• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.34 no.1 s.114
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• pp.69-80
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• 2006

The purposes of this study are to analyze the meanings of urban spaces which are the background of the Korean films, and to capture the interactions of ordinary culture and urban spaces. By reading urban spaces through films, it is possible to understand the variety of experiences that are hardly captured with direct eyes, specific and vivid urban images, and various events formed by the interactions of spaces and people. The scope of the study is the urban spaces revealed in Korean films portraying cities after the 1960's as their settings, and the total of 18 films was selected with every $4{\sim}5$ films for each time stage. With the selected films, analytical meanings were developed with considering three aspects; 1) phylogenetic meaning that simply reflects social-cultural and historical background, 2) the outer strum meaning that concerns the situation of special background and film scene, and 3) metaphorical and metanymic meaning on films. According to the appearance frequency, spatial backgrounds of film scenes are mainly alleys, main streets, railroad, loft, and riverside. And then the connection between spaces and meaning clusters was grasped, and reflected meanings were derived for every spaces. And the meaning of urban space in films was analyzed based on the meaning of developments and outer stratum. The fundamental characteristics and feelings of people in media such as films are more emphasized than in real world. Urban space is not considered as a simple visible shell, but is recognized as 'a real situation' created by people. The intension of this study was to open the possibility of the various views of urban spaces. The construction of the urban space should be approached from a perspective of creating new places at where the space and human beings interact with considerations of stories of various human lives. I hope new vistas can be opened up for the research subjects and methodologies about the hereafter study of urban spaces through the mutual communications with various adjacent regions including films.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.11-20
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to find out the meanings of water and water spaces in the Western architecture. The meaning of water is investigated by means of mythology and literature studies. It is found that water has ambivalent meanings, i.e. life and death, creation and destruction, chastity and sensuality. The meanings of water spaces in the Western architecture are dramatic, secret and dynamic, and represent publicity, verticality, formality in addition to desire for authority and realization(embodiment) of paradise. Water space is an essential component of beautiful and dynamic spaces and is used to revitalize dreary spaces.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.102-109
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• 2008

Recently, as emotional elements have been applied to many fields including marketing, architecture, and design, new understanding on and interest in sensibility are emerging. The sensibility, as opposite meaning to the reason, has been excluded from academic object, and researches in sensibility have been diversified for the meaning, scope, application methods and even application target of sensibility without consistency. This study aims to redefine meaning of sensibility by examining documents related to sensibility, and to examine the features of sensibility in design, especially in space design. Consequently, sensibility was defined to function as a filter which deals with numerous stimulative informations intuitively and uniformly while human gives significance to a stimulus. According to the examination on apparent features of sensibility and studies of sensibility engineering, the sensibility occurs not only by visual and physical stimulus but also by meaningful stimulus, and both are known to have mutual influence on each other. In space design, spaces of many purposes can be categorized into the spaces of routine and out of routine following the empirical time, and physical stimulus and interesting factor pursued by these spaces are inversely proportional. This study is meaningful insofar as it enabled to explain interaction between physical stimulus, meaning, and other factors within sensibility as a comprehensive concept by redefining its concept.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.111-119
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• 2008

This thesis is to make it clear that simulacre concept of is an important factor that provides the motive to make spaces and to make it clear that yard in Korean traditional architecture has more meaning of a container that contains the simulacres of life than formal aspects. Namely, focusing on the simulacres, among existing important factors that cause changes in architectural spaces such as structure, function, beauty, I shall make it clear that simulacre concept, which is a creation thinking of post-structuralism philosopher, Deleuze, is a logic that builds and changes spaces. Also, the purpose of this research is to investigate successive circularity of yard spaces with the mutual relationship between simulacre concept that has virtual multiplicity and yard in Korean traditional architecture, a space of infinite emptiness. When certain simulacres occur in the yard, the ambivalence of simulacres provides meanings to yard by affiliating numerous simulacre factors, then by combination among those meanings, yard get mutual dependence. This is an important core point that I have focused on the beginning of this research. This research has found out the successive circularity of yard based on the relationship between simulacres and the essence of yard. The meaning of this research is to have found out that yard has the meaning of "a bowl that contains the simulacres of life," going over the simple meaning as a space between door and fence. Also, the simulacre concept is thought to be discussed as a motive for creation of various spaces from now on.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.77-88
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• 2016

Low-rise Residential neighborhoods of Hongdae area, Garosu-gil, Samchung-dong, Itawon etc. are currently emerging new spaces for cultural consumption in the city. Nonetheless undiscerning excessive commercialization often results in monotonous urban space and deportation of residents and leaders of change; Due to commercialization and popularization recently this phenomenon is influencing surrounding low-rise residential neighborhoods. The main objective of this study is to examine how surrounding low-rise residential neighborhood transforms according to the expansion of culture-commerce spaces. Hongdae area's culture-commerce spaces and its expansion into Yeonnam-dong is investigated in specific. Especially attributes and main causes of transformation in physical and experiential space of neighborhood living facilities and residential buildings, when changed into culture-commerce related use is examined in detail. The expansion of culture-commerce space of Hongdae to Yeonnam-dong area has positive meaning in aspects of everyday experience. First, physical alteration of street-building relation increases direct and indirect contact of people. Contact opportunity carries important meaning in sense that it is prerequisite for next stage contact of network and exchange. Second, culture-commerce related programs provide the third place, where various leisure activities can take place. Attributes of transformation and positive meaning of culture-commerce spaces expanding its territory presents the need of management.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.166-174
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• 2009

Most of the furniture in the past was dedicated to its original use such as storage and accommodation of articles or sitting tools, but the concept of furniture in contemporary indoor spaces is gradually increasing in its meaning while exchanging close impacts with other spatial components. Indeed, in contemporary furniture, a component other than furniture constituting a space would sometimes serve the common roles of furniture or sometimes furniture would include all indoor objects used to make people's living more convenient. This study reviewed the meaning of furniture and changes in its roles in contemporary indoor spaces and summarized the characteristics presenting a few examples. First, in contemporary indoor spaces, furniture as an independent object does not having a meaning any more. The fusion of functions with other components constituting indoor spaces is the most important characteristics in contemporary furniture and it has been already attempted in diverse ways through fusion with buildings surpassing fusion with other pieces of furniture or electric home appliances. Second, the arrangement conforming to the roles required by spaces and diverse forms of attempts are essential. Since furniture is an item the most closely related to human residential life, studies on human behaviors in spaces must precede. The efforts to enhance work efficiencies and used limited spaces more efficiently will be continued and explorations of new forms should be also continued. Third, with regards to manufacturing methods, new technologies should be applied more widely and furniture materials must be diversified through the use of new materials including not only cutting-edge new materials but also all the materials that can be applied to furniture such as conventional natural materials and environment friendly materials that can be recycled.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.117-130
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to find out the transition of meaning and terminology of support spaces in Korean houses based on preliminary studies and analysis of Korean novels. The major findings are as follows. The planning and location of the kitchen and its support spaces developed slowly until the 1970s. Buok has been the terminology of support spaces that appeared often and continuously in novels. The word Bongdang was mentioned only before the 1900s. The new words such as Sikdang. Buokaband appeared after the 1960s,. Jubang appeared after the 1980s. The meaning of kitchen space described in novels were various. Thpically the kitchen was used for cooking washing dishes keeping kitchen utensils foods and miscellaneous goods. Exveptionally the kitchen was the place for quarreling with others weeping secretly hiding washing clothes etc. The kitchen was also a symbol of the wealth of the family but many kitchens were usually described in novels as the unpleasant places. Even though most users of the kitchen in novels were women men also used the kitchen in novels were women men also used the kitchen without any restrictions. however the activities of men and women of the upper class in the kitchen were never described in any novels.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.156-159
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to analyze the elements forming traditional houses and to find meaning of them by searching relationships among the elements and paradigms which had been used in making living spaces in that era. For analyzing traditional living spaces, traditional houses in the Namsan valley are sellected and which have been examined with the Pierce's semiotic theory. Through the semiotic analysis of spaces, the meaning of constituents forming spaces can be observed in the systematic as well as comprehensive points of view, and the paradigms that consists of the era can be redefined flexibly and this flexible concepts enables people to see their environment including human being broad and enriched.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.7-20
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• 2011

In this research, the changes of spaces on Namsan-Park and of the meaning of the park from the late 1900s through the early 1908s are analyzed, and the results are provided as follows. To begin with, inserting a concept of park to Namsan provided people with limitation in understanding definition of park, which indicated finite and constrained space, so that it distracted people from using spaces on Namsan. At that time, since the park was considered as one of key factors to establish Modern city, it was distinguished to the urban structure which had existed. After then, Joseon shrine, settled in Hanyang-Park, absorbed in functions of the park, so that the term of Hanyang-Park meant an area around the shrine or a boundary of the space. In addition, the particularity of Joseon shrine sometimes discouraged people from using the park spaces as well as spaces on the shrine, which led to decline the publicity of the park. However, Joseon shrine was correlated and planned with infrastructures of the city, Kyeongsung, not only physically but also visually in that Joseon shrine played role in one of components in Kyeongsung performed as an entertaining city such as a theme park. Lastly, Seoul is no longer subordinated and dependent city but has dramatically changed as a prominent city after regaining of independence in 1945. This indicates that the entertaining function of the old city was dismantled or reduced or transferred to public spaces, especially Namsan-Park. Consequently Namsan-Park has diverse and complex characteristics like traits of Kyeongsung, playing a pivotal role in providing cultural spaces, and its spatial organization is divided and planned based on various facilities and buildings on the park. This organization has a negative effect on the city and the park by decreasing in connectivity between them.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.679-686
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• 2022

In this study, the concept of lacunary statistical convergence is studied in G-metric spaces. The G-metric function is based on the concept of distance between three points. Considering this new concept of distance, we examined the relationships between GS, GS_θ, Gσ₁ and GN_θ sequence spaces.