• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.58-61
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• 2006

The object of this study was to develop an advanced method for fluid flow and oxygen transmission and increase adhesive property of microorganism to waste plastic vessel that was made of microorganism media. Through lab scale experiments, we found the optimum packed media volume rate and method, and when the optimum condition was applied to pilot plant, we confirmed possibility of advanced treatment. The sewage that was used in the test was the sewage disposal facility established in C and K elementary schools, which utilized waste plastic media oxidation engineering method. Analysis showed that removal efficiency of organic matter, SS, T-N and T-P was very high, that the sewage disposal facility maintained stability of treatment when changeable load of raw sewage flowed in.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.334-342
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• 2022

Nowadays, as we can notice on social media, most users choose to use more than one language in their online postings. Thus, social media analytics needs reviewing as code-switching analytics instead of traditional analytics. This paper aims to present evidence comparable to the accuracy of code-switching analytics techniques in analysing the mood state of social media users. We conducted a systematic literature review (SLR) to study the social media analytics that examined the effectiveness of code-switching analytics techniques. One primary question and three sub-questions have been raised for this purpose. The study investigates the computational models used to detect and measures emotional well-being. The study primarily focuses on online postings text, including the extended text analysis, analysing and predicting using past experiences, and classifying the mood upon analysis. We used thirty-two (32) papers for our evidence synthesis and identified four main task classifications that can be used potentially in code-switching analytics. The tasks include determining analytics algorithms, classification techniques, mood classes, and analytics flow. Results showed that CNN-BiLSTM was the machine learning algorithm that affected code-switching analytics accuracy the most with 83.21%. In addition, the analytics accuracy when using the code-mixing emotion corpus could enhance by about 20% compared to when performing with one language. Our meta-analyses showed that code-mixing emotion corpus was effective in improving the mood analytics accuracy level. This SLR result has pointed to two apparent gaps in the research field: i) lack of studies that focus on Malay-English code-mixing analytics and ii) lack of studies investigating various mood classes via the code-mixing approach.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.113-128
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• 2022

The objective of this study is to pay attention to the personal media environment that is in the center of rapid changes in the media industry, to especially explore the activity area of one-person or minority media creators who lead the mobile media environment that could be connected, watched, and produced anywhere, and to closely examine the mutual ecosystem between creators and viewers. Especially, paying attention to the recommendation service YouTube provides, for example, based on the big data algorithm related to users' habitual use, when users' data used are provided more, the users face the advanced service, this study aimed to examine the effects of recommendation service on the formation of trust between user and producer, user flow, and subscription intention, and also to demonstrate the process of forming this mutual relation through concrete data. In the conclusion, implications that can be inferred based on the research results and suggestions for further research in the future were presented.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.908-920
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• 2014

As social networking service (SNS) users' needs and wants have become more diverse, SNS is designed to provide various services and functions. As a result, an image based SNS with the purpose of sharing various interests has emerged. More and more fashion companies are using image based SNS to use it as a medium to better communicate with their customers. This study investigates the effect of usage motivation of image based SNS with the emotion of pleasure as the mediator and its impact towards flow and brand attitude. In order to verify the research model and to test the proposed hypotheses, we conducted a pilot test on 8 image based SNS heavy users, and followed through with 215 questionnaires which were collected via online survey. The results of this study are as follows. Each usage motivation of image based SNS had significant effect on each pleasure. The visual impact had a positive effect on sensory pleasure and the common interest significantly influenced on user's affective preference. Curating, simplicity and interconnecting had a positive effect on cognitive pleasure. Affective and cognitive pleasures except sensory pleasure positively impacted the user on flow. The cognitive pleasure had a positive effect on the brand attitude. Lastly, flow had a positive effect on the brand attitude. This study is the foundation of the image based SNS academically in the new media research. Furthermore, it suggests managerial implications of a company to provide effective marketing strategy to make the best use of image based SNS.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.297-307
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• 2020

In the study, energy flow analysis is performed to predict the performance of silencers. To date, deterministic approaches such as finite element method have been widely used for silencer analysis. However, they have limitations in analyzing large structures and mid-high frequency ranges due to unreasonable computational costs and errors. However, silencers used for ships and off-shore plants are much larger than those used in other engineering fields. Hence, energy governing equation, which is significantly efficient for systems with high modal density, is solved for silencers in ships and off-shore plants. The silencer is divided into two different acoustic media, air and absorption materials. The discontinuity of energy density at interfaces is solved via hypersingular integrals for the 3-D modified Helmholtz equation to analyze multi-domain problems with the energy flow boundary element method. The method is verified by comparing the measurements and analysis results for ship silencers over mid-high frequency ranges. The comparisons confirm good agreement between the measurement and analysis results. We confirm that the applied analysis method is useful for large silencers in mid-high frequency ranges. With the proven procedures, energy flow analysis can be performed for various types of silencer used in ships and off-shore plants in the first stage of the design.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.448-461
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• 2017

This paper proposes a vehicle counting and speed estimation method for traffic situation analysis in road CCTV videos. The proposed method removes a distortion in the images using Inverse perspective Mapping, and obtains specific region for vehicle counting and speed estimation using lane detection algorithm. Then, we can obtain vehicle counting and speed estimation results from using optical flow at specific region. The proposed method achieves stable accuracy of 88.94% from several CCTV images by regional groups and it totally applied at 106,993 frames, about 3 hours video.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.49-55
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• 2003

Total phosphorous removal rate was examined of a subsurface-flow treatment wetland system which was constructed on floodplain in the down reach of the Kwangju Stream in Korea from May to June 2001. Its dimensions were 29 meter in length, 9 meter in width and 0.65 meter in depth. A bottom layer of 45 cm in depth was filled with crushed granite with about 15~30 mm in diameter and a middle layer of 10 cm in depth had pea pebbles with about 10 mm in diameter. An upper layer of 5 cm in depth contained course sand. Reeds(Phragmites australis) were transplanted on the surface of the system. They were dug out of natural wetlands and stems were cut at about 40 cm height from their bottom ends. Water of the Kwangju Stream flowed from a submerged dam into it via a pipe by gravity flow and treated effluent was funneled back into the Stream. The number of reed stems increased from 80 stems/$m^2$ in July 2001 to 136 stems/$m^2$ in September 2001. The hight of stems was 44.2 cm in July 2001 and 75.3 cm in September 2001. The establishment of reeds at early operating stage of the system was good. Volume and water quality of inflow and outflow were investigated from July 2001 through December 2001. The average inflow was 40 $m^3$/day and hydraulic detention time was about 1.5 days. The concentration of total phosphorous n influent and effluent was 0.83 and 0.33 mg/L, respectively. The removal rate of total phosphorous averaged about 60%. The removal efficiency was slightly higher, compared with that of subsurface-flow wetlands operating in North America, whose retention rate of total phosphorous was reported to be about 56%. The good abatement rate could be attributed to sedimentation of particle phosphorous in pores of the media and adsorption of phosphorous to the biofilm developed on the surface of them. Increase of standing density of reeds within a few years will develop root zones which may lead to increment in the phosphorous retention rate.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.817-826
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• 2012

This paper presents a robust viewpoint estimation algorithm for Moving Parallax Barrier mobile 3D display in sudden illumination changes. We analyze the previous viewpoint estimation algorithm that consists of the Viola-Jones face detector and the feature tracking by the Optical-Flow. The sudden changes in illumination decreases the performance of the Optical-flow feature tracker. In order to solve the problem, we define a novel performance measure for the Optical-Flow tracker. The overall performance can be increased by the selective adoption of the Viola-Jones detector and the Optical-flow tracker depending on the performance measure. Various experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.923-932
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• 2011

Because of the instability of a flow pattern in the inlet transition square duct (hereinafter referred to as "transition duct") of a heat recovery steam generator (hereinafter referred to as "HRSG") in a combined cycle power plant, the Reynolds number in the first row of a tube bank is differs sharply from that in the sectional area of the transition duct. This causes differences in the heat flux in each tube in the tube bank. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) predictions provide three-dimensional results for velocity, temperature, and other flow parameters over the entire domain of the duct and HRSG. A renormalization group theory (RNG) based k-${\epsilon}$�� turbulent model is used for obtaining the results cited in this study. A porous media option is used for modeling the tube banks and the number of transfer units method is used for determining the heat transfer characteristics. This study describes a comparison between the numerical simulation results and actual design output.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.128-135
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• 2005

This study was done to improve the effectiveness of nitrification and denitrification using the aeration-anoxic combination method using CFSTR(continuous-flow stirred-tank reactor) attached with an anoxic reactor filled with a media. In order to calculate the concentration of nitric acid within the aeration tank proportional to the anoxic rate within the reactor, supernatant within the inflow and precipitation tanks were influxed into the anoxic reactor. The rate of nitrogen removal was calculated using the concentration of inflow and flow of returned supernatant. From the results of this experiment, the carbon source needed in the anoxic reactor came from the inflow so that anoxification was achieved completely using the inflow source without the introduction of an external carbon source. However, as the ratio of nitric acid becomes large in inflow and nitric acid flow, the carbon source within the input source decreases so that the concentration of carbon source is important.