• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.829-846
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 유기재배시 질소, 인산 및 칼리 비료 시비량에 따른 무의 생육과 수량성, 양분의 흡수량 그리고 투입 양분의 이용율 등을 구명하였다. 처리내용은 무 표준시비량($N-P_2O_5-K_2O$ : 230-70-80)을 기준으로 시비수준을 달리한 T1(무비료), T2 ($N-P_2O_5-K_2O$ : 115-35-40), T3 ($N-P_2O_5-K_2O$ : 230-70-80) 및 T4($N-P_2O_5-K_2O$ : 460-140-160) 처리와, 토양검정에 의한 추천시비량 T5 ($N-P_2O_5-K_2O$ : 230-200-100) 그리고 농가관행 시비량 T6 ($N-P_2O_5-K_2O$ : 158-53-35) 등 6처리를 하였으며 각각의 시비수준에 맞추어 유기질비료의 시비량을 결정하고 부족한 칼리성분은 칼륨비료($K_2O$ 22%)로 보충시비하여 시험을 수행하였다. 무 수량성은 T3 (표준시비량) 및 T5 (토양검정에 의한 추천시비량) 처리구에서 최대수량을 얻었으며 T6 (관행시비량) 처리구 보다 15~23% 증가되었다. 무의 전질소, 인산 및 칼리 흡수량은 시비량이 증가함에 따라 모두 곡선적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였으며 칼리 흡수량이 전질소 및 인산보다 많았다. 그러나 질소 등 투입 양분의 이용율은 시비량이 증가함에 따라 모두 곡선적 또는 직선적으로 감소하였다. 따라서 화산회토에서 무 재배시 유기질비료 시용량은 표준 또는 토양검정시비량을 기준으로 결정하는 것이 보다 안정적인 유기농산물 생산을 위한 적정 시비량으로 판단되었다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.541-550
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• 2012

본 연구의 목적은 유산소성운동과 반신욕 처치의 차이가 비만 중년남성의 혈액성분, 호흡순환기능 및 혈관탄성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 규명하기 위한 목적으로 수행되었다. 본 연구의 대상자는 비만 중년남성 30명을 선정하여 유산소성운동집단(n=10), 반신욕 처치집단(n=10), 통제집단(n=10)으로 구분하여 3집단으로 구성하였다. 이들은 12주간 유산소성운동프로그램 및 반신욕 처치 전 후 각 혈액성분, 호흡순환기능 및 혈관탄성의 변화를 살펴보기 위하여 반복이 있는 이원변량분석(repeated 2-way ANOVA)을 실시하였으며, Scheffe 방법을 이용하여 사후분석을 실시하였으며 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 첫째, 12주간 처치 후 유산소성운동 참여집단의 모든 혈액성분은 반신욕집단과 통제집단에 비해 유의하게 감소 및 증가하였으며, 반신욕집단은 Triglyceride, LDL-C, HDL-C에서 통제집단에 비해 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 특히, HDL-C의 수준은 유산소성 운동집단과 반신욕 집단간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 둘째, 12주간 처치 후 최대산소섭취량, 최대심박수, 최대환기량은 유산소성 운동집단이 반신욕과 통제집단에 비해 유의하게 증가하였다. 그러나 반신욕집단과 통제집단간에는 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 셋째, 혈관탄성은 유산소 운동집단이 반신욕집단과 통제집단에 비해 왼팔,오른팔 및 왼다리, 오른다리에서 유의하게 향상된 것으로 나타났으며, 반신욕집단 역시 통제집단보다 혈관탄성이 향상된 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 유산소성 운동과 반신욕 참여는 비만 중년 남성의 혈액성분 개선과 혈류순환 및 혈관기능의 개선에 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.598-607
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• 2016

This study was conducted to evaluate the amount of nitrogen (N) top dressing based on the normalized difference vegetation indices (NDVI) by ground based sensors for leaf perilla under the polyethylene house. Experimental design was the randomized complete block design for five N fertilization levels and conventional fertilization with 3 and 4 replications in Gumsan-gun and Milyang-si field, respectively. Dry weight (DW), concentration of N, and amount of N uptake by leaf perilla as well as NDVIs from sensors were measured monthly. Difference of growth characteristics among treatments in Gumsan field was wider than Milyang. SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter reading explained 43.4% of the variability in N content of leaves in Gumsan field at $150^{th}$ day after seedling (DAS) and 45.9% in Milyang at $239^{th}$ DAS. Indexes of red sensor (RNDVI) and amber sensor (ANDVI) at $172^{th}$ day after seedling (DAS) in Gumsan explained 50% and 57% of the variability in N content of leaves. RNDVI and ANDVI at $31^{th}$ DAS in Milyang explained 60% and 65% of the variability in DW of leaves. Based on the relationship between ANDVI and N application rate, ANDVI at $172^{th}$ DAS in Gumsan explained 57% of the variability in N application rate but non significant relationship in Milyang field. Average sufficiency index (SI) calculated from ratio of each measurement index per maximum index of ANDVI at $172^{th}$ DAS in Gumsan explained 73% of the variability in N application rate. Although the relationship between NDVIs and growth characteristics was various upon growing season, SI by NDVIs of ground based remote sensors at top dressing season was thought to be useful index for recommendation of N top dressing rate of leaf perilla.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.463-471
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• 2018

The present paper deals with the liquid-liquid extraction and flat sheet supported liquid membrane studies of Pd(II) separation from nitric acid medium using a novel synthesized ligand, namely, N,N,N',N'-tetraethyl-2,2-thiodiethanthiodiglycolamide (TETEDGA). The effect of various diluents and stripping reagents on the extraction of Pd(II) was studied. The liquid-liquid extraction studies showed complete extraction of Pd(II) in ~ 5 min. The influence of nitric acid and TETEDGA concentration on the distribution of Pd(II) has been investigated. The increase in nitric acid concentration resulted in increase in extraction of Pd(II). Stoichiometry of the extracted species was found to be $Pd(NO_3)_2{\cdot}TETEDGA$ by slope analysis method. Extraction studies with SSCD solution showed negligible uptake of Pt, Cr, Ni, and Fe, thus showing very high selectivity and extractability of TETEDGA for Pd(II). The flat sheet supported liquid membrane studies showed quantitative transport of Pd(II), ~99%, from the feed ($3M\;HNO_3$) to the strippant (0.02 M thiourea diluted in $0.4M\;HNO_3$) using 0.01 M TETEDGA as a carrier diluted in n-dodecane. Extraction time was ~160 min. Parameters such as feed acidity, TETEDGA concentration in membrane phase, membrane porosity etc. were optimized to achieve maximum transport rate. Permeability coefficient value of $2.66{\times}10^{-3}cm/s$ was observed using TETEDGA (0.01 M) as carrier, at 3 M, $HNO_3$ feed acidity across $0.2{\mu}m$ PTFE as membrane. The membrane was found to be stable over five runs of the operation.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.363-368
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• 2009

To fulfill the increasing demand for a high quality of flower, we investigated the effects of nitrogen application on plant growth, yield and bioactive compounds of Chrysanthemum indicum L.. C. indicum L. was cultivated in a pot scale, and nitrogen applied with the level of 0 (N0), 50 (N50), 100 (N100), 150 (N150), 200 (N200) and $300\;(N300)\;kg\;ha^{-1}$ to suggest optimum rate of nitrogen fertilization. Phosphate and potassium applied the same amount of $80-80\;kg\;ha^{-1}$ ($P_2O_5-K_2O$) in all treatments. Growth characteristics and yields of C. indicum L. were significantly affected by nitrogen application. Maximum yield achieved in 265 and $295\;kg\;ha^{-1}$ N treatment on the whole plant and the flower parts, respectively. The nitrogen content and uptake of whole plant significantly increased by the increase of nitrogen application. Five major components of essential oil, $\alpha$-pinene, 1,8-cineol, chrysanthenone, germacrene-D, and $\alpha$-curcumene in flowerheads of C. indicum L. occupied approximately 40% of peak area, germacrene-D decreased by the increase of nitrogen application among them. However, cumambrin A contents in the flower parts of C. indicum L. were affected negatively by the increase of nitrogen application, but total yields of cumambrin A in flower part significantly increased. Conclusively, nitrogen fertilization could increase the yield of flowerheads. The optimum application level of nitrogen fertilizer might be on the range of $265-295\;kg\;ha^{-1}$ in a mountainous soil.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.455-461
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• 2000

Abstract Spirulina platensis was grown in SWlUe waste to reduce inorganic compowlds and simultaneously produce feed resources. Spirulina platensis prefers nitrogenous compounds in Ibe order: $NH_4^{+}-N>NO_3^{-}-N>simple-N$ such as urea and simple amino acids. It even consumes $NH_4^{+}-N$ first when urea or nitrate are present. Therefore, the content of residual $NH_4^{+}-N$ in Spimlina platensis cultures can be determined by the relative extent of the following processes: (i) algal uptake and assimilation; (ii) ammonia stripping; and (iii) decomposition of urea to NH;-N by urease-positive bacteria. The removal rates of total nitrogen ffild total phosphorus were estimated as an indicator of the treatment effIciency. It was found that Spirulina platensis was able to reduce 70-93% of $P_4^{3-}-P$, 67-93% of inorganic nitrogen, 80-90% of COD, and 37-56% of organic nitrogen in various concentrations of swine waste over 12 days of batch cultivation. The removal of inorganic compounds from swine waste was mainly used for cell growth, however, the organic nitrogen removal was not related to cell growlb. A maximum cell density of 1.52 dry-g/l was maintained with a dilution rate of 0.2l/day in continuous cultivation by adding 30% swine waste. The nitrogen and phosphorus removal rates were correlated to the dilution rates. Based on the amino acid profile, the quality of the proteins in the Spirulina platensis grown in the waste was the same as that in a clean culture.ulture.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.682-688
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• 2016

Food waste has recognized one of useful sources for potentially agricultural application to supply organic matter and nutrients in arable soil. However, there was little information on application of food waste compost related to the maturity and NaCl content in arable soil. This study evaluated the effect of food waste compost application on yield and fertility in soil under flooding and upland condition. The yields in rice and pepper cultivation decreased with increasing the rate of food waste compost application in soil (p<0.05). Maximum yields of rice ($49.0g\;plant^{-1}$) and pepper ($204g\;plant^{-1}$) were shown at 10 and $30Mg\;ha^{-1}$ of food waste compost application, respectively. The N, P, and K contents in grain and plant residues increased by the application of food waste compost, there was no difference on Na/K ratio in plant tissue among the treatments. Application of food waste compost resulted in the increase of pH, EC, TC, available P contents in soil after crop harvest, especially, which was shown the increase of the CEC and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) contents in irrespective of water condition. In conclusion, application of food waste compost in soil was effective on the supply of the organic matter and nutrient. However, it might need caution to apply food waste compost for sustainable productivity in arable soil because of potential Na accumulation.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2000년도 추계학술발표대회 및 bio-venture fair
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• pp.241-244
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• 2000

CO로부터 수소를 생산할 수 있는 미생물인 R. palustris P4를 반응기에 적용하여 연속적으로 수소를 생산하는 연구를 진행하였다. 고농도 배양을 위해 R. palustris P4를 호기적 조건에서 영양요구성 성장을 시켰고 그 결과 13 g/L정도의 높은 균체 농도를 얻을 수 있었다. CO는 물에 잘 녹지 않는 기상의 기질이므로 반응기내에서 기체의 충분한 체류시간을 제공할 수 있는 반응기인 TBR을 수소생산 단계에 적용하였다. 기체 체류시간이 50분으로 운전되는 조건에서 CO의 분압이 0.4 atm일 때 최대 CO 소모 속도가 16 mmol/L/hr였다. 또한 광합성 미생물 R. rubrum을 적용하여 TBR에서 수소생산을 시도한 Gaddy group의 수소생산속도 3-4 mmol/L/hr에 4-5배 높은 수소생산 속도이다(3).

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.19-33
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• 2013

Microalgae are receiving an increasing attention because of their potential use as $CO_2$ capture method and/or as feedstock for biofuels production. On the other hand the current microalgae-based technology is still not widespread since it is characterized by technical and economic constraints that hinder its full scale-up. In such contest the growth kinetics of Nannochloris eucaryotum (a relatively unknown marine strain) in batch and semi-batch photobioreactors is quantitatively investigated with the aim of obtaining the corresponding kinetic parameters suitable for process engineering and its optimization. In particular the maximum growth rate was evaluated to be 1.99 $10^{-3}\;h^{-1}$. Half saturation concentrations for nitrates ($K_N$) and phosphates uptake ($K_P$) were evaluated as 5.4 $10^{-4}\;g_N\;L^{-1}$ and 2.5 $10^{-5}\;g_P\;L^{-1}$, respectively. Yield factors for nitrogen ($Y_N$) and phosphorus ($Y_P$) resulted to be 5.9 $10^{-2}\;g_N\;g^{-1}$ biomass and 6.0 $10^{-3}\;g_P\;g^{-1}{_{biomass}}$, respectively. The possibility of using 100% (v/v) $CO_2$ gas as carbon source is also evaluated for the first time in the literature as far as N. eucaryotum is concerned. The strain showed a good adaptability to high concentrations of dissolved $CO_2$ as well as to low pH. The lipid content under 100% $CO_2$ is about 16.16 %wt $wt^{-1}$ and the fatty acid methyl esters composition of the extracted oil is in compliance with the European regulation for quality biodiesel.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2018

Purpose: To evaluate the prognostic value of $^{18}F$-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography (FDG PET) with computed tomography (CT) before and during radiotherapy (RT) in patients with head and neck cancer. Methods: Twenty patients with primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma were enrolled in this study, of whom 6 had oropharyngeal cancer, 10 had hypopharyngeal cancer, and 4 had laryngeal cancer. Fifteen patients received concurrent cisplatin and 2 received concurrent cetuximab chemotherapy. FDG PET/CT was performed before RT and in the 4th week of RT. The parameters of maximum standardized uptake value, metabolic tumor volume, and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) of the primary tumor were measured, and the prognostic significance of each was analyzed with the Cox proportional hazards model. Results: Higher TLG (>19.0) on FDG PET/CT during RT was a poor prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) (p = 0.001) and progression-free survival (PFS) (p = 0.007). In the multivariate analysis, TLG during RT as a continuous variable was significantly associated with OS and PFS rate (p = 0.023 and p = 0.016, respectively). Tumor response worse than partial remission at 1 month after RT was another independent prognostic factor for PFS (p = 0.024). Conclusions: Higher TLG of the primary tumor on FDG PET/CT during RT was a poor prognostic factor for OS and PFS in patients with head and neck cancer.