• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.147-151
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• 1976

A study was conducted during the period of August 13 to August 18, 1974 to obtain information on knowledge and attitude of the rural area housewife toward health care and antibiotics using. Interviewed 242 housewives dwelling in Soodong and Hwado Myun, Yangju Gun, Kyunggi Do, a typical rural area in Korea and the following results are obtained: 1. Of 242 housewives interviewed, 20.2% were illiteracy, 68.2% was graduated from primary school, 9.1% from middle school and 2.5% from high school. 2. Of those interviewed, 8.7% were Christian, 5.0% Bueldist, 2.9% Confucianism, and 83.4% of those were no religious preference. 3. Utility rate according with the kind of mass media in home was 85.1% of respondants possessed radio, 16.1% of magazine, 12.8% of newspaper, and 4.1% of television. 4. In the case of patients occure in a family, 13.0% out of 242 respondants had chosen physician's clinics for inicial medical care place, 58.4% drug stores, 0.9% herb medicine and 27.7% of those had chosen folk medicine at home. 5. Antibiotics effective complaints listed by the respondants were skin diseases with 43.8%, suppurated wound 30.0%, URI like symptoms 18.2%, diarrhea 14.5%, low back pain 12.9%, fever 6.2%, loss of appetite 3.3%, all kind of diseases 2.5%, urethral discharge 2.1% and tuberculosis 0.8% respectively. 6. Only 14.7% of respondants had obtained antibiotics for medical care from physician's clinics and 85.3% of the respondants had obtained antibioties from drug store (70.7%), village shop (10.4%), and salesmen in street market without any physician's prescription. 7. Eighty-nine percent of the respondants were understanding on patient care activity as the local health subcenter but only 11.0% of those on M.C.H., 29.0% of those on family planning, 21% on vaccination, and only 6.6% on tuberculosis control activity. 8. Utility rate of the local health subcenter was 71.9% out of the patients indicated medical care of medical facilities.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.125-135
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• 2009

Objectives: This study attempts to identify and categorize the types of collaboration that community health centers in Seoul planned to form in order to conduct health promotion programs. Methods: A content analysis was performed by reviewing the Phase 4 Community Health Plans for 2007-2010 of the 25 districts in Seoul. Results: In total, 614 cases of collaboration were identified which the community health centers in Seoul had planned for 2007-2010. These cases were grouped into 10 categories of collaboration activities: offering direct services through external venues utilizing external facilities; providing health education materials to partner agencies promoting health messages through media; running committees with collaborators inviting external experts; participating in external events; referring clients to external health services; connecting services; and miscellaneous. These types and cases were compared across community health promotion programs. Conclusion: Collaboration and partnership should be clearly defined for community health research and practice. Further research is needed to investigate the potential gap between plans for collaboration and actual collaboration activities, and to develop Korean models for collaboration building for community health promotion.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.179-213
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• 1984

The history of recording and conserving for maintenance the human's memory from ancient times to modern's has brought about a lot of changing process of the recorded information media with developing in culture, and each society has made important recorded materials in his library as essentially the social apparatus. But most of them that were damaged by factors of the natural disaster, humidity, temperature, light, fungi and insects in the library, and were resulted in deterioration and losing the numerous materials. For removing the inevitable phases repeated, there are studying for counterplan of the fundamental environment factors about preservation, restoration and chemical research of materials in advanced countries, but I get a few researches about protecting the cultural properties. Therefore I research the survey of the actual conditions on 72 university libraries centering around them, and then I have researched the collection rate 81 percent, 58 university libraries. (local : 35, in seoul : 23) As the result of this research, I propose the model of the environment factors of conserving the library materials. 1) To apply the equipment of processing the radiant energy to the new construction and buildings. 2) To remove factors that occur fungi and insects by facilities being controlled relative humility, temperature, and to equip the ventilation arrangement in the library. 3) To shelve all acquired and bound materials after proceeding the vacuum fumigator. 4) Those who want to enter into the library stack were surely taken in sterilzing their hands and shoes, and must put on the gown. 5) To use the vacuum dusting thing (machine) for removing the dust without spreading out the floor of the library at any time. 6) To set up the gas automatic fire extinguisher worked by smoke sensor. 7) To assist the research into the preservation, natures and environment of recorded materials, and to supply financial funds for librarian. 8) To hold regularly the workshop be able to educate the methods of preservation materials by the constant system. (Library Association) 9) To add to responsibilities on certification of preservation materials for librarian. 10) To hold the constant committee system in each library. 11) To keep up with the ideal environment (humidity, temperature, light, ventilation, etc.) of preservation materials in the arrangement room, and to put on the gown.

• Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.158-168
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• 2016

During the installation of crude oil or gas pipelines, which pass through onshore buried pipelines or onshore pipeline from subsea pipeline to onshore plant, countermeasures need to be implemented so as to ensure a sufficient design life by protecting the steel pipes against corrosion. This can be achieved through impressed current cathodic protection method for onshore pipelines and through galvanic sacrificial anode corrosion protection method for offshore pipelines. In particular, in the case of impressed current cathodic protection, isolation joint flanges should be used. However, this makes maintenance control difficult with its installation having a negative impact on price. Therefore, in this study, the most suitable methodology for onshore pipeline protection between galvanic sacrificial anode corrosion protection and impressed current cathodic protection method will be introduced. In oil and gas transportation facilities, the media can be carried to the end users via onshore buried and/or offshore pipeline. It is imperative for the field operators, pipeline engineers, and designers to be corrosion conscious as the pipelines would undergo material degradations due to corrosion. The mitigation can be achieved with the introduction of an impressed current cathodic protection method for onshore buried pipelines and a galvanic sacrificial anode corrosion protection method for offshore pipelines. In the case of impressed current cathodic protection, isolation joint flanges should be used to discontinuity. However, this makes maintenance control to be difficult when its installation has a negative impact on the price. In this study, the most suitable corrosion protection technique between galvanic sacrificial anode corrosion protection and impressed current cathodic protection is introduced for (economic life of) onshore buried pipeline.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.390-397
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• 2021

디지털 트윈 기술을 다양한 산업 분야에 응용함에 따라 대용량 데이터를 효과적으로 처리하기 위한 기술들이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 지하 공동구 관리를 위한 대용량 데이터를 고속 검색하고 효과적인 전달을 위한 맞춤형 서비스 방안에 대해 논한다. 제안하는 방안은 크게 두 가지로 방대한 데이터를 효율적으로 검색하고 축약해서 보여주기 위한 고속 검색 데이터 생성 방법과 맞춤형 정보 서비스 분할 방법에 대해 제안한다. 고속 검색 데이터 생성에서는 지하 공동구 내 센서들에 의해 수집되는 시계열 분석을 위한 동기화 과정에 대해 구성과 데이터 축약에 따른 부가정보 방안에 대해서 논한다. 사용자 맞춤형 서비스 방법에서는 평상시와 재난 시의 사용자 유형을 정의하고 그에 따른 서비스하는 방법에 대해 논한다. 본 연구를 통해 재난 상황에서 대용량 데이터를 효과적으로 검색하고 서비스 받을 수 있는 지하 공동구 관리를 위한 데이터 생성과 서비스 모델에 대한 체계성을 갖출 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.128-136
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• 2021

It is generally known that a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) consumes immense energy even if it can produce energy. With an aim to increase the energy independence rate of WWTP from 3.5% in 2010 to 50% in 2030, the Korean government has invested enormous research funds. In this study, cost-effective operating alternatives were investigated by analyzing the energy efficiency and economic feasibility for biogas and power generation using new and renewable energy. Based on the US EPA Energy Conservation Measures and Korea ESCO projects, energy production and independence rate were also analyzed. The main energy consumption equipment in WWTP is the blower for aeration, discharge pump for effluent, and pump for influent. Considering the processes of WWTP, the specific energy consumption rate of the process using media and MBR was the lowest (0.549 kWh/㎥) and the highest (1.427 kWh/㎥), respectively. Energy-saving by enhancing anaerobic digester efficiency was turned out to be efficient when in conjunction with stable wastewater treatment. The result of economic analysis (B/C ratio) was 2.5 for digestive gas power generation, 0.86 for small hydropower, 0.49 for solar energy, and 0.15 for wind energy, respectively. Furthermore, it was observed that the energy independence rate could be enhanced by installing energy production facilities such as solar and small hydropower and reducing energy consumption via the replacement of high-efficiency operating.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.1039-1048
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• 2020

Food waste causes various economic losses and environmental pollution problems such as soil pollution and groundwater pollution. Food waste has been used as a resource in various forms and has been used mostly for feed and composting. This study compared microalgal nutrient medium (BG-11) with food waste compost to determine the possibility of using it as a culture medium. Scenedesmus quadricauda was isolated and cultured in an eutrophic reservoir and incubated for 3 days in distilled water before laboratory use. Food waste compost was produced in two food waste processing facilities, and hot water was extracted in the laboratory to be used for microalgae cultivation. The growth curve of the microalgae was analyzed based on the Chl-a concentration measured during the experiment, and the growth rate of the microalgae grown in the food waste compost was compared with the growth rate of those grown in the nutrient medium. Food waste compost showed a similar growth rate to that of the nutrient medium, and there was a difference depending on the manufacturing facility. The growth of microalgae in such food waste was further amplified when trace elements were added and showed better growth than that of the nutrient media. Particularly, when trace elements were added, the growth rate increased, and the growth period was further extended. Therefore, food waste compost can be sufficiently utilized as a microalgal culture medium, and if trace elements are added, it is considered that microalgae can be more effectively cultured compared to the existing nutrient medium.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2018

This research is to analyze the public cases of information facilities in terms of central circulations in multi level volumes such as atrium or court which provide visual intervention between different spaces and physical connections such as bridges. Hunt Library design balances the understood pre-existing needs with the University's emerging needs to create a forward-thinking learning environment. While clearly a contemporary structure within a traditional context of the NCSU campus, the Hunt Library provides a positive platform for influencing its surroundings. Both technical and programmatic innovations are celebrated as part of the learning experience and provide a versatile and stimulating environment for students. Public library as open spaces connecting to an interactive social domain over communities can provide variety of learning environments, or technology based labs. There are many cases of the public information spaces with dynamic networks where participants can play their roles in physical space as well as in the intellectual stimulation. In the research, new public projects provide typologies of information spaces with user oriented media. The research is to address a creative transition between the reading space and the experimental links of the integration of state-of-the-art technology is highly visible in the building's design. The user-friendly browsing system that replaces the traditional browsing with the virtual shelves classified and archived by their form, is to reduce the storage space of the public library and it is to allow more space for collaborative learning. In addition to the intelligent robot of information storages, innovative features is the large-scale visualization space that supports team experiments to carry out collaborative online works and therefore the public library's various programs is to provide visitors with more efficient participatory environment.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.11-28
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• 2021

As untact travel has become a new trend in leisure culture due to the spread of COVID-19, car camping market is rapidly increasing. The sales of car camping-related goods increased by up to 600 percent, and the sales of SUV in Korea also increased by about four times. Despite the growth of the car camping market, there is a lack of research on the actual condition of the car camping market or research on the user's perspective. Therefore, in this study, a survey of actual camping users was conducted to derive factors that they consider important in camping, and through this, a car camping map was produced. As a result, two types of maps were produced: a map about the car camping site and convenience facilities closest to the car camping site in Gangwon-do, and a hash tag themed map based on keywords for each car camping site. We gathered data on portal sites and social media to obtain information related to camping sites and proceeded with analysis using text mining. In addition, we extracted keywords using network analysis techniques and selected key themes that represent them. This allows the user to choose a car camping site by selecting keywords that suit their taste. We hope that this research will help car camping researchers as a prior study and provide a foundation for leading a clean camping culture through clean camping campaign. Also, we hope that car camping users will be able to do quality trip.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to reduce the probability of occurrence of electric fires as a preemptive preventive measure, and to strengthen the capability of preventing electric fires by strengthening the cooperative function between electric fire-related departments and establishing a cooperative system. In this study, the general aspects of electric fires were identified by reviewing the literature such as ignition mechanisms of electric fires. And the major electrical fires that occurred in the last 10 years were classified into ignition factors (short circuit, overload/overcurrent, and earth leakage/ground fault) and ignition sources (wiring/wiring appliances, electrical equipment/household appliances). And the 4M technique was used to analyze the potential causes of ignition at the fire site and to suggest preventive measures. In the case In this study, out of 48 electrical fires in the past 10 years, 16 short-circuit fires, 3 overload/overcurrent fires, 3 short-circuit and earth fault fires, 16 fires in wiring/wiring appliances, and 10 fires in electrical equipment/home appliances classified as cases. And prevention measures were presented in terms of human, machine, media, and management by using the 4M technique. For the preemptive prevention of electric fires, strengthening the compulsory electrical safety inspection and making it mandatory to report when new or expanding electric facilities, charging a fee for electric safety inspection for detached houses and granting benefits subject to inspection completion, improvement of the electric safety voluntary inspection table and safety indications; It was suggested as a policy to organize and operate electrical safety inspection personnel in a two-person team (mixed), establish a close work cooperation system with related organizations, and strengthen electrical safety education and publicity.