• Asian Spine Journal
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.1053-1059
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• 2018

Study Design: Retrospective review. Purpose: To detect the effect of cannulated (poly-axial head) and solid (mono-axial head) screws on the local kyphotic angle, vertebral body height, and superior and inferior angles between the screw and the rod in the surgical management of thoracolumbar fractures. Overview of Literature: Biomechanics studies showed that the ultimate load, yield strength, and cycles to failure were significantly lower with cannulated (poly-axial head) pedicle comparing to solid core (mono-axial head). Methods: The medical charts of patients with thoracolumbar fractures who underwent pedicle screw fixation with cannulated or solid pedicle screws were retrospectively reviewed; the subjects were followed up from January 2011 to December 2015. Results: Total 178 patients (average age, $36.1{\pm}12.4years$; men, 142 [84.3%]; women, 28 [15.7%]) with thoracolumbar fractures who underwent surgery and were followed up at Hamad Medical Corporation were classified, based on the screw type as those with cannulated screws and those with solid screws. The most commonly affected level was L1, followed by L2 and D12. Surgical correction of the local kyphotic angle was significantly different in the groups; however, there was no significant difference in the loss of correction of the local kyphotic angle of the groups. Surgical correction of the reduction in the vertebral body height showed statistical significance, while the average loss of correction in the reduction of the vertebral body height was not significantly different. The measurement of the angles made by the screws on the rods was not significantly different between the cannulated (poly-axial head) and solid (mono-axial head) screw groups. Conclusions: Solid screws were superior in terms of providing increased correction of the kyphotic angle and height of the fractured vertebra than the cannulated screws; however, no difference was noted between the screws in the maintenance of the superior and inferior angles of the screw with the rod.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.15
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• pp.6303-6309
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• 2015

Differences in socioeconomic status (SES) such as income levels may partly explain why breast cancer screening (BCS) disparities exist in countries where health care services are free or heavily subsidized. However, factors that contribute to such differences in SES among women living in well resourced Middle East countries are not fully understood. This quantitative study investigated factors that influence SES and BCS of Arab women. Understanding of such factors can be useful for the development of effective intervention strategies that aim to increase BCS uptake among Arab women. Using data from a cross-sectional survey among 1,063 Arabic-speaking women in Qatar, age 35+, additional data analysis was performed to determine the relationship between socioeconomic indicators such as income and other factors in relation to BCS activities. This study found that income is determined and influenced by education level, occupation, nationality, years of residence in the country, level of social activity, self-perceived health status, and living area. Financial stress, unemployment, and unfavorable social conditions may impede women's participation in BCS activities in well resourced Middle East countries.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.4519-4528
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• 2013

Breast cancer incidence and mortality rates are increasing in the Arab world and the involved women are often diagnosed at advanced stages of breast cancer. This literature review explores factors influencing Arab women's breast cancer screening behavior. Searched databases were: Medline, PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL Plus, Google Scholar, Index Medicus for WHO Eastern Mediterranean, and Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention. Breast cancer screening participation rates are low. Screening programs are opportunistic and relatively new to the region. Knowledge amongst women and health care providers, professional recommendation, socio-demographic factors, cultural traditions, beliefs, religious, social support, accessibility and perceived effectiveness of screening influence screening behavior.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.362-372
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• 2020

Background: The non-saponin fraction of Korean Red Ginseng has been reported to have many biological activities. However, the effect of this fraction on anti-diabetic activity has not been elucidated in detail. In this study, we investigated the effects of KGC05P0, a non-saponin fraction of Korean Red Ginseng, on anti-diabetic activity in vitro and in vivo. Methods: We measured the inhibition of commercially obtained α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities in vitro and measured the glucose uptake and transport rate in Caco-2 cells. C57BL/6J mice and C57BLKS/J^db/db (diabetic) mice were fed diets with or without KGC05P0 for eight weeks. To perform the experiments, the groups were divided as follows: normal control (C57BL/6J mice), db/db control (C57BLKS/J^db/db mice), positive control (inulin 400 mg/kg b.w.), low (KGC05P0 100 mg/kg b.w.), medium (KGC05P0 200 mg/kg b.w.), and high (KGC05P0 400 mg/kg b.w.). Results: KGC05P0 inhibited α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities in vitro, and decreased glucose uptake and transport rate in Caco-2 cells. In addition, KGC05P0 regulated fasting glucose level, glucose tolerance, insulin, HbA1c, carbonyl contents, and proinflammatory cytokines in blood from diabetic mice and significantly reduced urinary glucose excretion levels. Moreover, we found that KGC05P0 regulated glucose production by down-regulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway, which inhibited gluconeogenesis. Conclusion: Our study thereby demonstrated that KGC05P0 exerted anti-diabetic effects through inhibition of glucose absorption and the PI3K/AKT pathway in in vitro and in vivo models of diabetes. Our results suggest that KGC05P0 could be developed as a complementary food to help prevent T2DM and its complications.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.167-168
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• 2000

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.91-114
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• 1996

In this research, the Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) was applied to measure production efficiency of Public Corporation Medical Centers(PCMCs) operating in Korea. The focus of this research is triple. First, identifing convenience and usefulness of DEA to measure the relative efficiency among PCMCs. Second, assessing magnitudes of the relative efficiency for each PCMC. Third, adding insights into some factors resulting inefficiency in PCMCs. Then, in this paper technical efficiency and scale efficiency measured by DEA[introduced by Charnes, Cooper, and Rhoides(1978) and Banker, Charnes, and Cooper(1984)] were analyzed and a new separate variable was introduced which makes it possible to determine whether operations were conducted in regions of increasing, constant or decresing returns to scale(in multiple input and output situations). And a multi-factor Tobit analysis was conducted to see which variables are associated with PCMC's efficiency.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.75-98
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• 2000

This study applied Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) and Ratio Analysis and Regression Analysis to a set of Korean Public Corporation Medical Centers to evaluate their relative human resource efficiencies. The output measure used in this study was based on health insurance system which was used in both in-patient departments and out-patient departments. Inputs included working time of the doctors, nurses, technicians, and managerial department staff. Based on the data provided on the inputs and outputs, the analysis showed 23 of the 34 hospitals to be relatively inefficient. Each hospital with an efficiency rating of less than 1 was considered relatively inefficient. In addition, managerial strategies based on dual variables were constructed to indicate the manner In which inefficient hospitals may be made efficient. A subsequent analysis of t-test revealed that the bed occupancy rate, medical revenue per 100beds, value added revenue per staff, medical revenue per staff were statistically significant. The results of this study suggest the DEA is a promising tool for evaluating relative human resource efficiency in hospitals which have multiple inputs and outputs and where the efficient production function is not specifiable with any precision. But it is considered that efficiency evaluations may be most effective]y accomplished by Incorporating a combination of methodologies such as ratio analysis and regression analysis.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.88-92
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• 2018

Osteochondroma (OC) is a cartilage-capped exostosis. In horses, OC commonly develops on the caudal distal metaphysis of the radius (CDMR). The purpose of study was to describe the outcomes of arthroscopy for the treatment of OC on CDMR. Diagnosis was based on clinical signs (lameness and distention of carpal sheath), radiography (location and size of OC), and ultrasonography (location of OC, torn deep digital flexor tendon, fibrin, and effusion of carpal sheath). Arthroscopy was performed on 68 Thoroughbred horses with OC on CDMR. Sixty of the 68 cases showed deep digital flexor tendinitis as a result of sharp protuberances of the OC. All horses survived, and 62 of the 68 cases returned to athletic function (racing) after arthroscopy. The present study demonstrated that arthroscopy is useful for treating OC of CDMR in horses.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.252-254
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• 2002

A new protocol for dosimetry in external beam radiotherapy is published by the Japan Society of Medical Physics (JSMP) in 2002. The protocol deals with proton and heavy ion beams as well as photon and electron beams, in accordance with IAEA Technical Report Series No. 398. To establish inter-institutional uniformity in proton beam dosimetry, an intercomparison program was carried out with the new protocol. The absorbed doses are measured with different cylindrical ionization chambers in a water phantom at a position of 30-mm residual range for a proton beam, that had range of 155 mm and a spread out Bragg peak (SOBP) of 60-mm width. As a result, the intercomparison showed that the use of the new protocol would improve the +/- 1.0 % (one standard deviation) and 2.7 % (maximum discrepancy) differences in absorbed doses stated by the participating institutions to +/- 0.3% and 0.9 %, respectively. The new protocol will be adopted by all of the participants.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.158-161
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• 1999