• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.12-19
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• 1999

To improve biopolymer productivity and properties of Bacillus strains, protoplast fusion was performed between biopolymer producing Bacillus subtilis K-1 and lactose utilizing Bacillus coagulans. The results were as follows; Protoplasts mixed in fusion fluid containing 33% PEG 6000, 1% PVP and 10 mM $CaCl_2$ were reacted for 5 min at $37^{\circ}C$ and then centrifused protoplasts were directly overlaid on the selective media containing $100\;{\mu}g/ml$ antibiotics and incubated for 3 days. At this conditions, the frequency of protoplast fusion was generally in the range of $4.6{\times}10^{-5}\;to\;1.8{\times}10^{-7}$ in ratio. Segregation ratio was observed between 1 to 6% indicating genetic stability of all the fusants. Fusants growth were also observed on the media contained amino acid and antibiotics as required marked materials. DNA contents of the selected fusants were 1.6 to 2.7 times more than that of parent strains. With observation by TEM microscopy, spherical protoplasts were first released from the swollen parental cells and then contracted to fuse in the process of fusion. And fused cells were observed representative vesicle. Originally, the parental cells were observed as in the morphology of thick-walled and double membrane-surrounded rod shape with TEM microscopy.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.117-124
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• 2014

As the contemporary times entered, the attention focused on the 'human's perception on a space' as much as on that a space's physical structure, so the meaning of a space became defined depending on how a person thought over and behaved in the space. As this age is the times of consilience and integration, a space accepts new technologies beyond being defined simply based on the space's structure and its shape and tries to provide different, 'strange experiences' from tho se felt by the human until now. Recently in the filed of space design, it can be seen that the spae design's connection with various technologies affects on considerable influence on the all fields of culture and arts like space marketings, media arts, exhibitions and performances as well as the buildings. Especially. the fusion of digital images and architecture is actively developed. Images possessing the moving light's attributes shine a city night and day and a building changes a city's appearance itself by adding new materials on the surface of building. It is the purpose of this study to study what new experiences the human gets and creates from his interaction with spaces based on such technological fusion. By studying some cases that used the digital media as a mediating instrument as the way presenting spatial experiences to the human, this study intended to identify what design factors were applied and to find appropriate directions for space desig in relation to what new trials can be done.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.205-208
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• 2022

Multi-exposure high dynamic range (HDR) image reconstruction, the task of reconstructing an HDR image from multiple low dynamic range (LDR) images in a dynamic scene, often produces ghosting artifacts caused by camera motion and moving objects and also cannot deal with washed-out regions due to over or under-exposures. While there has been many deep-learning-based methods with motion estimation to alleviate these problems, they still have limitations for severely moving scenes. They also require large parameter counts, especially in the case of state-of-the-art methods that employ attention modules. To address these issues, we propose a frequency domain approach based on the idea that the transform domain coefficients inherently involve the global information from whole image pixels to cope with large motions. Specifically we adopt Residual Fast Fourier Transform (RFFT) blocks, which allows for global interactions of pixels. Moreover, we also employ Depthwise Overparametrized convolution (DO-conv) blocks, a convolution in which each input channel is convolved with its own 2D kernel, for faster convergence and performance gains. We call this LFFNet (Lightweight Frequency Fusion Network), and experiments on the benchmarks show reduced ghosting artifacts and improved performance up to 0.6dB tonemapped PSNR compared to recent state-of-the-art methods. Our architecture also requires fewer parameters and converges faster in training.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.361-368
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• 2018

As autonomous driving research is rapidly developing, pedestrian detection study is also successfully investigated. However, most of the study utilizes color image datasets and those are relatively easy to detect the pedestrian. In case of color images, the scene should be exposed by enough light in order to capture the pedestrian and it is not easy for the conventional methods to detect the pedestrian if it is the other case. Therefore, in this paper, we propose deep neural network (DNN)-based multi-spectrum pedestrian detection method using color and thermal images. Based on single-shot multibox detector (SSD), we propose fusion network structures which simultaneously employ color and thermal images. In the experiment, we used KAIST dataset. We showed that proposed SSD-H (SSD-Halfway fusion) technique shows 18.18% lower miss rate compared to the KAIST pedestrian detection baseline. In addition, the proposed method shows at least 2.1% lower miss rate compared to the conventional halfway fusion method.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.327-338
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• 2017

Exposure fusion is a typical image fusion technique to generate a high dynamic range image by combining two or more different exposure images. In this paper, we propose block-based exposure adjustment considering unique characteristics of human visual system and improved saturation measure to get weight map. Proposed exposure adjustment artificially corrects intensity values of each input images considering human visual system, efficiently preserving details in the result image of exposure fusion. The improved saturation measure is used to make a weight map that effectively reflects the saturation region in the input images. We show the superiority of the proposed algorithm through subjective image quality, MEF-SSIM, and execution time comparison with the conventional exposure fusion algorithm.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.179-193
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• 1985

In order to find factors which are essential for the differentiation of chick embryonic myoblasts in culture, chick embryo extract was fractionated by ammonium sulfate or/and Sephadex G-75, and the effects of each fraction on the proliferation and fusion of the myoblasts were examined. The results obtained were as follows: (1) High concentration of embryo extract in the culture medium enhanced the cell proliferation and delayed the fusion of myoblasts. (2) The Sephadex G-75 fractions of embryo extract having proteins of molecular weight between 40,000 and 22,000 enhanced the proliferation and fusion of myoblasts when added to culture media. (3) The fraction of embryo extract precipitated in $60\\sim95%$ saturated ammonium sulfate solution enhanced evidently both the proliferation and fusion of myoblasts. Elution of this effective fraction by Sephadex G-75 showed similar elution profile and effects on the myoblast differentiation as those observed by Sephadex G-75 chromatography of the whole embryo extract, suggesting that the Sephadex fractions and ammonium sulfate fractions contain the same factors that enhance the proliferation and fusion of myoblasts.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.569-580
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• 2022

In this study, we investigated the effect of peripheral blur on binocular fusion to resolve binocular fusion failure which is one of the 3D visual fatigues in the perspective of human visual system. With stimulus having discrete disparity change, binocular fusion failure rate for target stimulus having crossed and uncrossed disparity decreased. And target stimulus having continuous disparity also required relatively larger binocular disparity when peripheral blur was presented with target stimulus rather than when peripheral blur was not presented. These results imply that peripheral blur facilitated binocular fusion in the situation of binocular disparity change, and suggest that considering the characteristics of human three-dimensional visual systems, manipulating 3D contents can improve visual discomfort caused by binocular displays at low costs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2016.06a
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• pp.54-55
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• 2016

개인이 실시간 방송을 할 수 있는 개인방송은 게임, 스포츠, 교육을 비롯하여 시대의 흐름을 고려한 요리, 다이어트 등과 같은 광범위한 미디어 콘텐츠를 생산하고 있다. 최근에는 실감형 콘텐츠를 위해 360도 카메라와 이를 마우스, 터치스크린, 자이로센서를 이용하여 제어하는 방식들이 소개되고 있다. 하지만 이러한 기술들을 활용해 더 많은 콘텐츠를 생산하기 위해서는 기술을 쉽게 사용할 수 있도록 제작자의 편리성을 고려한 기술 서비스의 제공이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 실감 콘텐츠 제작 편리성을 위한 개인방송용 NUI 기술 서비스에 대해 논하고자 한다. 콘텐츠의 다양성과 빠르게 변화하는 IoT 기기 확장성을 고려하여 이와 연동 가능한 제스처 인식, 음성 인식 등과 같은 비 접촉식 NUI 서비스 기술과 이를 활용해 방송 제공자가 편리하게 다양한 콘텐츠를 제공할 수 있는 서비스 개념도를 제안하고, 관련 API 설계에 대해 보인다. 본 연구를 통해 개인방송을 접하는 사람들의 편의성, 흥미를 만족시켜 다채로운 서비스를 제공할 수 있고 나아가 편리성을 고려한 NUI 서비스 가이드라인을 마련할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.109-112
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• 2020

Many devices are connected on the internet to give functionalities for interconnected services. In 2020', The number of devices connected to the internet will be reached 5.8 billion. Moreover, many connected service provider such as Google and Amazon, suggests edge computing and mesh networks to cope with this situation which the many devices completely connected on their networks. This paper introduces the current state of the introduction of the wireless mesh network and edge cloud in order to efficiently manage a large number of nodes in the exploding Internet of Things (IoT) network and introduces the existing Network Time Protocol (NTP). On the basis of this, we propose a relatively accurate time synchronization method, especially in heterogeneous mesh networks. Using this NTP, multiple time coordinators can be placed in a mesh network to find the delay error using the average delay time and the delay time of the time coordinator. Therefore, accurate time can be synchronized when implementing IoT, remote metering, and real-time media streaming using IoT mesh network.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.1087-1106
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• 2020

The emergence and development of innovative science and technology is changing lives at a rapid pace with the expansion of human perception. The development of the media extends the scope of activities of the body and the mind, realizing the imagination and challenging the limits of experience. In this process, the transformation of media into new forms such as disassembly, merging, and fusion have emerged that have resulted in the emergence of transmedia. In recent years, the fashion industry has responded quickly to trends and is actively engaged in transmedia communication activities. Among them, Gucci's media utilization strategy has attracted interest in the millennial generation. This study examines the strategy of transmedia storytelling by concentrating on the case of Gucci among luxury fashion brands that utilize media effectively in various aspects. It reveals the aspect of how the use of transmedia can be used to enjoy the story of fashion content and spread its value.