• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.558-564
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• 2003

A $3{\times}3$ (Fe$\times$VA) experiment with repeats was designed to study the interaction between iron and vitamin A in broilers. 504 broilers were divided into 9 groups (50% males, 50% femals), each group with 4 repeats. Iron supplemental amount was 0, 30 and 60 mg/kg; Vitamin A supplemental amount was 750, 1,500 and 2,700 IU/kg. Iron concentration in liver, serum, tibia and duodenum and vitamin A concentration in liver and serum were measured, and erythrocyte count was also observed. Results showed with the increase of dietary supplemental iron levels, vitamin A concentration in liver significantly decreased lineally (p<0.05) (0.861, 0.671, 0.639 mg/100 g at the end of 4th week; 0.900, 0.765, 0.739 mg/100 g at the end of 7th week), and vitamin A concentration in serum significantly increased lineally (p<0.05) (82.725, 97.842, $109.475{\mu}g/100mL$ at the end of 4th week; 62.288, 91.900, $95.117{\mu}g/100mL$ at the end of 7th week), meaning iron could promote the mobilization of vitamin A from liver to serum. With the increase of dietary supplemental vitamin A levels, liver iron concentration decreased and serum iron concentration increased, vitamin A could promote the mobilization of iron from liver to blood. Iron concentration in Duodenum and tibia and erythrocyte count increased significantly with higher dietary vitamin A supplementation (p<0.01), vitamin A could promote iron absorption, iron mobilization from liver to target tissues and erythropoiesis. Effects of the interaction between iron and vitamin A on vitamin A concentrations in liver and serum, iron concentration in tibia and erythrocyte count were significant (p<0.05).

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-57
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• 1984

The fisherman has been playing the roles of forming the fisheries village and surviving the fisheries production. Therefore, we should understand the nature of the fisherman's successor-cultivation which has been performed in order to maintain equlibrium between the fisheries economy and the national economy. Thesedays, fisherman's successor-cultivation mainly has been undertaken by the government in order to facilitate forming the economic foundation of fisherman's successor who has intended to choose "fisheries" as his own occupation in the future. From the above-mentioned, we find the meaning of the undertaking as both securing the foundation of living permanently and having the worth-while life of a professional fisherman by the survival and growth of his own business. And then, choosing the "fisheries" as an occupation, the successor should be satisfied with the requisites of occupation: 1) maintaining one's living, 2) working out one's individuality, 3) fulfilling one's social role-through engaging in the fisheries. Therefore, in order to have these requisites satisfied, I intend to suggest the followings : Firstly to maintain one's living, the environment of fisheies village should be kept in good condition to facilitate the successor's economic performance. Secondly to work out one's individuality, the fisheries' educational system should be adjusted to improve fisherman's ability. 1 hope to institute "the course of regional fisheries management" in fisheries high school and junior vocational collage, and "the school of fisheries management" for the learning of advanced fisheries knowledge. Thirdly to fulfill one's role, the opportunity actively participating in decision-making of the village's affair should be prepared more sufficiently, and the present fishing-centered fisheries system should be reformed into the fish-farming-centered fisheries system. To do this, the long-perspective vision is necessary. These three suggestions are come out from the macro-view point. Meanwhile the fisherman as an individual to improve his business is from the micro-view point. That is, the public aid, financial and legal, should be prepared. The above-mentioned suggestions are necessary to equalize fisherman's social status with other professional's especially from the result of improving the successor's economic force. Therefore, the principle of cultivating the fisherman's successor should be the principle of social equilibrium. be the principle of social equilibrium.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.45-68
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• 2004

The word of lignin is derived from the Latin word 'ligum' meaning wood. Lignin is complex polymer consisting of coniferyl alcohol, sinapyl alcohol and p-coumaryl alcohol unit and has an amorphous, three dimensional network structure which is hard to be hydrolyzed by acid. Lignin is found in the cell wall of plants lignified. The mode of polymerization of these alcohols in the cell wall lead to a heterogeneous branched and cross-linked polymer in which phenyl propane units are linked by carbon-carbon and carbon-oxygen bonds. This polymerization of precursors, p-coumaryl alcohol, coniferyl alcohol and sinapyl alcohol to lignin is formed by enzymic dehydrolyzation. The reaction is initiated by an electron transfer which results in the formation of resonance-stabilized phenoxy radical. The combination of these radicals produces a variety of dimers, trimers and oligomers and so on. Lignin research has been divided into basic and practical application field. The basic studies contains biosynthesis, chemical structure, distribution in the cell wall and reactivity by reductants, oxidants and organic solvents. The application research will be approached the reaction of lignin in various pulp making involving pulp bleaching and its effect on pulp qualities. Lignin also will be studied for the production of fine chemicals, polymer products and the conservation into an energy source like petroleum oil because the amount of lignin produced in pulp making process is more than 51,000,000 tons per year in the world. Both basic and application research must lay emphasis on the development for the utilization of lignin and the pulping process. But these researches can not be completed without understanding lignin structure containing functional groups. Therefore, this paper was focused on the review of lignin formulation which has been studied since 1948 in chronological order. This review was based on monomers, dimers, trimers and tetramers of phenyl propane unit structures which were isolated and identified by different methods from various wood.ious wood.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.265-286
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• 2009

Dumping describes the practice of international price discrimination whereby a producer or exporter sells merchandise in an export market at less than fair value. The U.S. antidumping statutory framework is embodied in the Tariff Act of 1930. The Act states that "dumping" refers to the sale or likely sale of goods at less than fair value. 19 U.S.C. $\S$ 1677(34). The Commerce Department and the Commission are jointly responsible for administering the antidumping law. Commerce determines whether foreign merchandise is being sold in the United States at less than fair value, and the Commission determines whether a domestic industry producing a product like the imported merchandise has been materially injured or threatened with material injury by reason of imports of that product. Recently, in U.S. v. Eurodif, the Supreme Court held the question whether the Commerce can reasonably determin that foreign merchandise has been sold within the meaning of the antidumping law in U.S.. Should 19 U.S.C. Section 1673, which calls for "antidumping" duties on foreign goods, but not services, that sell at less than fair value in the U.S., apply to imported low enriched uranium? Yes. In a unanimous opinion written by Justice David H. Souter, the Supreme Court held that the Commerce Department's view of imported low enriched uranium, as the sale of goods rather than services, was permissible. It reasoned that, since 19 U.S.C. Section 1673 did not specify whether it applied to the production of low enriched uranium, it was left to the reasonable interpretation of the Commerce Department to determine. Accordingly, the Court found the Commerce Department interpreted the statute reasonably.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.407-423
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyze Bakst's stage costume illustrations for Ballets Russes. The Russian Ballets has renown in the West since the early 20th century. Diaghilev first made his name as the organizer of art exhibitions in Russia and Western Europe. Diaghilev risked presenting only ballets in 1909, that time Bakst designed $Sch{\acute{e}}h{\acute{e}}razade$, L'Oiseau de Feu and Le Carnival. $Sch{\acute{e}}h{\acute{e}}razade$ was something new which overwhelmed the French people by then. It was seen to be the achievement of Wagner's idea where all the elements; the music, the design, the choreography, and the dancing fused into a perfect whole. The entire production was a hitherto unseen harmony of colors, sounds and movements. For the 1911 season in Paris, Diaghilev planned to present six new ballets and Bakst designed four ballets. Bakst's design of the set and the costume greatly shocked the audience. His "Originality" shines on the fact that he introduced a palette of colors in theater for the first time in history. He used a magic of colors to suggest the secret meaning of what was happening on the stage. The results can be divided into three distinct characteristics. First, oriental designs such as $Cl{\acute{e}}op{\hat{a}}tre$, $Sch{\acute{e}}h{\acute{e}}razade$, L'Oiseau de Feu, La $P{\acute{e}}ri$ and Le Dieu Blue with Russian, Indian and Persian traditional design in headdress and accessories ars found. Second, Le Carnival and La Spectre de la Rose used romantic styles with oriental details. Third, Greek chiton and Himation are used in Narcisse, $H{\acute{e}}l{\grave{e}}ne$ de Sparte, $L'Apr{\grave{e}}s-Midi\;d^{\grave{\;}}un$ Faune and Daphnis et $Chlo{\acute{e}}$ inspirde with various colors and geometic patterns. Bakst's orient of lush colored costumes, head dress, cushions, rugs and hangings became the immediate fashion imitated by Parisian couture houses and interior decorators.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.561-576
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• 2016

Born in the 19th century as an intermediate between the past and the future, steampunk provides a strong feeling of fantasy. The objective of this research is to understand the utilization of steampunk in all realms through an in-depth literature review and empirical study. Taking the findings as a foundation, we will analyze examples shown in fashion designs that are put into real production, and those designs that can provide inspiration for further design development. The research methodology will constitute a major analysis of advanced research, internet materials, and literature. Photo materials will be collected from professional websites for steampunk. The product method such as follows. Firstly, we will classify the internal meaning of characteristics in steampunk that are similar to the characteristics that are being researched, then take it as the standard and arrange to integrate all five features: restoration, pluralism, duplicity, resistibility and abnormality. We will spread out the design based on images from advanced research. Secondly, in order for to design a steampunk product, I decided on four themes: devastated environment, brutal wars, cool-headed machinery, and the overlap of the future and the past. Inspiration was acquired from representative movies and animations featuring steampunk. Thus, new directions for fashion design with steampunk features can be discovered. It raises the feasibility of this combination in modern society. In the future with the development of technology, it functions as a design that is easy for users to approach.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.671-688
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• 2018

This study investigates the characteristics of VR stores that emerged as new fashion communication media. Two case studies on Hyundai and eBay VR Department stores were conducted along with a discussion of the function and meaning of the fashion VR store. The results showed that both stores provide novel shopping experiences; however, the two were differentiated in terms of production method and technology implementation level. Functional aspects such as providing shopping efficiency and purchasing service was insufficient in both stores. Instead, they were complementing by means of product rotation, recommendation system, voice guidance, or linkage with an online shopping mall. In experiential aspects, both stores provided a strong sense of immersion. Hyundai VR store enhanced immersion with a high resolution image of a real offline store; however, it lacked in the ability to provide multisensory stimulation such as kinetic sense or auditory stimulation. The eBay VR Department store intensified the immersion experience by providing auditory stimulation as well as visual stimulation that enhanced the speed and distance sense through the utilization of animation. However, the extent of experience was limited in terms of agency and transformation because of the low interactivity found in both store systems.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.483-490
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to systematically organize the information for the regional resources from the agricultural management entities of convergence industry in Chungcheongnam-do. The target was the Sixth Agricultural Industry Association in Chungcheongnam-do; total 70 kinds of resources were investigated. The content was organized by name of regional source, introduction, photo, company and product information, feature of product, introduction of experience program, and etc., containing the value and meaning of products in stories of the regional sources and images. The material was organized in order of grains, fruits and vegetables, marine products, livestock, Korean sauces Kimchi, fermented broth concentrates, beverages tea, and other. It was saved as pdf file to distribute to the members; it may be utilized for online promotion, product promotion in exhibition festival sales promotion, posts for bulletin board hall, and etc. but also for promotional material in overseas marketing after translating to each language.

• Archives of design research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.83-91
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• 1999

In the late 19th century, the desire for pursuing new arts and aesthetics was evolveld and developed in various aspects in europe, and it appealed the characteristics of renovating society such as the arts and crafts movement in England. Vienna was developed in the center of the European empire under these environments, and provided the background as the main center for young artists. Vienna Art Nouveau blossomed under the mind of art pioneers that is "all arts are equal" and the Viennese political, economic, and cultural environments. They tried to show people new aesthetics under the mass-production by accepting machine. The goal of this study is to search the Secessions's role and the environment that make the base of modern aesthetics and differentiate from other Art Nouveau movements in Europe and to verify the meaning and value of that.

• Archives of design research
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• v.20 no.3 s.71
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• pp.179-190
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• 2007

Lucie Rie as an individual ceramist in terms of contemporary meaning was influenced by early 20th century's academic education and the ideology of modern formative arts. Modernity in her ceramic works has had a dramatic exert on numerous potters. Also, she is highly required to be studied in the history of modern pottery as a potter who took the initiative of studio pottery by the individual artistic handicraft. This paper considered an analysis of characteristics and techniques of 20C Modernistic ceramist Lucie Rie's works and activities. The body of this research investigated classification by chronicles and stylistic characteristics of her activity in the background of early 20th century European Modernism which influenced her formative arts. In addition, this article attempted to build up more specific comprehension on Lucie Rie's works and production process through an analysis of her techniques and artistic know-how..