• Advances in nano research
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.337-357
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• 2017

Knowledge of thin films mechanical properties is strongly associated to the reliability and the performances of Nano Electro Mechanical Systems (NEMS). In the literature, there are several methods for micro materials characterization. Bulge test is an established nondestructive technique for studying the mechanical properties of thin films. This study improve the performances of NEMS by investigating the mechanical behavior of Nano rectangular thin film (NRTF) made of new material embedded in Nano Electro Mechanical Systems (NEMS) by developing the bulge test technique. The NRTF built from adhesively-bonded layers of basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP) laminate composite materials in Nano size at room temperature and were used for plane-strain bulging. The NRTF is first pre-stressed to ensure that is no initial deflection before applied the loads on NRTF and then clamped between two plates. A differential pressure is applying to a deformation of the laminated composite NRTF. This makes the plane-strain bulge test idea for studying the mechanical behavior of laminated composite NRTF in both the elastic and plastic regimes. An exact solution of governing equations for symmetric cross-ply BFRP laminated composite NRTF was established with taking in-to account the effect of the residual strength from pre-stressed loading. The stress-strain relationship of the BFRP laminated composite NRTF was determined by hydraulic bulging test. The NRTF thickness gradation in different points of hemisphere formed in bulge test was analysed.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.315-321
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• 2017

A combustion chamber is designed and fabricated for studying the combustion characteristics of counterflow flames at elevated pressure and establishing the fundamental combustion database of counterflow flames. The combustion chamber design aims to allow the maximum operating pressure of 11 bar and be able to conduct flame visualization and the measurements of flame extinction limits, flame temperature and combustion emissions at elevated pressure. Preliminary tests for counterflow nonpremixed $CH_4-NH_3-N_2$/air flames at 1-3 bar have been conducted, and the results confirm the proper operation of the designed chamber.

• Interaction and multiscale mechanics
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.449-465
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• 2008

In this paper a general approach for studying the motion of a cantilever beam interacting with a 2D fluid flow is presented. The fluid is solved by a general purpose commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) package (FLUENT 6.2), while the structure is managed by means of a dedicated finite element method solver, coded in FLUENT as a user-defined function (UDF). A weak fluid structure interaction coupling scheme is adopted exchanging information at the end of each time step. An arbitrary cantilever beam can be introduced in the CFD mesh with its wetted boundaries specified; the cantilever can also interact with specified rigid and flexible walls through use of a non-linear contact algorithm. After a brief review of relevant scientific contributions, some test cases and application examples are presented.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.96-104
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• 2020

A model combustor has been designed and fabricated for studying the combustion characteristics of oxygen (O₂)/hydrogen (H₂) flames under supercritical conditions. The combustor is designed to allow combustion experiments up to 60 bar, the supercritical pressure condition of O₂ and H₂. Injectors can be replaced to study various types of flames and the combustion chamber is designed to visualize flames by installing optical windows. Through the preliminary tests, including a high-pressure (up to 60 bar) test using air and combustion tests for coaxial jet flames of liquid oxygen (LO₂)/gaseous hydrogen (GH₂) at elevated pressure, the reliability of the combustor has been demonstrated.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.436-447
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• 2002

In this study, the dynamic response of a catenary system that supplies electrical power to high-speed trains is investigated. One of the important problems which is accompanied by increasing the speed of a high-speed rail, is the performance of stable current collection. Another problem which has been encountered, is maintaining continuous contact force between the catenary and the pantograph without loss of panhead. The dynamic analyses of the catenary based on the Finite Element Method (FEM) are performed to develop a pantograph suitable for high speed operation. The static deflection of the catenary, the stiffness variation in contact lines, the dynamic response of the catenary undergoing the force of a constantly moving load and the contact force were calculated. It was confirmed that a catenary model is necessary to study the dynamic characteristics of the pantograph system.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2004

Many researchers have made a lot of progress in studying the evaluation of fracture probability of brittle materials. However, studies of fracture probability for elastic-plasticity have not been made yet. An evaluation method for fracture probability which is grafted onto a 2-parameter criterion and statistical probability analysis is not only introduced in this study, but also applied to the simple 2-dimensional model and carbon steel piping to vealuate the effect of statistical variables.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.231-239
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• 2019

The present study deals with the development of metakaolin-based geopolymer concrete (GPC) and thereafter studying the effects of adding ultra-fine slag on its mechanical and permeability characteristics. The mechanical characteristics including compressive, split tensile, flexural strengths and elastic modulus were studied. In addition, permeability characteristics including water absorption, porosity, sorptivity and chloride permeability were studied up to 90 days. The results showed the effective utilization of metakaolin for the development of elevated temperature cured geopolymer concrete having high 3-day compressive strength of 42.6 MPa. The addition of ultra-fine slag up to 15%, as partial replacement of metakaolin resulted in an increase in strength characteristics. Similar improvement in durability properties was also observed with the inclusion of ultra-fine slag up to 15%. Beyond this optimum content of 15%, further increase in ultra-fine slag content affected the mechanical as well as permeability parameters in a negative way. In addition, the relationship between various properties of GPC was also derived.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.1577-1584
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• 2002

This paper develops a finite element model for studying the occupant behavior and injury cofficients of a large-sized cab-over type truck. Since it does not have a room to absorb collision energy and deformation in front of the passenger compartment the deformation is directly transmitted to the passenger compartment. Moreover, since its steering column is attached on the frame, severe deformation of the frame directly affects on the steering wheel's movement. Therefore, if the occupant behavior and injury coefficients analysis is performed using a finite element model developed based on a sled test, it is very difficult to expect acquiring satisfactory results. Thus, the finite element model developing in this paper is based on the frontal crash test in order to overcome the inherent problems of the sled test based model commonly used in the passenger car. The occupant behavior and injury coefficients analysis is performed using PAM-CRASH installed in super-computer SP2. In order to validate the reliability of the developed finite element model, a frontal crash test is carried out according to a test method used fur developing truck occupant's secondary safety system in european community and japan. That is, test vehicle's collision direction is vertical to the rigid barrier and collision velocity is 45kph. Thus, measured vehicle pulses at the lower parts of the left and right B-pilla., dummy chest and head deceleration profiles, HIC(head injury criterial) and CA(chest acceleration) values, and dummy behavior from the frontal crash test are compared to the analysis results to validate reliability of the developed model.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.107-119
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• 2017

The Micro circular diaphragm (MCD) is the mechanical actuator part used in the micro electro-mechanical sensors (MEMS) that combine electrical and mechanical components. These actuators are working under harsh mechanical and thermal conditions, so it is very important to study the mechanical and thermal behaviors of these actuators, in order to do with its function successfully. The objective of this paper is to determine the thermo-mechanical behavior of MCD by developing the traditional bulge test technique to achieve the aims of this work. The specimen is first pre-stressed to ensure that is no initial deflection before applied the loads on diaphragm and then clamped between two plates, a differential pressure (P) and temperature ($T_b$) is leading to a deformation of the MCD. Analytical formulation of developed bulge test technique for MCD thermo-mechanical characterization was established with taking in-to account effect of the residual strength from pre-stressed loading. These makes the plane-strain bulge test ideal for studying the mechanical and thermal behavior of diaphragm in both the elastic and plastic regimes. The differential specimen thickness due to bulge effect to describe the mechanical behavior, and the temperature effect on the MCD material properties to study the thermal behavior under deformation were discussed. A finite element model (FEM) can be extended to apply for investigating the reliability of the proposed bulge test of MCD and compare between the FEM results and another one from analytical calculus. The results show that, the good convergence between the finite element model and analytical model.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.301-311
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to verify the usefulness of the Mathcad program as a tool for the studying and teaching the sport biomechanics. A projectile motion was analyzed because it is the one of the most popular motion in sports activities. A 3 dimensional CG data for the high jump bar clear phase was used to calculate the initial velocity vector of the CG. Linear regression function and other functions such as cubic spline and derivative of Mathcad were used to calculate this vector. Finally, the approach angle to the bar and peak jump height was calculated. Programming in Mathcad was relatively easy compare to traditional computer language such as Fortran and C, because of the unique documentation method of Mathcad. Additionally the 2 and 3 dimensional graph function was very easy and useful to describe the mechanical data. If the use of Mathcad program is more popular in the field of sport biomechanics, it could greatly contribute to overcome the limit of research caused by the lack of proper programming ability.