• Development and Reproduction
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.193-204
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• 2017

The influence of triploidization on histological characteristics of retina, trunk kidney, liver and midgut tissue, and cell cycle of tail fin and gill tissue in far eastern catfish, Silurus asotus were analyzed. In the infertile triploid fish, the nucleus and/or cell size of secondary proximal tubule cells of trunk kidney, hepatocyte and midgut epithelium are much larger than those of the corresponding cells in the diploid fish (P<0.05). However, triploid tissue showed fewer number of outer nuclear layer in retina and nuclei in secondary proximal tubule of trunk kidney than those for diploid tissue. The mean percentages of the $G_l-$, the S- and the $G_2+M-phase$ fractions were 92.5%, 3.2% and 4.3% in tail fin tissue of diploid, and 93.4%, 2.6% and 4.0% in those of triploid, respectively. There were no significant differences in the percentages of each cell cycle fraction between diploid and triploid. The mean percentages of each phase fractions were 75.1%, 11.1% and 13.8% in gill tissue of diploid and 85.2%, 8.9% and 5.9% in those of triploid, respectively. The differences of cell cycle between tail fin tissue and gill tissue were statistically significant in diploid and triploid (P<0.05). Also, the differences between diploid and triploid were statistically significant in tail fin tissue and gill tissue (P<0.05). Cyclin D1 and cyclin E expressions were not significantly difference between gill tissue and tail fin tissue, and protein expressions of induced triploid were higher than those of diploid. Results from this study suggest that some characteristics in the triploid exhibiting larger cell and nucleus size with fewer number of cell than diploid can be used as an indicator in the identification of triploidization and ploidy level in far eastern catfish.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.80-89
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• 1990

The present study was conducted in order to get the relationship of heartworm, Dirofilaria immitis and eosinophils in blood of Jindo dogs. Blood samples were taken from 141( man 31, womam 110) of yellow, 44 ( man 17, woman27) of white Jindo dogs in Jindo area. The results obtained in this study were summarized as follows : 1. There were no significant differences of the hematological values in comparison with others reported values, but the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and the number of eosinophils were high in comparison with other reported values. 2. The mean values of total white blood cell count(P<0.05), neutrophil(P<0.05) and monocyte(P< 0.05) were that the yellow dogs and a tendency toward fisher values than the white dogs, but no significant differences were observed. 3. Age-related differences were detected for the total erythrocyte count(P<0.05), hemoglobin content (P<0.001), PCV(P<0.001) and the number of eosinophils(P<0.001). 4. The direct and indirect eosinophil counts were increased with age, there were no significant differences of the values between two groups. 5. Dirofilaria immitis was found in 34(18.4%), increased with age and were relatively significant differences in areas of the 185 Jindo dogs. 6. Survey for hematological values of Dirofilaria immitis infected dogs with direct and indirect method, mean values of eosinophil were 2,788/ ${\mu}l,$ 3,021/ ${\mu}$l, respectively. They showed that eosinophil had a tendency toward higher values than others, but others were no significant differences.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.1-23
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• 2007

Purpose: These experiments were undertaken to evaluate the effect of Onpoeum on ovarian functions and differential gone expressions related with cell viabilities caspase-3, MAPK and MPG in female mice. Methods: We administered the Onpoeum to 6-week-old female ICR mice for 4, 8, or 12 days. With different concentration of Onpoeum, the female mice were injected PMSG and hCG for ovarian hyperstimulation. The mice divided into 3 different groups for each experiment. We chose the Caspase-3 for cell apoptosis, MAPK and MPG genes for cell viability and DNA repair. Results: In case of 4, 8, 12 day of Onpoeum, we were examined the mean number of total ovulated oocytes and the number of morphologically normal oocytes. We were also examined the embryonic developmental competence in vitro. In audition we were examined the differential expression of cell apoptosis, viability and DNA repair related genes, Caspase-3, MAPK and MPG according to concentration and duration of Onpoeum. From these results showed that the administration of Onpoeum played a role of prevention of cell apoptosis and DNA damages and also increased cell proliferation resulted in ovarian functions. Conclusion: It is suggested that the medication of Onpoeum may have beneficial effect on reproductive functions of female mice via prevention of cell apoptosis and DNA damaging and promotion of cell proliferation.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.257-266
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• 2008

Purpose: These experiments were undertaken to evaluate the effect of Onpoeum on ovarian functions and differential gene expressions related with cell viabilities caspase-3, MAPK and MPG in female mice. Methods: We administered the Onpoeum to 6-week-old female ICR mice for 4, 8, or 12 days. With different concentration of Onpoeum, the female mice were injected PMSG and hCG for ovarian hyperstimulation. The mice divided into 3 different groups for each experiment. We chose the Caspase-3 for cell apoptosis, MAPK and MPG genes for cell viability and DNA repair. Results: In case of 4, 8, 12 day of Onpoeum, we were examined the mean number of total ovulated oocytes and the number of morphologically normal oocytes. We were also examined the embryonic developmental competence in vitro. In addition we were examined the differential expression of cell apoptosis, viability and DNA repair related genes, Caspase-3, MAPK and MPG according to concentration and duration of Onpoeum. From these results showed that the administration of Onpoeum played a role of prevention of cell apoptosis and DNA damages and also increased cell proliferation resulted in ovarian functions. Conclusions: It is suggested that the medication of Onpoeum may have beneficial effect on reproductive functions of female mice via prevention of cell apoptosis and DNA damaging and promotion of cell proliferation.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.153-160
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• 1994

This study evaluated the influence of cell stage of donor nucleus on nuclear injection, electrofusion and in vitro development in the rabbit to improve the efficiency of nuclear transplantation in the rabbit. The embryos of 8-, 16- and 32-cell stage were collected from the mated does by flushing viducts with Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline(D-PBS) containing 10% fetal calf serum(FGS) at 44, 54 and 60 hours after hCG injection. The blastorneres separated from these embryos were used as donor nucleus. The ovulated oocytes collected at 14 hours after hCG injection were used as recipient cytoplasm following removing the nucleus and the first polar body. The separated blastomeres were injected into the enucleated oocytes by micromanipulation and were electrofused in 0.28 M mannitol solution at 1.5 kV /cm, 60 $\mu$sec for three times. The fused oocytes were cocultured with a monolayer of rabbit oviductal epithelial cells in M-199 solution containing 10% FGS for 72~120 hours at 39$^{\circ}C$ in a 5% $CO_2$ incubator. The cultured nuclear transplant embryos were stained with Hoechst 33342 solution and the number of cells were counted by fluorescence microscopy. The successful injection rate of 8-, 16- and 32-cell-stageblastomeres into enucleated oocytes was 86.7, 91.0 and 93.9%, respectively. The electrofusion rate of 8-, 16- and 32-cell-stage blastomeres with enucleated oocytes was 93.3,89.3 and 79.0%, respectively. Development of blastomeres to blastocyst was similar with 8-,16- and 32-cell-stage donor nuclei(26.2, 25.8 and 26.6%, respectively, P<0.05). The mean number of cell cycle per day during in vitro culture in nuclear transplant embryos which received 8-, 16- and 32-cell- stage nuclei was 1.87, 1.81 and 1.43, respectively.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.91-110
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• 2007

Purpose : These experiments were undertaken to evaluate the effect of administration of Palmultang on ovarian functions and differential gene expressions related cell viabilities caspase-3, MAPK and MPG in female mice. Materials and Methods : We administered the Palmultang to 6-week-old female ICR mice for 4, 8, or 12 days. The female mice were injected PMSG and hCG for ovarian hyperstimulation. And then recovered ovaries were minced and extracted mRNA and analyzed cell viability related gene expression. We chose the caspase-3 for cell apoptosis, MAPK and MPG genes for cell viability and DNA repair. To compare the differences, we set a control group treated with plain water at the same volume by the same way. Results : In case of administration of Palmultang, the mean number of total ovulated oocytes and the number of morphologically normal oocytes increased significantly compared to a control group. We were also examined the embryonic developmental competence in vitro. The administration of Palmultang in a concentration with 10 and 100 mg/ml were beneficial effect of embryonic development in preimplantation period. The administration of Palmultang play a role of prevention of cell apoptosis and DNA damages and also increased cell proliferation resulted in ovarian functions. Conclusion : From our results suggested that the medication of Palmultang has beneficial effect on reproductive functions of female mice via prevention of cell apoptosis and DNA damaging and promotion of cell proliferation.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.213-217
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• 1999

In our previous study, we observed that hydrosalpingeal fluid (HSF) adversely effect mouswe embryo development and hatching. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of HSF as assessed by the blastocyst development rate (BDR) and by cell counting in vitro. HSF was collected from ninie patients undergoing salpingoneostomy to correct hydrosalpinx. Two-cell embryos were obtained from superovulated ICR mice. T6 medium and $T6{\pm}0.4%$ bovine serum albumin were used as control media. T6 medium containing 10% or 50% HSF and 100% HSF from each patient were used as test media. Nine to 15 embryos were cultured in micro drops prepared from each of these media. To assess the total cell number within each blastocyst, the blastocysts were fixed and stained with Hoechst 33342 to facilitate cell counting. The mean BDR in two control media were 88.89% and 85.40%. The mean BDR in media containing 10%, 50%, 100% HSF were 85.87%, 89.58% and $75.57%^*$, respectively ($^*$: p<0.05). The overall mean cell count $({\pm}SEM)$ in control media were $87.6{\pm}9.65\;and\;90.12{\pm}11.38$. The BDR was affected adversely only by 100% HSF and not in media containing 10% or 50% HSF. Mean cell counts were decreased significantly only in blastocysts cultured 100% HSF ($63.8{\pm}13.66$; p<0.01) but not in blastocysts cultured in 10% or 50% HSF ($91.3{\pm}12.44\;and\;82.9{\pm}18.27$, respectively). Thus, it is concluded that HSF has no embyotoxic effect but has a mildly negatively effect on embryonic growth and development.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.25-31
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• 2022

In ultra dense networks (UDNs), macro user equipments (MUEs) have significant interference from small-cell access points (SAPs) since a number of SAPs are deployed in the coverage of macro base stations of 5G mobile communication systems. In this paper, we propose a dynamic channel assignment scheme to increase the performance of MUEs for the uplink of UDNs even though the number of SAPs is increased. The target of the proposed dynamic channel assignment scheme is that the signal-to-interference and noise ratio (SINR) of MUEs is above a given SINR threshold assigning different subchannels to SUEs from those of MUEs. Simulation results show that the proposed dynamic channel assignment scheme outperforms others in terms of the mean MUE capacity even though the mean SUE capacity is decreased a little lower.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.883-887
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• 2015

This study investigated the quality of seven commercial salted and fermented sand lance Ammodytes personatus sauces by measuring their chemical compositions, bacteria concentrations, and biogenic amine contents. The sauces had a 63.97-67.32% (mean: 65.72%) moisture content, 23.16-24.03% (mean: 23.60%) salinity, 5.51-6.14 (mean: 5.81) pH, 164.76-217.98 mg/100 g (mean: 182.97 mg/100 g) volatile basic nitrogen, 0.94-1.42% (mean: 1.24%) total nitrogen, and 673.77-791.86 mg/100 g (mean: 720.76 mg/100 g) amino nitrogen content. Viable cell counts ranged from $1.2{\times}10^1$ to $2.9{\times}10^2CFU/mL$, and number of biogenic amine-forming bacteria was very low or not detected. Overall, the tested samples had average levels of histamine of 301.02 mg/kg, cadaverine of 29.78 mg/kg, tyramine of 199.21 mg/kg, putrescine of 183.00 mg/kg, and tyramine of 13.01 mg/kg. This strongly suggests that it is necessary to monitor the biogenic amine contents of commercial salted and fermented sand lance sauces carefully to ensure consumer health.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.357-364
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• 2011

To evaluate hepatoprotective effect of Epimedium Koreanum nakai (EKN) on liver-damaged animal model, rats were intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride (1 ml/kg) for 9 weeks orally. Liver-damaged rats were divided into 2 groups: liver-damaged control (LDC) group and EKN group were administered vehicle (saline), EKN extract per os for 4 weeks respectively. Normal control (NC) group was administered saline as the same process of LDC group. The weights of prostate (absolute), testis (relative), epididymis (relative) and packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of EKN group significantly (P < 0.05) increased compared with LDC group. But Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpusulcar hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were significantly (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) decreased. Fibrotic regions in hepatic parenchyma of EKN group significantly (P < 0.01) decreased compared with LDC group and mean diameters of hepatic lobules significantly (P < 0.01) increased. Percentages of degenerative kidney regions and number of degenerative kidney tubules, number of vasodilated atrophic glomerulus of EKN group was significantly (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) decreased compared with LDC group. Number of atrophic seminiferous tubules and epididymal tubules showing oligospermatozoa of EKN group were significantly (P < 0.01) decreased compared with LDC group. In conclusion, EKN extract has a favorable effect on the $CCl_4$-induced liver damage.