• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.115-122
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• 1983

The author surveyed 2,082 schoolchildren (Male: 1,078, Female: 1,004) from 7 to 12 years old in "N" primary school in kwang Ju City, and studied on 304 schoolchildren (Male: 176, Female: 128) having maxillary median diastema. The results were as follows: 1. The prevalence of maxillary median diastema was 14.6%, and it showed the greater rate at the boys than at the girls and the highest rate at 8 years old in the both sexes. 2. The maxillary median diastema showed decreasing tendency with ageing. 3. The frenum distance in children without local factors showed no change and the divergent degree of maxillary median diastema showed decreasing tendency after the eruption of maxillary lateral incisors. 4. The rate of maxillary median diastema associated with local factors was 37.8% and it showed increasing tendency with ageing. 5. The prevalence of median diastema according to etiology was as follows; rotated tooth; 12.2%, supernumerary teeth; 10.9%, abnormal frenum; 9.5%, peg lateralis; 7.2%, open bite; 2.6%, abnormal pattern of interseptal alveolar bone; 2.6%, missing lateral incisor; 0.7%, tooth size discrepancy; 0.3%.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제22권8호통권183호
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• pp.699-703
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• 1984

The author surveyed on the maxillary median diastema of 1,522 (male: 805, female:717) 'H' and 'K' primary school children aged from 6 to 13. The results were as follows: 1. The prevalence of the maxillary median diastema was 11.6% in male, 7.5% in female and 9.7% in both sexes. 2. The prevalence of the maxillary median diastema showed the highest rate in 8 years old boys and girls, and it showed decreasing tendency according to increasing ago. 3. The prevalence of mesiodens was 0.4%, and boys had higher rate than girls. 4. Mean value of 'Frenum Distance' was 5.7mm in male, 5.5mm in female and mean value of 'Divergent Degree' was 2.0mm in male, 1.6mm in female.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제21권10호통권173호
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• pp.829-833
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• 1983

The author surveyed on the maxillary median diastema of 1,686(male; 850, female; 836) 'H' and 'K' primary school children aged from 6 to 13. The results were as follows : 1. The prevalence of the maxillay median diastema was 12.6% in male, 7.9% in female and 10.3% in both sexes. 2. The prevalence of the maxillary median diastema showed the highest rate in 9 years old boys and 8 years old girls, and it showed decreasing tendency according to increasing age. 3. The prevalence of mesiodens was 0.6% and boys had higher rate than girls. 4. Mean value of 'Frenum Distance' was 5.8mm in male, 5.7mm in female and mean value of 'Divergent Degree' was 2.0mm in male, 1.6mm in female.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제19권12호통권151호
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• pp.1039-1044
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• 1981

The author surveyed on maxillary median diastema of 1440 (male: 740, female:700) 'Y' primary school children aged from 6 to 12 and obtained the following results. 1. The prevalence of maxillary median diastema was 16.08% in male, 14.00% in female and 15.07% in both sexes. 2. The prevalence of maxillary median distema showed the highest rate in 8 years old children (male: 29.55%, female: 34.83%) and it showed decreasing tendency according to increasing age. 3. The prevalence of mesiodens was 0.79% and boys had higher rate than girls. 4. Mean value of 'Divergent degree' was 20.6mm in male, 20.5mm in female and mean value of 'Frenum distance' was 4.08mm in male, 41.1mm in female.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.525-530
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• 2005

정중이개란 상악 중절치 사이의 치간이개를 말한다. 이는 혼합 치열기에서 ugly ducking stage에 흔히 관찰할 수 있으며 일반적으로 견치가 맹출하면서 자연적으로 소실되므로 꼭 치료가 필요한 것은 아니다. 그러나 견치 맹출 후에도 정중이개가 2mm이하로 계속 존재하거나 견치 맹출 전이라도 3mm이상의 정중이개가 존재하는 경우에서는 치료의 적응증이 될 수 있다. 특히 후자의 경우 심미적인 면에서 뿐만 아니라, 이로 인해 측절치와 견치의 맹출공간이 부족해지는 문제가 발생하므로 교정치료가 권장된다. 정중이개 치료시 사용되는 장치물은 finger spring 등을 이용한 가철성 장치물과, 교정용 band, tube, bracket 등을 부착시켜 rubber elastics이나 coil spring 등을 사용하는 고정성 장치물로 나뉘어진다. 그러나 정중이개의 치료를 위해 rubber band를 band, tube, bracket 등과 같은 적절한 부가장치 없이 사용하면 rubber band가 치근은 따라 치은 하방으로 이동하게 되고 치주 인대를 파괴하며 치근단 부위에 이르러 치아동요, 치아정출 및 탈락 등 치아에 치명적인 손상을 입힐 수 있다. 본 증례는 정중이개의 치료를 위해 부적절하게 rubber band를 사용하여 외상을 받은 치아를 관찰하여 다소의 지견을 얻었기에 이를 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.46-53
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• 2001

The prevalence of supernumerary teeth is between $1{\sim}3%$. Of these, $90{\sim}98%$ occur in the maxilla with particular predilection for the premaxilla, preceded by mandibular third premolars, mandibular forth molars and maxillary paramolars. The most common ones occur in the maxillary anterior region, they may occur singly between the central incisors(mesiodens), or they may be double(mesiodentes). Maxillary anterior supernumeraries may erupt into the oral cavity or remain unerupted. It is found that approximately 25% are erupted, while the rest are unerupted. They are usually a small tooth with a cone-shaped crown and a short root. They may cause delayed eruption, median diastema, bodily displacement or rotation of the adjacent permanent teeth. Occasionally they may lead to the developement of dentigerous cyst or primordial cyst, or eruption into nasal cavity. In this study, 109 supernumeraries surgically extracted from premaxilla in 84 patients are analysed. The results are as follows : 1. Sex distribution of male and female is 2.2 : 1. 2. Almost cases are in pediatric age from 5 to 12 years old (87%). 3. Problems with supernumeraries are tooth malpositon, diastema, delayed eruption, eruption to nasal cavity and cyst formation. 4. Of 109 supernumeraries, 16(15%) are erupted into oral cavity, 92(84%) are impacted, and 1(1%) is erupted into nasal cavity. 5. Of 84 patients, 59(70%) have one supernumeray while 25(30%) have two supernumeraries. 6. Of 109 supernumeraries, 96(88%) are found within the region of the central incisors. 7. Of 109 supernumeraries, 94(86%) are vertically impacted, 11(10%) are horizontally impacted, 3(3%) are labiopalatally impacted and 1(1%) is impacted in nasal cavity. 8. Of 84 patients, we used palatal flap in 67(80%), labial flap in 6(7%), both flaps in 4(5%) and no flap in 7(8%). And incisive nerve was cut in 33(49%) of 67 palatal flaps. 9. Extration with ostectomy was done in 72 supernumeraries(66%), without ostectomy in 37 teeth(34%). 10. Extraction with tooth sectioning was done in 21 supernumeraries(19%), without tooth sectioning was done in 88 teeth(81%). 11. We used local anesthesia in 70 patients(83%) and general anesthesia in 14 ones(17%).