reliability coefficients of HHIE-S scale by Cronbach's alpha were 0.84. In the univariate analysis of hearing handicap measured by the HHIE-S, work duration, military service and the hearing threshold loss at 1KHz and 4KHz by the initial audiometer were significant in males while age, work duration and hearing threshold loss at 1KHz and 4KHz were significant in females. In the stepwise linear regression analysis, hearing threshold loss at 1KHz and 4KHz, was the only selected variable explaining the hearing handicap in males and hearing threshold loss at 1KHz and 4KHz, age, and work duration were selected in females. In ROC curves for HHIE-S scores against NIHL as gold standard which was defined by the follow-up audiogram as more than 30dB of the average of 0.5/1/2KHz and 50dB at 4KHz, the optimal cutoff for the parallel HHIE-S appeared to be 8. The results suggest that HHIE-S appeared to have some reliability and validity in this data and might be used in screening NIHL in parallel with pure-tone audiometer in noise-exposed workers.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.292-299
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate parental knowledge and attitude and practices relating to infant oral health care and to promote their motivations to their children's oral health care. Authors interviewed 350 persons in Ilwon-Dong and whose children were between 0 to 36 months old and acquired questionnaire from them. The questionnaire constituted of questions about general knowledge of tooth eruption, methods of oral hygiene care, and opinions about preventive dental visit. The collected data were analysed and compared with other researches. The important results obtained from this study were : 1. Females and highly educated persons had more dental knowledge than males and poorly educated persons. But age and economic status did not affect their level of dental knowledge. 2. Fifty nine percents of respondents thought that tooth began to be formed before birth. 3. Seventy six percents of respondents thought that infant oral health care should begin before tooth eruption, but actually only 63% started oral hygiene care before age one. 4. Seventy percents of respondents used gauze for infant oral care. 5. Fifty seven percents of respondents still gave bottles to their children after they reached age one or more and 55% of respondents never heard of nursing caries. 6. Ninety percents of respondents agreed that carious deciduous teeth need restorations, and 31% of respondents thought that age two is the appropriate time for the first dental visit. 7. Forty seven percents of parents did not think that dental caries is an infectious disease. 8. Only Thirty three percents of parents visited dental clinics for examination and prevention during pregnancy and only 11% of expecting parents were offered dental health care education in pediatric or obstetrician clincs. 9. Information about oral health care was mostly given from baby megazines. 10. Overall parental knowledge about infant oral health care was not sufficient to maintain appropriate dental care for infants.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.2189-2198
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• 2012

This study was designed to measure the difference in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among social classes and explore the factors that may explain it. Study subjects were 7,992 Korean adults aged 20-69 from the 4th (2007-2009) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys data. We described mean value of EQ-5D index as a HRQOL by class and performed hierarchical multiple regression analysis to find the factors. The result was as follows. In the distribution of EQ-5D index level among social classes, new middle class (class II) had the highest score (0.966 in men and 0.955 in women); upper and middle-upper class (class I) 0.965 in men and 0.936 in women; working class (class IV) 0.958 in men and 0.936 in women; old middle class (class III) 0.955 in men and 0.932 in women; low class (class VI) 0.941 in men and 0.908 in women; and rural self-management class (class V) the lowest score (0.918 in men and 0.866 in women). In men, chronic disease, job stress, education and income level were found to make the difference in the health-related quality of life among social classes; in women, those factors and health behavior explained the difference. In conclusion, the lower social class has lower HRQOL. Except for education and income level, chronic disease may be the major factor to explain the difference in the health-related quality of life among social classes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.67-75
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• 2022

The aim of this study is to establish a new QC method that can simultaneously evaluate the resolution of the x/y plane and the z-axis by producing a phantom that can reflect exposure and reconstruction parameter of MDCT system. It was used with Aquilion ONE(Cannon Medical System, Otawara, Japan), and the examination was scanned using of 120 kV, 260 mA, and the D-FOV of 300 mm². It produced new SSP phantom modules in which two aluminum plates inclined at 45° to a vertical axis and a transverse axis to evaluate high contrast resolution of x/y plane and z axis. And it changed factors such as the algorithm, distance from gantry iso-center. All images were reconstructed in five steps from 0.6 mm to 10.0 mm slice thickness to measure resolution of x/y plane and z-axis. The image data measured FWHM and FWTM using Profile tool of Aquarius iNtusion Edition ver. 4.4.13 P6 software(Terarecon, California, USA), and analysed SPQI and signal intensity by ImageJ program(v1.53n, National Institutes of Health, USA). It decreased by 4.09~11.99%, 4.12~35.52%, and 4.70~37.64% in slice thickness of 2.5 mm, 5.0 mm, and 10.0 mm for evaluating the high contrast resolution of x/y plane according to distance from gantry iso-center. Therefore, the high contrast resolution of the x/y plane decreased when the distance from the iso-center increased or the slice thickness increased. Additionally, the slice thicknesses of 2.5 mm, 5.0 mm, and 10.0 mm with a high algorithm increased 74.83, 15.18 and 81.25%. The FWHM was almost constant on the measured SSP graph for evaluating the accuracy of slice thickness which represents the resolution of x/y plane and z-axis, but it was measured to be higher than the nominal slice thickness set by user. The FWHM and FWTM of z-axis with axial scan mode tended to increase significantly as the distance increased from gantry iso-center than the helical mode. Particularly, the thinner slice thickness that increased error range compare with the nominal slice thickness. The SPQI increased with thick slice thickness, and that was closer to 90% in the helical scan than the axial scan. In conclusion, by producing a phantom suitable for MDCT detectors and capable of quantitative resolution evaluation, it can be used as a specific method in the management of research quality and management of outdated equipment. Thus, it is expected to contribute greatly to the discrimination of lesions in the field of CT imaging.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.476-484
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to report the clinical characteristics of glossodynia patients and effects of traditional Korean treatment on glossodynia and to gather data in order to carry out future study. Methods : We surveyed 40 glossodynia patients visiting the Department of Korean Internal Medicine of Stroke and Neurological Disorders Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong and analyzed their glossodynia questionnaires, examination results, and progression of symptoms. Results : In Glossodynia patients the average age was 62.4 years old. Glossodynia was more prevalent in females than males (5.67:1). Red tongue color, white fur, and fissured tongue were observed most often. The average glossodynia duration was 36.1 months and the average glossodynia degree was VAS 5.6. The most commonly appearing symptom was burning sense, and dryness of tongue. In Korean medicine diagnosis, Yin, deficiency, Tae-eum was most commonly diagnosed. In herbal medicine, Gamichungsim-tang was the most frequently prescribed. In laboratory tests, zinc deficiency was the most common result. In heart rate variability (HRV), average SDNN was 34.03 and average LF/HF ratio was 2.11. Of 40 patients, 23 completed treatment and their pain was relieved from average VAS 5.52 to VAS 3.63. Pre-and post-treatment results showed a significant difference. The average duration of treatment was 34.91 days. Conclusions : The results of this study suggest that Korean medical approach and treatment for glossodynia could be effective. Further study should be conducted for more valuable information.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.306-315
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• 2014

The purpose of this study in the case of stress recognition, the lower the age was, as they had a spouse, the higher they got educated, and the worse their subjective health state was, the higher the stress recognition appeared. this study selected 6,227 adults over the age of 19 from the 5th first-year data of Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHNES)conducted by KCDC(Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)in 2010. In the case of experience of depression symptoms, female subjects experienced more depression symptoms than male ones; study subjects aged between 19 and 54 years experienced more; the worse their subjective health state was, the more they experienced; and in the case of non-education about diabetics, those who did physical activity more than four days experienced more symptoms. In the case of suicide ideation, female subjects ideation suicide more than male ones; as they had no spouse, the lower they got educated, the worse their subjective health state was, and as they never did physical activity, they more experienced suicide ideation. Then, it is expected that the results of this study can contribute to chronic-disease patients'leading a much healthier life in the future.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.115-121
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• 2012

The aim of this study was to investigate the correlations between the self-reported symptoms of periodontal diseases and the quality of life. This study conducted its questionnaire survey over the subjects of 450 adults who had ever visited dental clinics among the adults of age 35-65 living in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do region from January 7 to March 14, 2010. The data were analyzed using a chi-square test, t-test, binominal logistic regression analysis in the SPSS version 12.0 program. Among the self-reported symptoms of periodontal diseases, 65% of respondents perceived that 'I bleed from the gums in brushing my teeth', which was the most, whereas 18.8% of respondents perceived to 'tooth mobility', which was the least. Self-reported symptoms of periodontal diseases was associated with socio-demographic characteristics such as sex, age, level of education and periodic oral examination, dental scaling(p<0.05). People who perceived the symptoms of periodontal diseases experienced functional limitation, physical pain, psychological discomfort, disability in diverse domains, and social handicap more than the group who did not perceive them(p<0.001). OHIP-14 scores were significantly correlated with sex, bleeding gums, swollen gums and bad breath(p<0.05). This study showed the self-reported periodontal problem had a negative impact on the public's leading their happy life. Therefore, in order to enhance the quality of life in adults, it is necessary to prevent periodontal diseases and reduce the subjective symptoms.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.278-290
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to investigate the association of total cholesterol levels (TC) and the incidence of hypercholesterolemia in response to changes in BMI. The subjects included a total of 28,249 industrial workers (25,548 male and 2,701 female) aged 30-69 years old who had received regular medical check-ups at least once per year from 2002 to 2012 (over 11 years). Data from this period were categorized into a first term (2002-2005), middle term (2006-2009), and last term (2010-2012). Then, the average TC was stratified by BMI, which was obtained from the initial examination results of each individual. In addition, average changes in TC were analyzed by stratifying with changes in BMI over 10 years (starting in 2002). The annual occurrence rates of hypercholesterolemia stratified by BMI were further assessed in patients with normal ranges of TC. In all three terms, the average TC was significantly elevated in the obese group ($25.0kg/m^2$) compared to the low weight group ($18.5kg/m^2$) and the normal weight group ($18.5-25.0kg/m^2$). Similarly, the group with higher BMI presented elevated rates of hypercholesterolemia compared to the groups with low BMI. In addition, increased BMI over the 10 year period significantly influenced TC. Consequently, it is suggested that evaluation and intervention for obesity control may be needed in order to manage the risk of high serum lipid levels.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.99-119
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• 2006

Objectives: This study intends to understand the difference within group of social support level and the effect of social support to health behaviors and health status of the elderly by selecting the old of local society as target. Methods: Data were obtained from self-administered questionnaire of 8,688 persons, older than 65 years, living in a community. We measured the sociodemographic characteristics, social support(family support, other support, quality of support), physical health state(subjective health status, number of chronic disease), physical function state(activities of daily living; ADL, instrumental activities of daily living; IADL), cognition state(mini-mental state examination-Korean; MMSE-K) and depression state(short form of geriatric depression scale; SGDS), health behaviors(smoking, drinking, exercise, eating habit). Univariate, multinominal logistic regression and covariance structure analysis were employed to analyze factors affecting on the social support of the elderly. Results: When considering the degree of social support by the sociodemographic characteristics of the older adults, the family support, other support and quality of support is better when the old is male, young, high education and self-reported living status is good and it has significance statistically. When considering the relation between social support and health status, the family support, other support and quality of support is better when the old's subjective and objective physical health status is good. The family support, other support and quality of support is better when the old's subjective health status is better. The other support and quality of support is better when the old's ADL(activities of daily living) and IADL(instrumental activities of daily living) are good. The family support, other support and quality of support is better when the old's cognitive function and depression state is better. When considering the relation between social support and health behaviors, in case of smoking and drinking, the quality of support, family support and other support is better when the old smokes and drinks rather than the old does not. In case of exercise and eating habit, the family support, other support and quality of support is better when the old exercises and eats regularly rather than the old does not. It has significance statistically. From the result of performing covariance structure analysis by structural equation modeling(SEM) with two endogenous variable(health behaviors and health status) and one exogenous variable(social support), factor loading of health status is 0.74 and factor loading of health behaviors is 0.05. The social support explains health status of 55.4% and health behaviors of 2.9%. Conclusions: This study has the meaning that it finds the difference of social support generating from inside of the group for the old residing in city and country and specifies the effect that the difference of social support influences to health status and health behaviors. From now on, in the development of health improvement strategy of the olds, it is necessary to approach from inclusive aspect while considering psychosocial factor such as social support and social economical factor as well as health status.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.359-364
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• 2011

Purpose: Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) is a rare condition characterized by a localized absence of skin, and it can be associated with other congenital anomalies. This study was done to evaluate clinical course and outcome of ACC in neonates. Methods: Based on the medical records, we retrospectively reviewed 8 neonates diagnosed with ACC at Cheil General Hospital and Women's Health Care Center, Kwandong university College of Medicine from January 2004 to December 2010. We classified ACC by Frieden's classification and analyzed the patient's demographic data, clinical course and outcome. Results: Among 8 patients with ACC, 5 patients were classified to group 1; scalp ACC without anomalies and 3 patients to group 7; ACC localized to extremities without blistering. Defect size was from 0.3 cm to 1.5 cm, limited in the superficial skin or subcutaneous tissue without associated anomalies. Defects were healed under conservative treatment with mild scar formation within four months. Conclusion: ACC could be diagnosed easily through physical examination in neonates. All cases showed good clinical outcome without surgical treatment. However because of small numbers and small sized defects of cases, further study including lesions of large size is needed.