• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제56권9호
• /
• pp.3764-3774
• /
• 2024

In accordance with Regulatory Guide 1.207, Rev.1, fatigue assessments must be conducted considering the influence of primary coolant environment in nuclear reactors. Environmental fatigue, resulting from corrosion in the primary coolant, is evaluated in air fatigue life assessments through the application of an environmental fatigue correction factor. This environmental fatigue correction factor depends on sulfur content, operating temperature, dissolved oxygen, and strain rate. It remains constant for sulfur content, operating temperature, and dissolved oxygen, while strain rate introduces potential errors based on the analysis method. The current fatigue evaluation procedure for air, following ASME B&PV Code Sec.III, NB-3200, employs elastic analysis with a simplified elastic-plastic correction factor(Ke). However, Ke factor is considered excessively conservative, prompting less conservative alternatives proposed by JSME, RCC-M, ASME Code Case N-779. This study applied both ASME Ke and JSME Ke for fatigue evaluations considering environmental effects. Additionally, fatigue assessments accounting for elastic-plastic effects were conducted using Neuber and Glinka methods, compared with actual experiments. The analysis systematically examined changes in fatigue life and the environmental fatigue correction factor due to plastic effects in environmental fatigue evaluations.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.15-20
• /
• 2017

A large amount of research has been performed on the rolling contact fatigue(RCF) life of bearings, since it directly affects the safety and reliability of mechanical systems. It is well known that rolling contact fatigue life is influenced by several parameters including contact pressure, oil contamination by water or metal particles, and the surface conditions of bearings. However, the detailed damage mechanisms involved in rolling contact fatigue have not been clearly identified yet. In this paper the effects of water contamination of the lubricant and surface roughness of bearing steel on the rolling contact fatigue life were investigated. Two types of specimens with different surface roughness values were prepared through turning and lapping operations. They were tested under two different lubrication conditions, i.e. oil lubricant with 100% of oil and the water contaminated condition with 80% of oil and 20% of water using the rolling contact fatigue testing machine. The surface damage induced by the rolling contact fatigue was observed by using atomic force microscope(AFM). Experimental results show that the rolling contact fatigue life, $L_{10}$ was reduced by 24 to 33% depending on the lubrication condition. The reduction of fatigue life in the range of 53 to 57% was also observed at different surface roughness conditions.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
• /
• 제25권12호
• /
• pp.2091-2099
• /
• 2001

Fatigue crack growth behavior of inclined cracked Al 6061-T6 thick aluminum plate(6mm) repaired with the bonded composite patch was studied. A 0°inclined crack bonded reinforced composite patch and 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°inclined crack plates were tested. The effect of patch and inclined angle were studied and compared to each other. Also we investigated to the crack propagation direction and debonding behavior during the fatigue crack growth test. In this paper. a study was con(ducted to get an fatigue life, fatigue crack growth ratio and crack growth direction. Finally, the effectiveness of composite patch on inclined cracked plate was investigated. The results demonstrated thats there was a definite variation in fatigue life and fatigue crack growth behavior depending on the inclined crack angle.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2014

In this study, for the evaluation of the static and fatigue joining strength of the joint, the geometry of the cross-tension specimen was adopted. The specimens were produced with optimal joining force and fatigue life of the clinch joint specimens was evaluated. The material selected for use in this study was cold rolled mild steel (SPCC) with a thickness of 0.8 mm. The maximum tensile load was 708 N for the specimen with single point. The fatigue endurance limit (=42.6 N) per point approached to 6% of the maximum tensile strength at a load ratio of 0.1, suggesting that the joints are vulnerable to cross-tension loading during fatigue. Compared to equivalent stress and maximum principal stress, the SWT fatigue parameter and equivalent strain can properly predict the current experimental fatigue life. The SWT parameter can be expressed as $SWT=2497.5N^{-0.552)_f$.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
• /
• 제20권12호
• /
• pp.3892-3898
• /
• 1996

In this study, the prediction of the fatigue life as well as the extimation of the characteristics of fatigue cumulative damage on GFRP under random loading were performed. The constant amplitude tests and the ramdom loading test were carried on notched GFRP specimens with a circular hole. Random waves were generated with a micro-computer and had wide band spectra. Since it is useful that the prediction of fatigue life ot the given load sequences is based on S-N curves under constant amplitude loading, the estimation of equivalent stress is done on every random waves. The equivalent stress wasat first estimated by Miner's rule and then by the proposed model which was based on Hashin-Rotem's comulative damage theory regarding nonlinear fatigue cumulative damage behavior. The fatigue lives were predicted from each equivalent stress evaluated. And each predicted fatigue llife was compared with experimental results. The number of cycles of random loads were counted by mean-cross counting method. The reuslts showed that the fatigue life predicted by proposed model was correlated well with the experimental results in comparison with Miner's model.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.142-147
• /
• 1998

Rotary bending fatigue tests were carried out on the nitrided titanium in order to investigate the effect of nitriding layer on fatigue limit. Main results obtained are as follows. (1) The fatigue limit of nitrided pure titanium is remarkably reduced because of enlargement of grain size at high heat treating temperature and high stress field created from the elastic interaction in the compound layer. (2) Further test using specimen which was removed nitrified layer gradually, were also conducted and it was found that by removing the compound layer the fatigue limit recovered as the level of basic material and rather increased by coming of a diffusion layer. Therefore it is concluded that the surface compound layer generated by nitriding treatment reduced the fatigue limit but diffusion layer increased it.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.45-55
• /
• 2007

In this study, two types of fatigue tests were conducted. Firs, cyclic bending tests were performed using the micro-bending tester. Second, thermal fatigue tests were conducted using a pseudo power cycling machine which was newly developed for a realistic testing condition. A three-dimensional finite element analysis model was constructed. A finite element analysis using ABAQUS was performed to extract the applied stress and strain in the solder joints. Creep deformation was dominant in thermal fatigue and plastic deformation was main parameter for bending failure. From the inelastic energy dissipation per cycle versus fatigue life curve, it can be found that the bending fatigue life is longer than the thermal fatigue life.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.137-143
• /
• 2008

For most bearings, it is a common requirement to have long durability. Especially wheel bearing fatigue life is the most important in automotive quality. The contact fatigue life analysis of automotive wheel bearing considering real raceway rough surface is presented in this paper. Contact stresses are obtained by contact analysis of a semi-infinite solid based on the use of influence functions; the subsurface stress field is obtained using rectangular patch solutions. Mesoscopic multiaxial fatigue criterion which can yield satisfactory results for non-proportional loading is then applied to predict fatigue damage. Suitable counting method and damage rule were used to calculate the fatigue life of random loading caused by rough surface. The life analysis considering real rough surface of wheel bearing raceway is in good agreement with the experimental results.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.1301-1308
• /
• 1996

In order to save the energy and protect the environment, it were studied about ecomaterials with the developed countries as central figure. In the Metal Matrix Composites(MMCs), this trends appeared the development of the MMCs which had excellent mechanical properties in spite of the low volume fraction of reinforcement. Therefore, in this study, fatigue crack growth test, tensile and hardness test were conducted in order to investigate the mechanical and fatigue properties of 5 %, and 10 % $SiC_{p}$/Al composites. As the results, in the tensile and hardness test, tensile strength and hardness increased but fatigue crack growth rate decreased with $SiC_{p}$/Al volume fraction. And in the view of fatigue failured surface through the SEM, fatigue crack initiated around the SiC particle and in low $\Delta{K}$ regions, fatigue creck detoured the SiC particle but crack propagated through the SiC particle in the high $\DeltaK$ regions.

• Tribology and Lubricants
• /
• 제30권6호
• /
• pp.350-355
• /
• 2014

This study proposes a sustainable bearing remanufacturing process using the ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification (UNSM) technique. The UNSM technique is a newly developed and sophisticated surface modification technique that can increase the mechanical properties and improve the friction and wear performance of materials. Taking advantage of the bearing manufacturing process is the most significant way of optimizing the life of a bearing. The proper maintenance and usage of repaired bearings can increase their life to be equal to or greater than that of new bearings. This paper discusses the restoration of certain mechanical properties of worn, damaged, and discarded bearings, and suggests a remanufacturing process for used bearings, which can impart them with a lifespan equivalent to that of new bearings. The most damaged part of the discarded bearings is the raceway, which is the site of accumulated fatigue. The existing polishing or barrel finishing processes can recover the accumulated fatigue only partially. Rolling contact fatigue tests performed on UNSM-treated new and used specimens polished after $4{\times}10^6$ cycles reveal that UNSM-treated new specimens exhibit the longest fatigue life compared to other specimens. This study verifies the proposed complete fatigue recovery process, which can increase the fatigue life of used bearings to a level greater than that of new bearings.