• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.657-665
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 핵의학검사를 하는 수검자(환자)의 유효선량(mSv)을 손쉽게 산출할 수 있는 전용 프로그램을 제작 보급하여 핵의학검사의 피폭선량 연구와 선량정보 공개를 위해 조력하고자 한다. 프로그램은 ICRP 80, 106 Report와 추록4에 수록되어 있는 방사성의약품의 방사능당 유효선량(mSv/MBq)을 Database로 만든 다음 5가지(Area, Clark, Solomon(Fried), Webster, Young) 소아주입량 산출법과 7가지 체표면적 산출법이 적용되도록 Microsoft의 Visual Basic(In Excel)으로 제작하였다. 프로그램은 수검자의 연령, 방사성핵종, 표지화합물, 그리고 인체주입량을 입력하면 유효선량(mSv)이 산출된다. 소아의 경우 연령 입력 시 소아산출법이 활성화 되며 적용할 소아산출법을 선택하면 된다. 그리고 소아산출법 중 Area법을 선택하는 경우 체표면적산출법을 고르는 선택창이 활성화 된다. 그런 다음 성인의 주입량을 입력하면 소아의 주입량과 유효선량(mSv)이 자동으로 산출된다. 본 연구에서 제작한 핵의학검사의 환자 유효선량 계산 프로그램은 실제 계측선량이 아니지만 핵의학 검사 시 받게 되는 인체의 내부피폭선량을 가장 근접하게 산출할 수 있는 도구로서 의미가 있다. 향후 프로그램의 활용도를 높이기 위해 모바일기기에서 사용할 수 있는 애플리케이션으로 제작하여 일반인도 쉽게 접근할 수 있도록 할 것이다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제43권10호
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• pp.8-17
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• 2006

현재 초고속 인터넷 사용자가 급증하고 있고, 광대역 네트워크 인프라의 구축이 늘어나고 있다. 하지만, 지금 사용하고 있는 TCP 혼잡 제어 알고리즘은 협대역 네트워크 환경에 적합하여, 광대역 네트워크의 트래픽 전송에 있어서 효율성이 낯은 상태이다. 이런 문제점을 개선하기 위해 광대역 네트워크에 적합하도록 개선된 혼잡 제어 알고리즘을 적용한 TCP가 요구되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 광대역 네트워크를 충분히 활용할 수 있도록 개선된 TCP 혼잡 제어 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안된 알고리즘은 수신측에서 송신측에 보내는 ACK 정보 및 RTT 변화와 특성을 이용하여 가용한 대역폭을 예측함으로써 가용한 혼잡 윈도우 크기를 조정하고 대량의 패킷 손실을 최소화한다. 또한, 혼잡 회피 단계에서의 기존 TCP 알고리즘을 개선함으로써 가용한 대역폭을 빠르게 활용할 수 있도록 한다. 본 논문에서는 제안된 알고리즘 성능을 평가하기 위하여 ns-2를 이용하여 시뮬레이션을 수행하였으며, 시뮬레이션 결과 광대역 네트워크 환경에서 제안된 알고리즘이 기존 $HSTCP^{[2]}$보다 전송률이 향상되어 가용 대역폭 활용률을 높였을 뿐만 아니라 공정성과 RTT 공정성도 개선하였음을 보였다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.10-15
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• 2012

개인 선량계로 활용될 수 있는 광자극발광(OSL: optically stimulated luminescence) 측정장치의 개발과 이를 위한 이론적 배경 및 개발된 장치의 성능에 대하여 기술하였다. OSL 측정장치는 자극광원과 시료로부터 자극 발광된 광신호 사이의 간섭효과를 최소화하기 위하여 다양한 광학적 필터 조합을 구성해야 하는데, 여기서는 자극광에는 GG420 필터를, 측정부에는 UG11과 BG39 필터로 $Al_2O_3:C$ OSL 물질에 최적화된 광학적 필터를 구성하였다. 자극광원으로 Luxeon V형 고휘도 Blue LED를 선택함으로서 충분한 광량을 확보하였다. 또한 장비 제어 및 측정을 위하여 PC와 OSL 장치 사이에 다양한 제어보드들이 이용되며, 전체 장치의 자동화 및 장치제어는 LabView 프로그램을 이용하여 개발하였다. 개발된 OSL 장치의 신뢰도 및 재현성 평가를 위해 대표적인 OSL 물질인 $Al_2O_3:C$를 이용하여 OSL 특성곡선을 측정하고 이를 기존 상용 OSL 측정장치와 비교하였다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.132-143
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• 2000

The purpose of this correlational study was to find the correlation between the infant temperament, mother-infant interaction, and child-rearing environment. The subjects of this study were 37 dyads of healthy mothers and healthy infants. Data were collected from 15th of March to 3rd of September, 1999. Convenient sampling was done at Obstetric wards of one University hospital, and demographic data were collected before discharge. At one month and three month postpartum, we visited subject's home, and collected the data on the infant temperament, and also video taped the mother-infant interaction during feeding. In addition, child-rearing environment was checked by researcher according to HOME(Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment) at three months postpartum. Mother-infant interactions were rated according to the NCAST Feeding Scale later. Data were analyzed by window SPSS program, and correlations between the infant temperament, mother-infant interaction, and child-rearing environment were analyzed by Pearson's correlational coefficient. The results were as follows: 1. Infant temperament. 1) Among the subscales of infant temperament, mothers perceived cuddliness and amenability most positively at one month, and responsivity and amenability most positively at three months. 2) In subscale analysis of stability, amenability, responsivity, and persistence were stable with the time. 3) Significant relationships were found between the malleability and amenability, between the malleability and responsivity at one month, and also between the malleability and amenability, and between the malleability and cuddliness at three months. 2. Correlations of infant temperament and mother-infant interaction. 1) There was no significant relationship between the infant temperament and mother-infant interaction at one month. 2) There was a significant relationship between the infant temperament and mother-infant interaction at three months(r=.335, p<.05). In subscale analysis, there were significnt relationships between the total score of infant temperament and maternal sensitivity to infant's cues(r=.372, p<.05), and between the total score of infant temperament and maternal response to infant's distress (r=.331, p<.05). 3. Correlations of infant temperament and child-rearing environment. 1) There was no significant relationship between the total score of infant temperament at one month and total score of HOME at three months. In subscal analysis, the total score of infant temperament at one showed significant relationships with the organization of environment(r=.413, p<.05), and the emotional, verbal response at three months(r=.337, p<.05). 2) There was a significant relationship between the total score of infant temperament at three months and the total score of HOME at three months (r=.599, p<.01). In subscal analysis, the total score of infant temperament at three months showed significant relationships with the organization of environment(r=.410, p<.05), maternal involvement(r=.482, p,.01), and the emotional, verbal response(r=.695, p<.01) at three months. 4. Correlations of mother-infant interaction and child-rearing environment. There was a significant relationship between the maternal score of mother-infant interaction at one month and three months and the total score of HOME at three months (r=.474, p<.01; r=.452, p<.01). In conclusion, it was proved that infant temperament had significant relationships with mother-infant interaction and child-rearing environment, especially when the infants were getting older. This showed the possibility for changeability of infant teperament by the maternal factors.

• 교육녹색환경연구
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.66-90
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to measure and analyze primary causes of indoor air pollution, including carbon dioxide, minute dust, and total volatile organic compounds, for each room before the beginning of a class through the time of discharge after the end of the class in general classrooms, computer rooms, and science rooms of three newly-established schools that opened in 2006, examine properties of indoor air environment in each room by educational activities at school, and determine effective management schemes; the results of this study can be summarized as follows: 1) As for implications for each item found in the mean for each place, since minute dust (PM10) was more likely to occur in time slots full of students' activities, such as a traveling class and a recess, than in the middle of a class and could be expected fully, it is necessary to make a scheme for cleaning in order to reduce minute dust within a room, for example, by usually using a vacuum cleaner indoors. 2) While carbon dioxide was expected to vary with the differences in the amount of breath between higher-graders and lower-graders in a general classroom but showed insignificant difference by grades, showing differences in pollution by four times at a maximum according to the opening of a window as expected, it is necessary to implement artificial or natural ventilation and take a positive measure, for example, by presenting a concrete ventilation scheme, in order to improve indoor air pollution at a room practice. 3) Total volatile organic compounds were found to exceed the standard by more than twice in general classrooms, science rooms, and computer rooms of the schools because of building materials, furnitures including desks and chairs, panels and boards for environment beautification, and items which could be detected even from students' clothes; while a field directly-reading tool was used, obtaining high reliability for the results, it is necessary to apply an analytical method based on process test separately for actual correct measurement if a significantly great amount of total volatile organic compounds appear as compared with other schools due to measuring expenses and consecutive measurements. 4) Since formaldehyde (HCHO) was generally found to exceed the standard in general classrooms, science rooms, and computer rooms, it is necessary to establish and operate a ventilator during a class in a computer room which requires airtightness and a science room in which an organic compound should be used for a class.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2020

In general, auto parts production assembly line is assembled and produced by automatic mounting by an automated robot. In such a production site, quality problems such as misalignment of parts (doors, trunks, roofs, etc.) to be assembled with the vehicle body or collision between assembly robots and components are often caused. In order to solve such a problem, the quality of parts is manually inspected by using mechanical jig devices outside the automated production line. Automotive inspection technology is the most commonly used field of vision, which includes surface inspection such as mounting hole spacing and defect detection, body panel dents and bends. It is used for guiding, providing location information to the robot controller to adjust the robot's path to improve process productivity and manufacturing flexibility. The most difficult weighing and measuring technology is to calibrate the surface analysis and position and characteristics between parts by storing images of the part to be measured that enters the camera's field of view mounted on the side or top of the part. The problem of the machine vision device applied to the automobile production line is that the lighting conditions inside the factory are severely changed due to various weather changes such as morning-evening, rainy days and sunny days through the exterior window of the assembly production plant. In addition, since the material of the vehicle body parts is a steel sheet, the reflection of light is very severe, which causes a problem in that the quality of the captured image is greatly changed even with a small light change. In this study, the distance between the car body and the door part and the door are acquired by the measuring device combining the laser slit light source and the LED pattern light source. The result is transferred to the joint robot for assembling parts at the optimum position between parts, and the assembly is done at the optimal position by changing the angle and step.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.507-521
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• 1999

Yu-Dong-Kong exercise is to produce heat from rubbing hands and is composed of 10 different types of exercise using warmed hands. The objective of this research is to evaluate the effect of Yu-Dong-Kong exercise on physical function and emotional state in elderly. The design of research is Nonequivalent Control Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The independent variable is Yu-Dong-Kong exercise, and the dependent variables are physical function and emotional state. Subjects are 18 elderly in the experimental group and 16 elderly in control group. All of them are above 60 year old and live in 1-city, Kyonggi-do. The exercise period was 4 weeks and data were collected from April to August in 1998. The exercise frequency was once a day. The exercise duration was from 10 to 20 minutes. The measurement tools are modified 1) Cornell Medical Index-Health questionnaire and 2) Geriatric Depression Scale. Collected data were analyzed by t-test and paired t-test based on the purposes of research using SPSS-Window package. The results are summarized as follows : 1. There was no difference in pre-exercise physical function between two groups (t=-.95, p=.35). 2. The hypothesis that 'physical function in the experimental group will be improved compared to the control group' was not supported by t-test(t=-.925, p=.362). However. the physical function in the experimental group showed much improvement than that in the control group. 3. The hypothesis that 'emotional state in the experimental group will be improved compared to the control group' was not supported by t-test(t=-1.715, p=.096). However, the emotional state in the experimental group showed much improvement than that in the control group. 4. The hypothesis that 'physical function will be improved in the post-exercise compared to pre-exercise' was not supported by paired t-test(t=.302, p=.766) However, a slight improvement in the physical function was found. For the further study, it is recommended to reevaluate the effect of Yu-Dong-Kong exercise through large number of subjects and long-term study. Also, a separate study with different type of subjects is recommended. In addition, continuation and compliance this strategy for exercise should be developed.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.39-53
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• 2014

궁중장식화는 궁궐의 안팎을 장식했던 것으로 실용적이고 기능적인 역할을 하였다. 특히 일월오봉도와 해반도도는 왕의 권위와 수복을 기원하여 제작된 대표적인 궁중장식화 이다. 그러나 현존하는 일월오악도와 해반도도 중 19세기 이전에 제작된 것으로 명확한 제작시기와 배설위치 등을 확인할 수 있는 것은 없다. 이러한 점에서 최근 공개된 국립중앙박물관 소장 일월오봉도와 해반도도는 보존과학적인 연구를 통해 그 제작시기와 배설위치 그리고 제작기법 등을 확인하게 된 것으로 그 의의가 크다고 할 수 있다. 복원과정에서 확인한 2곡병 형태의 양면 장황과 장자문의 귀갑창은 지금까지 궁중장식화에서 보고되지 않았던 첫 연구 사례이다. 또 원형 장황 복원에 의한 실측과 현존하는 궁궐 건축물의 대조 그리고 의궤 자료의 조사 등으로 창경궁영건도감의궤(1834년)에 기록된 함인정에 배설되었던 것임을 밝혀냄으로 19세기 초반의 일월오봉도와 해반도도 연구에 기여할 수 있다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.423-430
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• 2008

Purpose: Computed tomography theoretically should improve detection of foreign bodies and provide more information of adjacent soft tissues. And the CT scanner and PACS program proved to be an excellent instrument for detection and localization of most facial foreign bodies above certain minimum levels of detectability. The severity of injury in penetrating trauma to the face, it is often underestimated by physical examination. Diagnosis of a retained foreign object is always critical. Methods: From March, 2005 to February 2008 a study was done with 200 patients who had facial trauma. Axial and coronal CT images were obtained with a General Electric(Milwaukee, Wis) 9800 CT scanner at 130 kV, 90 mA, with a 2-mm section thickness and a $512{\times}512$ matrix. Results: Axial and coronal CT images at various window widths should be used as the first imaging modality to detect facial foreign bodies. The attenuation coefficients for the metallic and nonmetallic foreign bodies ranged from -437 to +3071 HU. As a general rule, metallic foreign bodies produced more Hounsfield artifacts than nonmetallic foreign bodies, thus providing a clue to their composition. All of the metallic foreign bodies were represented by a single peak and had a maximum attenuation coefficient of +3071 HU. Of the nonmetallic foreign bodies, glass had an attenuation coefficient that ranged from +105 to +2039, while plastic had a much lower coefficient that ranged from -62 to -35. wood had the lowest range of attenuation coefficients: -491 to -437. Conclusion: The PACS program allows one to distinguish metallic from nonmetallic foreign bodies and to individually identify the specific composition of many nonmetallic foreign bodies. This program does not, however, allow identification of the specific composition of a metallic foreign body. We recommend this type of software program for CT scanning of any patient with an injury to the face in which a foreign body is suspected.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.105-109
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• 2005

본 논문은 LTCC 공정에 기반을 둔 GSM/DCS dual band 의 소형화된 antenna switch module을 공정변수 따른 특성의 왜곡을 안정화시키는 연구를 수행하였다. 특히 tape thickness의 변화에 따라 패턴간의 기생 커플링이 주된 변수로 작용한다. 두께 50um인 tape으로 제작된 시편의 사이즈는 $4.5{\times}3.2{\times}0.8 mm^3$이고 insertion loss는 Rx mode와 Tx mode 각각 ldB. 1.2dB 이하이다. 공정상에서 tape thickness의 변화에 따라 개발된 모듈의 특성 안정성을 검증하기 위해 각 블록-다이플렉서,필터, 바이어스 회로-을 probing method을 이용, 측정하였고, 각 블록간의 상호관계는 VSWR을 계산하여 비교하였다. 또한 회로적 관점에서 특성 개선을 위해 바이어스 회로부분의 집중소자형과 분포소자형을 구현하여 서로 비교 분석하였다. 이를 통해 각 블록의 측정과 계산된 VSWR의 데이터는 공정변수에 의해 변화된 전체 module의 특성과 안정성 거동을 파악하는데 좋은 정보를 준다. Tape thickness변화에도 불구하고 다이플렉스의 matching값은 연결되는 바이어스 회로와 LPF의 matching값과 상대 matching이 되면서, 낮은 VSWR을 유지하여 전체 insertion loss가 안정화되는 것을 확인하였다. 더불어 분포소자형 바이어스 회로보다는 집중소자형이 다른 회로블럭과의 관계에서 더 좋은 매칭을 이루어 loss개선에 일조하였다. Tape thickness가 6 um이상의 변화를 가져와도 집중소자형 바이어스 회로는 낮은 손실을 유지하여 더 넓은 안정 범위를 가져오기 때문에 양산에 적합한 구조가 될 수 있다 그리고, probing method에 의한 안정성 특성 추출은 세라믹에 임베디드된 수동회로들의 개발에 충분히 적용될 수 있다.