• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.24-36
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• 2021

전 세계 다양한 국가들을 비롯하여 우리나라도 생물다양성을 보전하기 위한 노력에 동참하고 있다. 특히 생물종과 관련해서는 특정 생물종을 대상으로 서식적합분석을 실시하여 잠재적인 서식 적지를 찾고 보전방안을 수립하는 연구들이 활발하게 수행되고 있다. 그러나 현재까지 축적된 정보를 바탕으로 한 서식적합지역의 중장기 변화에 대한 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 강원도 지역을 대상으로 멸종위기 야생생물 1급으로 지정된 수달을 대상으로 서식적합지역의 시계열 변화를 분석하고 변화 양상을 살펴보고자 하였다. 시계열 변화 분석을 위해서 약 20년간 수행된 2차, 3차, 4차 전국자연환경조사의 수달 종 출현지점 조사자료를 이용하였다. 또한 각 조사시기 별 서식환경을 반영하기 위해 조사시기와 일치하는 토지피복도를 환경변수 제작에 활용하였다. 서식적합지역 분석을 위해서는 종의 출현 정보만을 바탕으로 모델 구동이 가능하며, 선행연구를 통해 신뢰도가 높다고 입증된 MaxEnt 모형을 사용하였다. 연구결과, 각 조사시기 별 수달의 서식적합지역 지도가 도출되었으며, 하천을 중심으로 서식지가 분포하는 경향이 나타났다. 모델링 결과 도출된 환경변수의 반응곡선을 비교하여 수달이 선호하는 서식지의 특성을 파악하였다. 조사시기 별 서식 적지의 변화를 살펴본 결과, 2차 전국자연환경조사를 기반으로 한 서식 적지가 가장 넓은 분포를 나타냈으며, 3, 4차 조사의 서식 적지는 면적이 줄어드는 경향을 나타냈다. 또한, 3개 조사시기 분석결과를 종합하여 서식 적지의 변화 양상을 분석하고 유형화하였다. 변화 유형에 따라서 현장조사, 모니터링, 보호지역 설정, 복원계획과 같이 서로 다른 보전계획을 제안하였다. 본 연구는 수달 서식 적지의 위치와 면적의 시계열 변화를 볼 수 있는 종합분석 지도를 제작하고, 지역별 서식 적지 변화 유형에 따라 필요한 보전계획을 제안하였다는 점에서 의의를 갖는다. 본 연구에서 제안된 방법과 결과는 향후 서식지 보전 및 관리 방안 수립을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.79-88
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• 2015

Preparations need to be made for Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis) in anticipation of climate change because Korean pine is an endemic species of South Korea and the source of timber and pine nut. Therefore, climate change adaptation policy has been established to conduct an impact assessment on the distribution of Korean pine. Our objective was to predict the distribution of Korean pine while taking into account uncertainty and afforestation conditions. We used the 5th forest types map, a forest site map and BIOCLIM variables. The climate scenarios are RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 for uncertainty and the climate models are 5 regional climate models (HadGEM3RA, RegCM4, SNURCM, GRIMs, WRF). The base period for this study is 1971 to 2000. The target periods are the mid-21st century (2021-2050) and the end of the 21st century (2071-2100). This study used the MaxEnt model, and 50% of the presences were randomly set as training data. The remaining 50% were used as test data, and 10 cross-validated replicates were run. The selected variables were the annual mean temperature (Bio1), the precipitation of the wettest month (Bio13) and the precipitation of the driest month (Bio14). The test data's ROC curve of Korean pine was 0.689. The distribution of Korean pine in the mid-21st century decreased from 11.9% to 37.8% on RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5. The area of Korean pine at an artificial plantation occupied from 32.1% to 45.4% on both RCPs. The areas at the end of the 21st century declined by 53.9% on RCP 4.5 and by 86.0% on RCP 8.5. The area of Korean pine at an artificial plantation occupied 23.8% on RCP 4.5 and 7.2% on RCP 8.5. Private forests showed more of a decrease than national forests for all subsequent periods. Our results may contribute to the establishment of climate change adaptation policies for considering various adaptation options.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.55-69
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• 2018

As disaster risk and climate change volatility increase, there are more efforts to adapt to disasters such as forest fires, floods, and landslides. Most of the research, however, is about influence of human activities on disaster and there is few research on disaster adaptation for species. Previous studies focusing on biodiversity in selecting conservation areas have not addressed threats of disaster in the habitats for species. The natural disasters sometimes play role of drivers of ecological successions in the long run, but they might cause serious problems for the conservation of vulnerable species which are endangered. The purpose of this study is to determine whether soil loss (SL) is effective in selecting habitat management areas for amphibians and reptiles. RUSLE model was used to calculate soil loss (SL) and the distribution of each species (SD) was computed with MaxEnt model to find out the biodiversity index. In order to select the habitat management area, we estimated the different results depending if value of soil loss was applied or not by using MARXAN, a conservation priority selection tool. With using MARXAN, conservation goals can be achieved according to the scenario objectives, and the study has been made to meet the minimum habitat area. Finally, the results are expressed in two; 1) the result of soil loss and biodiversity with MATRIX method and 2) the result of regional difference calculated with MARXAN conservation prioritization considering soil loss. The first result indicates that the area with high soil loss and low species diversity have lower conservation values and thus can be managed as natural disturbances. In the area where soil loss is high and species diversity is also high, it becomes where a disaster mitigation action should be taken for the species. According to the conservation priorities of the second result, higher effectiveness of conservation was obtained with fewer area when it considered SL in addition to SD, compared to when considered only biodiversity. When the SL was not taken into consideration, forest area with high distribution of species were important, but when SL considered, the agricultural area or downstream of the river were represented to be a major part of habitats. If more species data or disaster parameters other than soil loss are added as variables later, it could contribute as a reference material for decision-making to achieve various purposes.