• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.199-209
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• 2020

Objective: The purpose of this paper is to report the improvement in a patient with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) treated with herbal medication based on the Shanghanlun disease pattern identification diagnostic system. Methods: According to the 'Disease Pattern Identification Diagnostic System based on Shanghanlun Provisions,'the patient was diagnosed with Guorem-byung number 350 provision, and took Baekho-tang herbal medication for 15 days. The result of administration was evaluated using the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Results: After administration of Baekho-tang for 15 days, based on the 350 provision of Baekho-tang diagnosed according to the Shanghanlun provisions, the DHI score decreased from 74 to 16 and the VAS score decreased from 10 to 1. Conclusions: The patient recovered from symptoms of BPPV. This case report suggests that the words '滑,''厥,''裏'on the 350 provision of Shanghanlun mean physical and psychological causes of BPPV in this case.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.641-651
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• 2021

To handle the servo delay in a real-time adaptive optics system, a linear subspace system identification algorithm was employed to model the system, and the accuracy of the system identification was verified by numerical calculation. Experimental verification was conducted in a real test bed system. Through analysis and comparison of the experimental results, the convergence can be achieved only 200 times with prediction and 300 times without prediction. After the wavefront peak-to-valley value converges, its mean values are 0.27, 4.27, and 10.14 ㎛ when the communication distances are 1.2, 4.5, and 10.2 km, respectively. The prediction algorithm can effectively improve the convergence speed of the peak-to-valley value and improve the free-space optical communication performance.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2024

This paper investigates the identification and modeling of a climate greenhouse. Given real climate data from greenhouse installed in the LAPER laboratory in Tunisia, the objective of this paper is to propose a solution of the problem of nonlinear time variant inputs and outputs of greenhouse internal climate. Based on fuzzy logic technique combined with least mean squares (lms) a robust greenhouse climate model for internal temperature prediction is proposed. The simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the identification approach and the power of the implemented Takagi-Sugeno Fuzzy model based Algorithm.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제32권1호통권90호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2002

본 연구는 측모두부방사선규격사진의 디지털 영상을 enhancement하였을 때 계측점 설정의 재현도를 비교 평가하여 두부방사선사진 계측점 설정에 도움이 되고자 시행되었다. 10명의 측모두부방사선규격사진을 촬영하여 컴퓨터에 입력하고 Quick Ceph Image Pro$^{TM}$에서 gray-scale equalization number를 50으로, detail enhancement number를 50으로 설정하여 방사선상을 4단계까지 enhancement하였다. 5명의 조사자가 모니터 상에서 32개의 계측점을 설정하고 방사선상의 각 enhancement 단계에서 각 계측점에 대해 5명의 조사자가 설정한 점과 이 점들의 중심점간의 거리인 편위량으로 조사자간 계측점 설정의 재현도를 비교 평가하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Enhancement를 하지 않은 방사선상에서 조사자간 재현도는 계측점에 따라 다양하게 나타났다. 2. 방사선상 enhancement 따른 계측점의 편위량을 비교한 결과, 5개의 계측점에서 방사선상의 enhancement 단계간에 조사자간 계측점 설정의 재현도가 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 3. 계측점 pterygomaxillary fissure는 enhancement 단계 1과 2의 방사선상에서, 계측점 Posterior nasal spine은 enhancement 단계 1의 방사선상에서, 계측점 menton은 enhancement 단계 2, 3과 4의 방사선상에서 조사자간 계측점 설정의 재현도가 enhancement하지 않은 영상에 비하여 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 모니터 상에서 측모두부방사선규격사진의 계측점 설정시 디지털 방사선상의 enhancement를 통하여 일부 계측점에서 재현도를 증가시킬 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.28-35
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to determine whether gender differences existed in knee valgus kinematics in college students when performing a vertical drop landing. The hypothesis of this study was that females would demonstrate greater knee valgus motion. These differences in knee valgus motion may be indicative of decreased dynamic knee joint control in females. This study compared the initial knee valgus angle and maximum knee valgus angle at the instant of impact on vertical drop landings between healthy men and women. In this study, 60 participants (30 males, 30 females) dropped from a height of 43 cm. A digital camera and two-dimensional video motion analysis software were used to analyze the kinematic data. There was significant difference in the mean knee valgus angle at initial contact landing between the two groups (Mean=$7.88^{\circ}$, SD=$4.24^{\circ}$ in males, Mean=$12.93^{\circ}$, SD=$2.89^{\circ}$ in females). The range of knee valgus angle on landing (Mean=$3.25^{\circ}$, SD=$5.72^{\circ}$ in males, Mean=$11.44^{\circ}$, SD=$6.39^{\circ}$ in females) was differed significantly (p<.05). The maximal angle of knee valgus on landing (Mean=$10.91^{\circ}$, SD=$6.89^{\circ}$ in males, Mean=$24.25^{\circ}$, SD=$6.38^{\circ}$ in females) was also differed significantly (p<.05). The females landed with a larger range of knee valgus motion than the males and this might have increased the likelihood of a knee injury. The absence of dynamic knee joint stability may be responsible for increased rates of knee injury in females. No method for accurate and practical screening and identification of athletes at increased risk of ACL injury is currently available to target those individuals that would benefit from neuromuscular training before sports participation.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.307-311
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• 2007

Purpose: The aim of this study was simply assessing linear measurements in the lateral and medial approach, respectively, for bone harvesting using anatomic and three-dimensional(3D) computed tomographic(CT) analyses on a dried cadaveric proximal tibia. In addition, the availability of the three-dimensional computed tomographic(3D-CT) analysis was also estimated. Materials and methods: Ten dried proximal tibia were obtained from five Korean cadavers. Four the reference points, the SM(superior-medial), IM(inferior-medial), SL(superior-lateral), and IL(inferior-lateral) were marked around the tibial tuberosity. The PM(posterior-medial) and PL(posterior-lateral) points were randomly marked at points farthest from the lateral and medial reference points, respectively, in the posterior border of the superior articular surface of both condyles. All measurements were obtained on the dried proximal tibia. After computed tomography had been performed, the three dimensional images were reconstructed using V works $4.0^{TM}$(Cybermed Inc., Seoul, Korea), and the length between the reference points were measured three dimensionally using the method described above. The error between the mean actual and mean 3D-CT measurements was calculated in order to determine the availability of the three dimensional computed tomographic analysis. Results: The length between the reference points was greatest at the IL-PM, which averaged $65.39mm{\pm}10.35$. This was followed by the SL-PM with $63.24mm{\pm}8.10$, the IM-PL with $58.09mm{\pm}10.02$, and the SM-PL with $51.99mm{\pm}9.06$. The differences between the IL-PM and SM-PL were 13.4 mm. The mean values were 55.04 mm in the medial approach and 64.32 mm in the lateral approach, and the differences between medial and lateral were 9.28 mm. The error between the mean actual and mean 3D-CT measurements was 0.31% and the standard deviation was 0.28%. Conclusion: The anatomical and three dimensional computed tomographic analysis indicates that there was only a 9.28 mm linear difference between the lateral and medial approach. This is consistent with previous studies, which showed that there was little difference between the two approaches in terms of the bone volume. In addition, the error(0.31%) and the standard deviation(0.28%) were considered low, demonstrating high accuracy of 3D-CT. Therefore it can be used in preoperative treatment planning.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.955-970
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• 2017

Objectives: The aim of this observational study was to identify and analyze the patterns to compare the characteristics of asthma patients. Methods: The subjects were 40 asthma patients who had satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were divided into deficiency syndrome and excess syndrome groups, and cold syndrome and heat syndrome groups. Their quality of life was measured by the quality of life questionnaire for adult Korean asthmatics (QLQAKA) and VAS. Heart rate variability (HRV) was measured, and the degree of obesity was evaluated by body mass index (BMI). Hematological, biochemical, and immunoglobulin (Ig) E laboratory tests were included. Results: Based on pattern identification, the 40 asthma patients could be divided into two categories of groups: 1) the deficiency syndrome (N=18) and the excess syndrome (N=22) groups: 2) the cold syndrome (N=35) and the heat syndrome (N=5) groups. The mean value of HF differed significantly between the deficiency and excess syndrome groups. The mean value of IgE in blood tests of asthmatics was greater than four times the reference value. For BMI, the subjects were classified into three groups: normal weight (N=12), overweight (N=12), and obese (N=16). Conclusions: Development of a more accurate asthma-specific pattern identification tool could play a crucial role in asthma control. In addition, good control of asthma can improve the quality of life. Obesity is one of the factors associated with asthma exacerbation.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.110-123
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• 2019

교통 데이터는 교통계획이나 교통시스템 운영에 필요한 기초 자료이며 최근 ADAS 카메라로 측정한 선행 차량과의 거리를 이용하여 교통류를 파악하는 방법이 시도되고 있다. 본 연구는 영상기반 차량인식의 거리오차를 반영한 미시적 시뮬레이션 분석을 통해 교통류를 추정하기 위한 ADAS 차량의 활용 가능성을 살펴보았다. 차로수, 교통수요, 프로브 차량의 점유율(MPR), 시공간 검지영역 등에 따른 교통류 추정치의 표준 평균 제곱근 오차를 통해 분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과, ADAS 카메라의 최대 인식거리의 한계로 저밀도 교통류(LOS A, LOS B)의 추정치는 신뢰할 수 없는 수준이다. 다차로나 교통수요가 크고 점유율(MPR)이 높을 경우 추정치의 신뢰성이 개선될 수 있지만, 인위적으로 점유율(MPR)을 높이는 것은 현실적으로 어려움이 있다. 또한, 검지영역의 시간범위를 연장함으로써 추정치의 신뢰성을 개선할 수 있지만, 가장 크게 영향을 미치는 것은 ADAS 차량의 주행행태로서 해당 차량이 도로의 교통류와 상이한 주행행태를 보일 경우 그 추정치는 신뢰할 수 없게 된다. 결론적으로 모든 교통류를 정확히 추정하지는 못 하지만 ADAS 카메라의 성능이나 기능을 개선함으로써 ADAS 차량의 활용 가능성은 확대될 것이다.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.131-141
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• 2013

본 연구는 2011년 9월에서 12월까지 동해(북부, 중부, 남부), 서해, 동중국해의 해구에서 각각 채집된 살오징어의 계군을 형태 및 유전학 차이를 이용하여 구분하였다. 형태학적 차이에 따른 계군분석은 평균성숙외투장(20-22 cm)을 기준으로 하여 발생시기를 구분하였고, 유전학적 특성에 따른 계군은 mtDNA COI 영역의 염기변이에 의한 유전자 다양성을 이용하여 확인하였다. 본 연구 결과 평균성숙외투장을 기준으로 동해 북부는 발생시기가 하계군, 나머지 집단(동해 중부, 동해 남부, 동중국해 북부, 서해 북부)은 추계군으로 크게 2개의 계군으로 추정되었다. 유전자 분석결과 살오징어 mtDNA COI 영역에서 총 49개의 haplotype을 확인하였다. TCS 분석결과 haplotype 유전자형 네트워크가 star-like형태이며, 모든 집단에서 유전적 다양성(haplotype diversity, h)이 높고(h=0.661~0.841), 반면에 염기 다양도(nucleotide diversity, ${\pi}$)가 낮게 나타난 점으로 미루어보아 국내 서식 살오징어의 경우 최근에 급속한 집단의 분화가 이루어진 것으로 판단된다. Pairwise Fst를 이용한 집단분석결과 비록 모든 집단간의 유전적 차이가 낮게 나타났지만(Fst = 0.001~0.043) 평균성숙외투장 기준으로 같은 추계군으로 분류된 집단(동해 중부, 동해남부, 서해 북부)간에는 유전적 차이를 확인할 수 있었다(P<0.05).

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.582-596
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• 2019

Objective: The aims of this study were to analyze the deficiency-excess pattern identification (虛實辨證) and compare it to the sputum cytokines of asthma patients. Method: 50 asthma patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in this study. They were divided into two groups: deficiency and excess syndrome groups. Sputum examinations were performed including $TNF-{\alpha}$, Interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13. The Quality of Life Questionnaire for Adult Korean Asthmatics (QLQAKA), the Visual Analog Scale(VAS), and heart rate variability (HRV) were also measured. We also conducted laboratory tests, including the hematological indexes. Results: Based on the pattern identification, 50 asthma patients can be divided into two categories of groups: the deficiency syndrome group (N=24) and the excess syndrome group (N=26). In the analysis of sputum cytokines, although the $TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-4 and IL-13 were at a higher level in the deficient pattern group than in the excess pattern group, it was insignificantly different. There was a negative correlation in the analysis of QLQAKA and VAS. In the analysis of HRV, although the mean value of VLF, LF, and HF in the deficiency syndrome group was higher than in the excess syndrome group, it was insignificantly different. There was no significant difference in the hematological tests between the deficiency and the excess syndrome group. The mean value of the IgE in the blood tests was five times greater than the reference value. Conclusion: The cytokines of sputum including $TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13 were indifferent statistically. Reinforcing the healthy and eliminating the pathogenic factors should be considered.