• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.202-211
• /
• 2007

Ventilation system is being recommended as an effective tool to improve indoor air quality (IAQ) in apartment houses. Recently, in Korea, apartment house suppliers must establish ventilation system in apartment houses in law. In this study, improvement of IAQ by establishing mechanical ventilation system at apartment house was investigated by mockup test. Seven apartment houses were arranged for the test and improvement of IAQ was examined under the various conditions of ventilation rates, ventilator type and duct works. The results of this study show that IAQ in the test houses which were established mechanical ventilation system was improved about from 30% to 40% compared with IAQ in the apartment house which was not established ventilation system. However, there were no apparent concentration differences between the cases of changing ventilation rates, ventilator types and ductworks.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.232-241
• /
• 2016

Installing a ventilator for an apartment house composed of over 100 dwelling units was mandated in 2006 to improve indoor air quality. In the case of mechanical ventilators, the air change rate is kept stable, however 68% of dwellers do not operate their ventilator because of an increased electrical bill and noise. In the case of natural ventilators, the former problems are settled, but there are concerns about cold draught and an increase of heating/cooling cost. Authors are developing a heat recovery type natural ventilator which is a natural ventilator equipped with total heat recovery element, and it is expected that those problems of mechanical ventilator and natural ventilator are resolved by this. The combined type diffuser of this study is an under developed fit to the heat recovery type natural ventilator above. There are no standards to evaluate the performance for this type of diffuser. Due to this issue this study investigated the performance of the ventilation and maintained a thermal environment for the combined type diffuser by comparing it with existing diffusers. The results revealed that the performances of the combined type of diffusers showed different features from the existing ones, and was estimated to be high enough in the performances above.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.76-83
• /
• 2022

Purpose: Ventilator-associated pneumonia is the most common nosocomial infection in patients with mechanical ventilation. In 2013, the new concept of ventilator-associated events (VAEs) replaced the traditional concept of ventilator-associated pneumonia. We analyzed risk factors for VAE occurrence and in-hospital mortality in trauma patients who received mechanical ventilatory support. Methods: In this retrospective review, the study population comprised patients admitted to the Jeju Regional Trauma Center from January 2020 to January 2021. Data on demographics, injury characteristics, and clinical findings were collected from medical records. The subjects were categorized into VAE and no-VAE groups according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/National Healthcare Safety Network VAE criteria. We identified risk factors for VAE occurrence and in-hospital mortality. Results: Among 491 trauma patients admitted to the trauma center, 73 patients who received ventilator care were analyzed. Patients with a chest Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) score ≥3 had a 4.7-fold higher VAE rate (odds ratio [OR], 4.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.46-17.9), and those with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <75 mL/min/1.73 m² had 4.1-fold higher odds of VAE occurrence (OR, 4.15; 95% CI, 1.32-14.1) and a nearly 4.2-fold higher risk for in-hospital mortality (OR, 4.19; 95% CI, 1.30-14.3). The median VAE-free duration of patients with chest AIS ≥3 was significantly shorter than that of patients with chest AIS <3 (P=0.013). Conclusions: Trauma patients with chest AIS ≥3 or GFR <75 mL/min/1.73 m² on admission should be intensively monitored to detect at-risk patients for VAEs and modify the care plan accordingly. VAEs should be closely monitored to identify infections early and to achieve desirable results. We should also actively consider modalities to shorten mechanical ventilation in patients with chest AIS ≥3 to reduce VAE occurrence.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.231-239
• /
• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of web-based learning for ventilator practice on the knowledge and clinical competence of nursing students. Method: The research design was a non-equivalent control group pre-post non-synchronized design. Twenty five nursing students were collected for the experimental group from August 23 to November 26, 2004 and nineteen nursing students for the control group from August 22 to November 25, 2005. All subjects experienced clinical practices in an intensive care unit of a hospital in G city for 2 weeks. The web-based learning for ventilator practice was conducted in the experimental group only. The data were analyzed with t-test and ANCOVA using SPSS 10.1 program. Result: The 2 week web-based clinical practice learning significantly improved the knowledge scores for the experimental group, however, there was no significant differences in the score for the clinical competence between experimental and control group. Conclusion: These findings suggest that a self-directed web-based learning for ventilator practice of nursing students can facilitate the knowledge of care for a ventilated patient. Therefore, faculties should develop a variety of web-based multimedia content programs for clinical instruction based on clinical situation.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.61 no.2
• /
• pp.59-63
• /
• 2018

Purpose: Cardiomyopathy is becoming the leading cause of death in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy because mechanically assisted lung ventilation and assisted coughing have helped resolve respiratory complications. To clarify cardiopulmonary function, we compared cardiac function between the home ventilator-assisted and non-ventilator-assisted groups. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy from January 2010 to March 2016 at Gangnam Severance Hospital. Demographic characteristics, pulmonary function, and echocardiography data were investigated. Results: Fifty-four patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy were divided into 2 groups: home ventilator-assisted and non-ventilator-assisted. The patients in the home ventilator group were older ($16.25{\pm}1.85years$) than those in the nonventilator group ($14.73{\pm}1.36years$) (P=0.001). Height, weight, and body surface area did not differ significantly between groups. The home ventilator group had a lower seated functional vital capacity ($1,038{\pm}620.41mL$) than the nonventilator group ($1,455{\pm}603.2mL$). Mean left ventricular ejection fraction and fractional shortening were greater in the home ventilator group, but the data did not show any statistical difference. The early ventricular filling velocity/late ventricular filling velocity ratio ($1.7{\pm}0.44$) was lower in the home ventilator group than in the nonventilator group ($2.02{\pm}0.62$. The mitral valve annular systolic velocity was higher in the home ventilator group (estimated ${\beta}$, 1.06; standard error, 0.48). Patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy on a ventilator may have better systolic and diastolic cardiac functions. Conclusion: Noninvasive ventilator assistance can help preserve cardiac function. Therefore, early utilization of noninvasive ventilation or oxygen may positively influence cardiac function in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of oral hygiene for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) incidence. Methods: This study was used a nonequivalent control group posttest design. This study was performed in two groups, experimental group and control group. The experimental group (36 patients) had performed oral care for 6 times a day. The control group (39 patients) had followed and 3 times oral care a day. Participants were patients of 20 years of age or older on mechanical ventilation more than 48 hours from July 5 to October 31 in 2007 at the medical and surgical ICU of C university hospital. Results: VAP occurred in 5 cases in the control group, while only 1 case occurred in the experimental group. Incidence for 1000 ventilator day was 12.59 in the control group and 2.18 in the experimental group. Conclusion: Nursing intervention of 6 times oral care a day proved to decrease incidence of VAP. A guideline should be made using the above nursing intervention for the critical ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.78-80
• /
• 1995

We report the thoracoscopic resection of thymus and pericardial fat tissue in a patient who was in the setting of late severe myasthenia gravis[Osserman`s Group II-C-2 and previous tracheostomy state. The patient was 33-year-old female. She had been supported with mechanical ventilator for 88 days and suffered from recurrent pneumonia. Our first aim was to weaning her from mechanical ventilator. Traditional methods such as median sternotomy or transcervial thymectomy or transsternal sternotomy were difficult because of the anticipating complications of mediastinitis or morbidity, especially chest pain, following thoracotomy. We could wean her from the mechanical ventilator at postoperative 9 days. So, we concluded that video-assisted thoracoscopic thymectomy is a useful alternative tool in this case.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.95-106
• /
• 2016

A method of optimization design for the blade profile of a centrifugal impeller by controlling velocity distribution is presented, and a plenum fan is successfully designed. This method is based on the inner flow calculation inside the centrifugal impeller, and is related to the distribution of relative velocity. The results show that after optimization, the boundary layer separation on the suction surface has been inhibited and the stability of plenum fan is improved. The flow at the impeller outlet is also studied, and the jet-wake pattern at the impeller outlet is improved obviously by optimization. The calculation result shows that the static pressure and static pressure efficiency can be increased by 15.4% and 21.4% respectively.

• Journal of Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.224-231
• /
• 2018

Purpose: This study was to analyze the factors affecting ventilator-associated pneumonia with severe trauma patients. Methods: This study conducted from May 1, 2018 to May 31, 2018 based on the medical records of the intensive care unit of a university hospital from May 1, 2017 to April 30, 2018 in Gangwon province. The inclusion criteria were 1) Trauma intensive care unit patient, 2) older than 19 years 3) without pneumonia at the time of admission. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive, correlation analysis, ANOVA, t-tests, $x^2$-tests and regression. Results: The severe trauma patients had a total of 2,877 days receiving ventilator, and nine VAP cases. The overall infection rate was 4.0%, and the VAP incidence rate was 3.13 per 1000 ventilator days. VAP in severe trauma patient affected ICU stay(OR=1.03), mechanical ventilator applied day(OR=1.04). Conclusion: Therefore, the development of an individualized VAP prevention bundle and nursing intervention for patients with trauma will be needed and further studies. In addition, there were no findings regarding the relationship between VAP occurrence and the severity of multiple traumatic injuries, so further studies of these factors should be performed.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.119-126
• /
• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of mechanical ventilation simulation on the clinical judgment and self-confidence of nursing students. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study. From one university, 118 undergraduate nursing students participated in this study. Sixty students were in the intervention group, and fifty-eight students were in the control group. A simulation scenario utilizing a high-fidelity human simulator focusing on nursing care for patients with a mechanical ventilator was developed for this study. Data were collected with a self-report survey method before the intervention, right after intervention, and two weeks later. Results: Students in the intervention group showed significantly higher increases in clinical judgment and self-confidence than those in the control group at the immediate posttest. Moreover, 2 weeks later, the increase in clinical judgment and self-confidence from the pretest among the intervention group was significantly larger than those in the control group. Conclusion: Utilizing simulation education focusing on patients with a mechanical ventilator may contribute to training more competent nurses in the area of critical care nursing. It may also serve to provide a better critical care environment for the safety and health of patients.