• KSBB Journal
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.456-460
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• 1998

Fed-batch fermentations were carried out in order to improve the efficiency of hirudin production by recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A fed-batch fermentation done with the optimized semi-synthetic medium resulted in a maximum hirudin concentration of 342mg/$\ell$ by keeping a galactose concentrations between 10 and 30g/$\ell$ which corresponded to a 11.4-fold increase in hirudin concentration compared with the simple bach fermentation done with the same medium. Comparison of the chromatographic pattern of proteins in the growth medium clearly showed that the use of the semi-synthetic medium is more advantageous for separation of hirudin than the case o fusing the complex medium. Continuous cell recycle fermentation done at dilution rate of 0.1h-1 and an inlet galactose concentration of 100g/$\ell$ yielded a maximum hirudin productivity of 19.1mg hirudin/$\ell$$.$h.

• 한국미생물생명공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국미생물생명공학회 1979년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.115.2-115
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• 1979

By employing a two-stage continuous culture system, some of important physiological parameters involved in cellulase bicsynthesis have been evalua-ted with an ultimate objective of detigning an op-timally controlled tellulase process. Volumetric and specific cellulase productivities obtained were 90 IU/liter/hr and 8IU/g biomass/hr respectively. The maximum specific enzyme productivity observed was 14.8 IU/g hiomass/hr. The optimal dilution rate in the second stage which corresponded to the maximum enzyme productivity was 0.026-0.028 hr$^{-1}$ , and the specific growth rate in the second stage ihat suported maximum specific enzyme productivity was equal to orslightly less than zero. The maintenance coefficients deter-mined for oxygen and for carbon source are M$_{o}$=0.85mmmole/g biomass/hr and M$_{c}$=0.14 mmole hexose/g bio mass/hr respectively. The yield constants determined are; Y(x/o) =32.3g biomass/mole oxygen, Y (x/c) =1.1g bio-mass/g carbon or 0.44g biomass/g hexose, Y(x/n) = 19.6g biomass/g nitrogen for the enzyme produc-tion stage and 12.5g biomass/g nitrogen for the cell growth stage.e.e.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.235-239
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• 1997

Chlorococcum littorale has been grown in high $CO_2$ concentrations to utilize $CO_2$ gas in the polluted air. The effect of incident light intensity on the specific growth rate is expressed by a photoinhibition model, showing half- saturation constant, $K_0\;as\;8\;(W/m^2)$ and inhibition constant, Ki as 35 $(W/m^2)$. The maximum specific growth rate was also estimated as 0.095 (1/day) under this condition. This strain maintained the optimum growth rate in 20% of $CO_2$ gas but 50% of input $CO_2$ gas is the maximum concentration considering the economical efficiency. The maximum Specific $CO_2$ consumption rate, $qCO_2$ was measured as 17.48 (mg $CO_2/g$ dry wt./day) in batch cultivation, 11.2 (mg $CO_2/g$ dry wt./day) in fed-batch cultivation and 10.87 (mg $CO_2/g$ dry wt./day) at 0.065 (1/day) of dilution rate in continuous cultivation. The chemical composition of the biomass obtained from this process showed 32.5% of protein, 27.5% of lipid, 16.5% of carbohydrate and ash 11.7%.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.411-417
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• 1998

The possibility of application of membrane type immobilized adsorbent to the fed-batch or perfusion culture system with anchorage-independent cells as well as batch system was investigated. The improvement in cell density and cell viability due to the combination of immobilized adsorbent with each culture system was evaluated for the investigation, and the optimum culture system employing immobilized adsorbent system was suggested based on the results. It was observed that the system with immobilized adsorbent showed better cell growth and cell viability than that without immobilized adsorbent in every operation system of batch, fed-batch, and perfusion. In case of batch system, 200% improvement of maximum cell density was observed in the system where ammonium chloride was added on purpose. And 50% improvement of maximum cell density was observed in the fed-batch system where ammonium ion accumulates significantly, while small increase in maximum cell density was observed in the perfusion system where dilution of waste byproducts exists. Especially, the fed-batch system showed the most significant improvement on cell growth because both compensation of nutrient and removal of ammonium ion occurred simultaneously in the system. Therefore a combined system of immobilized adsorbent and fed-batch operation could be suggested as an optimum system with in situ removal of ammonium ion.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.525-532
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 히아루론산(Hyaluronic acid) (HA)의 시간당 부피생산성(g/l/h)을 증가시키기 위해, 이전의 회분식 배양결과를 바탕으로 S. zooepidemicus를 이용한 연속식 배양공정을 개발하고자 하였다. 약 8시간까지 회분식으로 발효조를 운영한 후, 0.029/h의 희석속도(D1)로 48시간까지 1단계 연속배양을, 그 후 약 96시간까지 0.036/h의 희석속도(D2)로 최종 2단계 연속배양을 수행하였다. 회분식 배양 말기에 HA의 생산량은 3.85 g/l이었으며, 1단계 연속배양 기간 동안에는 7.5-10 g/l(건조 HA인 경우는 13.39-14.2 g/l)의 농도로 생산되었다. 계속된 2단계 연속배양에서는, 희석속도의 증가로 인해, 초반에 잠시 HA 생산성이 8.28 g/l (건조 HA인 경우는 11.63 g/l)까지 감소하다가, 서서히 증가하면서 다시 새로운 정상상태로 접근해 가는 현상을 관찰할 수 있었다. 2단계 연속배양에서의 HA 생산량은 약 8.28-9.48 g/l (건조 HA의 경우는 11.0-13.37 g/l) (1단계 연속배양 대비 약 4.7% 소량 감소)로서, 배양 종료까지 비교적 안정적으로 유지되는 것으로 나타났다. 그렇지만 HA의 부피생산성(DP)(= 희석속도 × HA 생산농도)(g/l/h)은 희석속도를 D1에서 D2로 약 24% 증가시킨 결과. 2단계 기간인 배양 약 96시간 경에 최대 0.341 g/l/h에 이르는 것으로 관찰되었는데, 이는 대조군으로 수행한 회분식 배양의 평균 부피생산성(0.331 g/l/h)에 비해 3% 가량 소량 증가된 수치이다. 하지만, 연속배양 공정의 경우, 회분식 배양에서는 반드시 요구되는 다단계의 성장배양 단계를 진행하지 않고도, 최종 생산배양 공정만을 연속적으로 수행할 수 있으므로, 회분식 배양공정의 전체 배양시간(즉 다단계 성장발효조 배양 기간 + 최종 생산발효조 배양 기간)을 기준으로 비교한다면, 연속배양의 HA의 부피생산성이 회분식배양 대비 큰 폭으로 향상될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 한편 본 연속배양 연구에서 사용한 생산배지는 회분식 배양에서 생산균주의 배양생리적 특성에 맞추어서 최적화된 배지임을 고려할 때, 연속배양 공정에 적용될 수 있는 최적배지가 개발된다면, 장기간 생산 안정성을 유지하면서 동시에 부피생산성도 증가하는, 경제적인 연속배양 공정이 개발될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.115-124
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• 2016

The present study analyzes T1 TSE and T1 slice sel. IR (dark_fluid) signal strength according to the degree of gadolinium contrast agent dilution and analyzes the turbo factors with regard to changes in the maximum and overall signal strength to study correlations between changes and signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and compare peak-to-peak SNR (PSNR) enhancement in order to improve the quality of T1-weighted images. Enhancement TR (600 msec) evaluated to determine the T1 TSE turbo factor and obtain the maximum signal strength, T1WI were used sequentially to experiment with turbo factors_1-4. T1 slice sel. IR (dark-fluid) was used to sequentially test turbo factors_2-5 but not turbo factor_1 at a TR (1500 msec) and compare data at an increase in T1 of 900 msec. The T1 TSE was reduced according to the contrast agent concentration. Phantom signal strength increased, whereas turbo factors_1-4 exhibited maximum signal strength at a concentration of 3 mmol, followed by a gradual decrease. In the turbo factors_2-5, the signal strength increased sharply to maximum signal strength at 0.7 mmol, followed by a reduction. T1 TSE had a greater maximum signal strength than did T1 slice sel. IR (dark_fluid). A comparison of SNR found that T1 TSE imaging was superior (33.3 dB) in turbo factor_1 and T1 slice sel. IR (dark_fluid) was highest (33.9 dB) at turbo factor_5. A PSNR comparison analysis was not sufficient to distinguish between the images obtained with both techniques at 30 dB or higher under all experimental conditions.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.355-363
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• 1990

서울 인근의 생활하수에서 메탄올을 이용하는 박테리아를 분리하였다. 이의 최적 성장을 위한 온도 및 pH는 각각 $33^{\circ}C$ 및 7.1이었다. 최대비성장율은 $0.42hr^{-1}$을 나타내었다. 최소 배지조성은 기본배지의 양을 안정상테에서 연속발효법으로 구하였으며, 그 조성은 다음과 같다(g / l); Methanol 40, $(NH_4)_2\;SO_42,\;KH_2PO_4\;1.5,\;K_2HPO_4\;0.2,\;H_3PO_4\;0.79,\;Na_2HPO_4{\cdot}12H_2O\;0.15,\;MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O\;1.5,\;FeSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O\;0.034,\;MnSO_4{\cdot}4H_2O\;0.005,\;CuSO_4{\cdot}5H_2O\;0.0027,\;CaCl_2{\cdot}2H_2O\;0.25,\;ZnSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O\;0.007,\;(NH_4)_6\;Mo_7O_{24}{\cdot}4H_2O\;0.00048,\;H_3BO_3\;0.00068,\;CoCl_2\; 0.00024$ 최적 배지 조건에서 구한 최대 세포생산성은 3.8g / l / hr였으며, 이때의 회석율은 $0.23hr^{-1}$이었다. 최대 세포농도와 그대의 단백질의 함량은 각각 19.5g / l 및 70%였으며, 이때의 회석율은 $0.1hr^{-1}$이었다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2000년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.121-124
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• 2000

본 연구의 목적은 식품부산물로부터 유기산 생산 및 분리 농축에 있다. 회분식 발효를 실시하여 균주의 최적 발효조건을 구하여 세포 재순환식 연속 발효공정에 적용한 결과, CSL의 최적 함량은 2.5%로 나타났으며 수율과 생산성은 각각 0.80g total acid/g glucose, 0.26g total acid/L/h로 향상 되었다. 세포 재순환식 연속발효 결과, 최대 유기산 생산성은 희석률 0.2/h에서 3.32g organic acid/L/h로 회분식 발효와 비교해 볼 때 최대 생산성으로는 13배, 세포량으로는 22배 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 최적 추출시스템은 30%w/w TOA/MIBK로 나타났으며, 발효액내의 유기산을 약 90%까지 분리 및 농축할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.18-22
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• 1997

Bifidobacterium longum을 고농도 배양하기 위하여 최적 생육 조건을 조사하고 cross-flow filtration으로 생육 저해 대사산물인 lactic acid와 acetic acid를 제거하면서 균체 순환 배양을 사용하였다. 회분 배양에서는 탄소원으로 glucose를 50 g/l 농도로 사용하고 초기 pH 6.5인 경우 생육이 가장 높았다. B. longum을 cross-flow filtration으로 12시간 배양한 결과, 희석속도 $0.31h^{-1}$에서 최대 균체농도에 도달하여 16.4g/l의 건조균체량을 얻었으며 이로써 회분 배양시 보다 약 4배 높은 균체를 생산하였다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.325-333
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• 1999

The antibacterial efficacy of a mouthrinse(Denta Gargle) containing CPC(cetylpyridinium chloride), NaF and UDCA(ursodeoxycholic acid), on major periodontopathogens, was in vitro examined and compared with that of Listerine by a broth dilution method. The bacteria tested were Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Bacteroides forsythus, Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. vincentii, Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola. The growth of all the bacteria were completely inhibited by a 1-min exposure to the both mouthrinses. When diluted at 1:5 or more, all bacteria analyzed but P. intermedia were not inhibited by Listerine. In contrast, Denta Gargle showed highly increased maximum inhibitory dilutions(MID) against all periodontopathogens included in this study, with MIDs ranging from 5-fold(F. nucleatum) to 160-fold dilutions(P. intermedia). The MIDs against A. actinomycetemcomitans, B. forsythus, P. gingivalis and T. denticola. were 1:40, 1:80, 1:80 and 1:80, respectively.