• International Journal of Contents
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.20-30
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• 2015

We propose a new method that specifies objective image quality factors by evaluating an image quality measurement model using random images. In other words, No-Reference variables are used to evaluate the quality of an original image without using any reference for comparison. 1000 portrait images were collected from a web gallery with votes constituting over 30 recommendation values. The bottom-up data collecting process was used to calculate the following image quality factors: total range, average, standard deviation, normalized distribution, z-score, preference percentage. A final grade is awarded out of 100 points, and this method ranks and grades the final estimated image quality preference in terms of total image quality factors. The results of the proposed image quality evaluation model consist of the specific dynamic range, skin tone R, G, B, L, A, B, and RSC contrast. We can present the total for the expected preference points as the average of the objective image qualities. Our proposed image quality evaluation model can measure the preferences for an actual image using a statistical analysis. The results indicate that this is a practical image quality measurement model that can extract a subject's preferred image quality.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.176-193
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• 2007

The ability to measure groundwater contaminant flux is increasingly being recognized as crucial in order to prioritize contaminated site cleanups, estimate the efficiency of remediation technologies, measure rates of natural attenuation, and apply proper source terms to model groundwater contaminant transport. Recently, a number of methods have been developed and subsequently applied to measure contaminant mass flux in groundwater in the field. Flux measurement methods can be categorized as either point methods or integral methods. As the name suggests, point methods measure flux at a specific point or points in the subsurface. To increase confidence in the accuracy of the measurement, it is necessary to increase the number of points (and therefore, the cost) of the sampling network. Integral methods avoid this disadvantage by using pumping wells to interrogate large volumes of the subsurface. Unfortunately, integral methods are expensive because they require that large volumes of contaminated water be extracted and managed. Recent work has investigated the development of an integral method that does not require extraction of contaminated water from the subsurface. We begin with a review of the significance and importance of measuring groundwater contaminant mass flux. We then review groundwater contaminant flux measurement methods that are either currently in use or under development. Finally, we conclude with a qualitative comparison of the various flux measurement methods.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.185-205
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• 2002

In this study, we consider infinite supply of raw materials and backlogged demands as given two boundary conditions. And we need not make any specific assumptions about the inter-arrival of external demand and service time distributions. Under these situations, the ultimate objective of this study is to prove the variability propagation principle in a pull serial line and is to measure it in terms of the first two moments of the inter-departure process subject to number of cards in each cell. Two preparations are required to achieve this objective : The one is to derive a true lower bound of variance of the inter-departure process. The other is to establish a constrained discrete minimax problem for the no backorder (backlogging) probabilities in each cell. We may get some fundamental results necessary to a completion for the proof through the necessary and sufficient conditions for existence of optimal solution of a constrained discrete minimax problem and the implicit function theorem. finally, we propose a numeric model to measure the variability propagation principle. Numeric examples show the validity and applicability of our study.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제41권
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• pp.58.1-58.8
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• 2019

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between gender-specific and obesity-related airway anatomy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by using cephalometric analyses. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 206 patients with suspected OSA undergoing polysomnography and anthropometric measurements such as body mass index, neck circumference, and waist-hip ratio. We checked lateral cephalometry to measure tissue landmarks including angle from A point to nasion to B point (ANB), soft palate length (SPL), soft palate thickness (SPT), retropalatal space (RPS), retrolingual space (RLS), and mandibular plane to hyoid (MPH). Results: Male with OSA showed significantly increased SPL (P = .006) compared with controls. SPL and MPH had significant correlation with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and central obesity. Female with OSA showed significantly increased ANB (P = .013) and SPT (P = .004) compared with controls. The receiver operating characteristic curves revealed that SPT in male and ANB and SPT in female were significant in model 1 (AHI ≥ 5) and model 2 (AHI ≥ 15). MPH was also significant for male in model 2. Conclusion: Male and female with OSA had distinct anatomic features of the upper airway and different interactions among soft palate, mandible, and hyoid bone.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.11-24
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• 2002

This study was to propose a basic model of specialization in home economics for vocational high school development in JellaNamdo. The results were summarized as follows. First. based on the changes in economic environment into service industry and national educational policy and local vocational educational Policy, it may be good time to socially discuss special vocational high school in home economics in JellaNamdo in the light of meeting local students' demand. Secondly, considering local students' preference and the conditions of local economy and industry. Thirdly, the system for specialization in home economics of vacational high school may be suggested. The basic model was organized plans of system reformation by stages, a substantial plans, and academic or employment course development. System reformation plans was that the high school-concentrated district should be first selected by area and department and one high school should be selected as special high school in home economics. Then specific method should proceed school name, the measure to recruit students, specific method for reorganizing department. and curriculum. Finally, the annual plan to establish new department and to recruit students should be Prepared. Substantial plans were to actually forward such methods to reorganize system and to enhance the qualify of vocational high school education. the method for making substantial should be studied further It may include: the methods to ensure special teachers, training room, and facilities. the prospect and direction of career development, employment, or initiation, special research, and the application to educational environment. Employment courses were developed SOHO establishment in small capital and special store management. And academic courses was to enter a collage or university in conjunction with major departments.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2002년도 학술대회지
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• pp.257-260
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• 2002

기업경영에 있어서 성과측정 시스템은 매우 중요하다. 측정이 있어야 문제점을 파악하고, 개선할 수 있기 때문이다. 기업의 유형자산은 재무제표나 손익계산서 등의 구체적인 금액으로 측정이 가능하나 기업의 무형자산은 지금까지 객관적이고 정량적인 측정방법을 볼 수 없었다. 이에 본 연구는 기업의 지적자산을 측정하는 모델을 통하여 건설기업의 무형자산(지적자산)의 크기를 객관적으로 정량화 시킬 수 있는 모델을 제시하고, 측정방법의 발전방향을 제시하고자 한다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제67권11호
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• pp.1496-1505
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• 2018

The technology of emotion recognition is necessary for human computer interaction communication. There are many cases where one cannot communicate without considering one's emotion. As such, emotional recognition technology is an essential element in the field of communication. n this regard, it is highly utilized in various fields. Various bio-sensor sensors are used for human emotional recognition and can be used to measure emotions. This paper proposes a system for recognizing human emotions using two physiological sensors. For emotional classification, two-dimensional Russell's emotional model was used, and a method of classification based on personality was proposed by extracting sensor-specific characteristics. In addition, the emotional model was divided into four emotions using the Support Vector Machine classification algorithm. Finally, the proposed emotional recognition system was evaluated through a practical experiment.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.73-85
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• 2020

The study aims to provide better understanding of sustainable earnings by a comprehensive analysis of earnings persistence of business firms in Vietnam as an example of developing economies in South-East Asia. Dataset of 1,278 publicly listed firms (excluding banking and financial services firms) on Vietnam Stock Exchange for the period from 2008 to 2017 was collected. By applying fixed effect regression model, the empirical results provided the basis to measure the persistence index (Pers index) and find low level of their earnings persistence. The literature of earnings quality analysis in developed countries suggests earnings persistence as a noteworthy determinant of future earnings forecast and stock valuation. However, research of sustainable earnings in developing countries is still highly underdeveloped. For Vietnamese listed firms, the average Pers index was estimated for the period from 2008 to 2010, indicating low level of earnings persistence. We also incorporated earnings persistence level into future earnings forecast by running the quintile regression model divided the data into four equal levels and conducted each section independently to see the difference in each percentile, thence assessed the factors' influence on the specific model. The findings provide important information on the expected returns of firms, especially helping investors make sound decisions.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2016

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the volatility of both Islamic and conventional stock market in Indonesia with the aim of identifying the most appropriate model for risk management practice. The study considers GARCH as a genre of model to measure the volatility of stock market movement. The results support the view that each model shows specific volatility from both Islamic and conventional stock market in Indonesia. In Islamic stock market, volatility is affected by exchange rate and money supply (M1) but not interest rate as interest is prohibited in Islam. However, interest rate is found as a principal factor that affects volatility of conventional stock market. The outcomes of this paper are of particular significance to policy makers, as it provides guidelines to maintain economic health. Furthermore, the findings may assist practitioners to understand the consequences of macroeconomic factors such as exchange rate, money supply and interest rate, which are very crucial for the market stability of Indonesian stock market. The paper enhances the understanding of stock market volatility and proposes guidelines risk management practices.

• Healthcare Informatics Research
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.276-282
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• 2018

Objectives: Due to the uncontrolled increase of the mobile health applications and their scarce use by elderly for reason of absence credibility of measurements by lack scientific support, the aim of this study was to evaluate the differences between the biophysical measurements based on standard instrument against a mobile application using controlled experiments with elderly to propose an effective validation model of the developed apps. Methods: The subjects of the study (50 people) were elderly people who wanted to check their weight and cardiac status. For this purpose, two mobile applications were used to measure energy expenditure based on physical activity (Activ) and heart rate (SMCa) during controlled walking at specific speeds. Minute-by-minute measurements were recorded to evaluate the average error and the accuracy of the data acquired through confidence intervals by means of statistical analysis of the data. Results: The experimental results obtained by the Activ/SMCa apps showed a consistent statistical similarity with those obtained by specialized equipment with confidence intervals of 95%. All the subjects were advised and trained on the use of the applications, and the initial registration of data to characterize them served to significantly affect the perceived ease of use. Conclusions: This is the first model to validate a health-app with elderly people allowed to demonstrate the anthropometric and body movement differences of subjects with equal body mass index (BMI) but younger. Future studies should consider not only BMI data but also other variables, such as age and usability perception factors.