• 한국작물학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.540-544
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• 1991

유채의 협열개에 관한 기초자료를 얻고자 strain gauge를 이용하여 예취 후의 건조 중에 있는 유채 양질의 협열개 난역도를 측정하였던 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 협실의 발육에서 협은 개화 후 3-4일째에는 육안으로 볼 수 있었으며, 협장은 20일째 중에, 종자의 장경은 35일째에 최대에 달했고, 40일째 쯤에는 종자가 거의 구형으로 되었으며, 45일째 쯤에는 협의 굵기가 최대에 달했다 2. 예취 후의 협실수분함량의 추이는 예취 당시가 70%였고 house내에서 5일정도 건조한 결과는 30%에 달했고 14일째까지는 10%정도였다 3. 협열개 난역도는 협실수분함량이나 상대습도에 대응한 일변화가 보였으며 협실수분함량 및 상대습도가 낮을 수록 협열개가 어려웠다.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.75-86
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• 2012

익산 미륵사지 석탑은 백제 무왕대인 639년에 축조되었고 탑 안에 봉안된 사리유물은 1,370년 동안 석탑 심주석 사리공의 매장환경 속에 존재하였다. 현재까지 우리나라에서 확인된 사리유물은 150여 건에 이른다. 그러나 사리유물의 수습 및 유물에 대한 연구가 진행된 바 있지만 사리유물이 어떠한 환경에 노출되었는지에 대한 데이터 분석은 이루어진 바가 없다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 사리유물의 노출환경에 대한 훼손도를 평가함과 동시에 매장환경에 대한 분석을 진행하고 데이터를 제시하였다. 사리구의 매장환경을 분석한 결과 목탑의 경우는 물의 영향을 가장 많이 받지만 석탑은 포화습도의 영향을 많이 받는다는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 사리구 내부의 환경은 1~2일 정도 완충된 외부의 온도에 비교적 민감한 영향을 받지만, 습도와는 무관한 반응을 보였다. 그러나 사리구 내부의 포화습도에 도달되는 기간은 사리를 봉안하는 날의 외부습도에 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 본 탑은 30일이 소요되는 시점에 100% 포화습도에 이르렀다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.356-362
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• 1999

Humans may lose considerable amounts of water and electrolytes from sweat during exercise in a hot climate. Optimal ingestion of fluid-replacement beverages may overcome an obstacle factor of exercise performance in the heat. This study was performed the comparison of heart rate and blood lactate between ingestion of Prunus mume solution and water solution during graded maximal exercise using bicycle ergometer in the heat(ambient temperature of 31-32$^{\circ}C$ and relative humidity of 50-55%). Ten healthy no-heat-acclimatized males participated in the study. Exercise duration until all-out of graded testing in the condition of Prunus mume solution ingestion(786.15$\pm$47.66s) was significantly higher(P＜0.05) than the condition of water ingestion. Heart rate at 4 min during graded testing and recovery phase in the condition of Prunus mume solution ingestion was significantly lower(P＜0.05) than the condition of water ingestion. Blood lactate concentration at 30min of recovery phase after graded maximal exercise in the condition of Prunus mume solution ingestion was significantly lower(P＜0.05) than the condition of water ingestion. Recovery rate of blood lactate concentration at 15 min and 30 min of recovery phase after grated maximal exercise in the condition of Prunus mume solution ingestion was significantly lower(P＜0.05) than the condition of water ingestion. Present results suggested that ingestion of Prunus mume solution showed the positive effects on the cardiorespiratory function and acid-base regulation as compared with ingestion of water during graded maximal exercise and recovery phase in hot environment.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.107-115
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• 1993

This study was carried out to find the characteristics of surface ozone concentration data obtained during 1988-1991 by the Korea Ministry of Environment. Seasonal data (spring, summer, autumn and winter) wre obtained in May, August, November and February respectively at Kwanghwamun in Seoul. The pollutants analyzed in this study are $SO_2, TSP, CO, NO, NO_2 and NO_2/NO$. Atmospheric factors such as solar radiation, wind speed, relative humidity, cloud amount and atmospheric temperature are also analyzed. The influence of pollutants and atmospheric factors that affect ozone concentration were analyzed by statistical method. The results are summarized as follows : 1. The ozone concentration varied seasonally. The maximum values were 23 ppb in spring, 33 ppb in summer, 16 ppb in autumn and 13 ppb in winter. So the seasonal ozone value was highest in Summer. 2. Te diurnal concentration of ozone was highest during 2-4 P. M. and was very low in the morning and evening. 3. The maximal correlation coefficients of each season between ozone concentration and the influencing pollutants or atmospheric factors asr as follows ; a. spring, r = 0.44(solar radiation) b. summer, r = -0.59(relative humidity) c. autumn, r = -0.55(relative humidity) d. winter, r = -0.58($NO_2$) 4. The major factor affecting the ozone concentration in spring was solar radiation, Relative humidity was the first affecting factor in summer, autumn and $NO_2$ concentration was dominant in winter.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권13호
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• pp.96-112
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• 1992

We made biological investigation on the conservational environment of collections in the Ho Am museum. Annual average temperature and relative humidity outside the museum were $11. 0∼11.7^{\circ}C$ and 64.8∼74.4% respectivey. On the other hand, average annual temperature and relative humidity inside the main storage were $19.1∼20.1^{\circ}C$ and 53.0∼63.4%. We isolated fungi and classified into 8 genus 13species fungi and selected four fungi having high cellulotic activity such as Alternaria brassicae KCPRI 9202, Aspergillus niger KCPRI 9205, Aspergillusversicolor KCPRI 9206, Penicillium adametzi KCPRI 9208. These fungi were examined on the posibility of collections being damaged under current conservation al environment in the museum. KCPRI 9208 was non-tonophilic fungus and other were facutative tonophilic fungi. These showed maximal cellulotic activity of enzymeshaking culture at pH 5.0∼5.5 for 4 and 5 days. In proprtion to the period damaged, cellulase activity for paper damaged artifically with growing worse of material. As are sult cellulotic activity by fungi increased.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.256-262
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• 2015

Background: Heart attack is the most common cause of line-of-duty death in the fire service. Daily aspirin therapy is a preventative measure used to reduce the morbidity of heart attacks but may decrease the ability to dissipate heat by reducing skin blood flow. Methods: In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, firefighters were randomized to receive 14 days of therapy (81-mg aspirin or placebo) before performing treadmill exercise in thermal-protective clothing in a hot room [$38.8{\pm}2.1^{\circ}C$, $24.9{\pm}9.1%$ relative humidity (RH)]. Three weeks without therapy was provided before crossing to the other arm. Firefighters completed a baseline skin blood-flow assessment via laser Doppler flowmetry; skin was heated to $44^{\circ}C$ to achieve maximal cutaneous vasodilation. Skin blood flow was measured before and after exercise in a hot room, and at 0 minutes, 10 minutes, 20 minutes, and 30 minutes of recovery under temperature conditions ($25.3{\pm}1.2^{\circ}C$, $40.3{\pm}13.7%\;RH$). Platelet clotting time was assessed before drug administration, and before and after exercise. Results: Fifteen firefighters completed the study. Aspirin increased clotting time before and after exercise compared with placebo (p = 0.003). There were no differences in absolute skin blood flow between groups (p = 0.35). Following exercise, cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) was $85{\pm}42%$ of maximum in the aspirin and $76{\pm}37%$ in the placebo groups. The percentage of maximal CVC did not differ by treatment before or after recovery. Neither maximal core body temperature nor heart rate responses to exercise differed between trials. Conclusion: There were no differences in skin blood flow during uncompensable heat stress following exercise after aspirin or placebo therapy.

• 정보통신설비학회논문지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2009

This paper presents a self-sustaining system, and an effective method in enhancing overall energy efficiency. The proposed system consists of the two major nodes: a slave node, which contains the environment information (e.g., temperature, humidity, etc.); and a master node, which communicates with the slave nodes, and transmit the slave node's information to users. All slave nodes are under control of the master node. Each slave node uses two power sources: the piezoelectric power generator (PPG); and the continuous wave from the master node. The paper highlights the basic operational principle, each node's specifications, and experimental data for performance verification. The two nodes successfully communicate each other in a range of 3.3m (maximal range), where the user's computer is wired the master node.

• 한국식품조리과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식품조리과학회 1993년도 춘계 학술심포지움
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• pp.149-159
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• 1993

The concept of Solid-State Fermentation is briefly explained in comparison to other fermentation principles, and several types of fermenters are presented. A recently developed "Swing Reactor" for SSF is shown. When inoculated on rice, the mould Monascus purpureus forms red pigments, Which can be used as food colors (Ang-kak, Red Rice). By Response Surface Methodology, serveral factors have been optimized for maximal red colour formation. Showing that presoaking time of rice, pH of soaking water, age of preculture and inoculum size were not of importance within the observed limits. For a fermentation time of 7 days, start humidity is optimal at 34% and temperature is optimal at 28.8 C. These results of small scale fermentation could be transferred to the Swing Reactor.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.214-220
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• 2001

축산 분뇨의 퇴비화에 관련되는 세균들을 분리하고 이들이 생산하는 효소들 중 퇴비화에 관련되는 것으로 사료되는 amylase, cellulase, protease 및 lipase의 특성을 연구하였다. 발효 중에 있는 축산 분뇨로부터 24주의 균주를 분리하여 이중 protease, cellulase, amylase, 그리고 lipase의 활성을 모두 가진 6개의 균주들을 선별하였다. 분리한 6개의 균주들을 동정해본 결과 Corynebacterium varibilis, Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spinosa, Acetobacter calcoaceticus 및 Athrobacter cumminsii 등으로 밝혀졌다. 이들이 분비하는 효소들의 특징은 중성에서 알칼리성에 이르는 광범위한 pH에서 효소들이 높은 활성을 보였으며, cellulase를 제외한 대부분의 효소들의 최대 활성 온도가 $60^{\circ}C$ 정도 였으나, cellulase의 경우 $37^{\circ}C$가 최적 활성 온도였다. 이는 발효가 진행되어 축산 분뇨에 고온의 열이 발생할 때, 이 환경하에서 유기물을 분해함으로써 발효과정을 원활히 진행시키는 것으로 생각된다. 다만 cellulase 생산 세균의 경우 축산 분뇨의 초기 발효시에 관여하여 균주의 성장 및 유기물의 분해에 관여하는 것으로 사료된다. 이와같은 결과는 축산분뇨 발효초기와 발효후기의 온도가 상승된 환경에서 작용하는 세균의 균총이 다름을 암시하고 있다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.606-617
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• 2019

The present study newly developed a firefighters' protective jacket and pants using a Nomex honeycomb structured layer (HPC) in cases of being exposed to flashover or flameover. This study evaluated the protective and comfort functions of an HPC compared to the current KFI firefighters' protective clothing (FPC). The results are as follows. First, thermal protective performance (TPP) of fabric layers was 2.75 times greater for HPC than FPC at $125kW/m^2$. Second, the predicted second and third degree burn areas were smaller for HPC than FPC when using a flame manikin. Third, thermal insulation using a thermal manikin was 0.2 clo greater for HPC than FPC. Fourth, there were no marked differences in maximal performance, mobility, and microclimate temperature/humidity between FPC and HPC through human wear trials. The thermal insulation of HPC was higher than that of FPC; however, any negative effect of HPC thermal insulation on the comfort functions for firefighters was not found. In conclusion, the newly-developed HPC provided more protection in reducing burn injuries from $125kW/m^2$, while no negative impact on maximal performance, mobility and thermal comfort functions of firefighters, which is appropriate for quick-evasive tactics at the flashover, flameover or back draft fires.