• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.179-191
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• 2019

Based on the effective stress principle, a new formula for shear strength of unsaturated soil is derived under the general nonlinear Mohr-Coulomb (M-C) strength criterion to improve the classical strength criterion of unsaturated soil. Meanwhile, the simple irrigation model under steady seepage is adopted to obtain the distribution of the matrix suction or the degree of saturation (DOS) above the groundwater table in the slope. Then, combined with the improved strength criterion of unsaturated soil and the simple irrigation model under steady seepage, the limit equilibrium (LE) solutions for the unsaturated slope stability are established according to the global LE conditions of the entire sliding body with assumption of the stresses on the slip surface. Compared to the classical strength criterion of unsaturated soil, not only the cohesion soil but also the internal friction angle is affected by the matric suction or the DOS in the improved strength criterion. Moreover, the internal friction angle related to the matric suction has the nonlinear characteristics, particularly for a small of the matric suction. Thereafter, the feasibility of the present method is verified by comparison and analysis on some slope examples. Furthermore, stability charts are also drawn to quickly analyze the unsaturated slope stability.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.11-24
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• 2011

A real-time hybrid test of a 3 story-3 bay reinforced concrete frame which is divided into numerical and physical substructure models under uniaxial earthquake excitation was run using a fixed iteration implicit HHT time integration method. The first story inner non-ductile column was selected as the physical substructure model, and uniaxial earthquake excitation was applied to the numerical model until the specimen failed due to severe damage. A finite-element analysis program, Mercury, was newly developed and optimized for a real-time hybrid test. The drift ratio based on the top horizontal displacement of the physical substructure model was compared with the result of a numerical simulation by OpenSees and the result of a shaking table test. The experiment in this paper is one of the most complex real-time hybrid tests, and the description of the hardware, algorithm and models is presented in detail. If there is an improvement in the numerical model, the evaluation of the tangent stiffness matrix of the physical substructure model in the finite element analysis program and better software to reduce the computational time of the element state determination for the force-based beam-column element, then the comparison with the results of the real-time hybrid test and the shaking table test deserves to make a recommendation. In addition, for the goal of a "Numerical simulation of the complex structures under dynamic loading", the real time hybrid test has enough merit as an alternative to dynamic experiments of large and complex structures.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.73-94
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• 2000

The main objective of this research is to examine the spillover effects of technological knowledge from IT industry to other industrial sectors and, based on empirical findings, to draw policy implications and suggest policy directions. To this end, we divide IT industry into IT equipment and IT service, assuming that these two sub-sectors are considerably different each other in terms of technology knowledge flow. Other industries are classified into 17 different sectors based on the KSIC of 1990. As the proxy measure of technological knowledge, the notion of R&D stock is employed. The Input/output(I/O) Table is used to define the inter-industrial flow pattern and to draw the knowledge flow matrix. As the research methodology, cost function model is employed to gauge the spillover effects of technological knowledge of IT industry. Based on the results of analysis, it is found that the economic impact of technology diffusion also exhibits a different pattern between IT equipment and IT service. The diffusion of IT equipment tends to show labor-substitution effect whereas IT service displays labor-creation effect. This fact should be considered in devising industry, education, and labor policy. The expectations from this research are as follows. First, the sectoral pattern, difference between IT equipment and service in particular, identified from this research may shed light on the sector-specific policy direction. It is emphasized that a sector-specific approach, rather than an aggregate approach, is relevant for formulating IT policy. Second, it is expected that the importance of technology diffusion programs and policy measures are recognized among policy makers in IT industry.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.41-47
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• 2019

Purpose - Based on the analysis of Kazakhstan's experience of digital transformation, this study suggests a concept for digital solution to optimize organizational process, create trust networking between the center of state scholarships programs and recipients. In addition, the authors contribute to the current discussions of an effective digital transformation of state services. Research design, data, and methodology - Policy analysis is based on the combination of both primary and secondary materials collected during a Policy Research Project conducted in Kazakhstan in 2017. It involved semi-structured interviews with the state scholarship' recipients, ICT experts and findings from academic articles. Results - Findings are represented via Policy Development Matrix - a table with three options (status quo, partial change, total change) to deal with policy challenges. Authors suggest a concept for digital solution following the Customer Relationship Management (CRM) principles for optimizing core business processes, communication and networking strategies of the state scholarships program. Conclusions - At the time when digitalization becomes trending for states, the transformation of the state education policy is inevitable. The rapid development of digital technologies creates new opportunities for a single integration platform with key principles of Smart Remote Management in the state scholarships programs.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.60-67
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• 2004

In this paper, a rectangular ring microstrip patch antenna has been analyzed by using desegmentation method and evaluation impedance matrices from Green's functions fur rectangular segment and desegmentation method for analysis of planar electro-magnetic structures is discussed. As the rectangular ring cavity could be seen as a structure subtracted a small rectangular cavity from a large one, the overall impedance matrix was obtained by applying a multiport connection method to the individual impedance matrices expressed as a term of Green's function fer rectangular segment. The electromagnetic fields can be solved from a vector potential which is satisfied it's eight boundary conditions. The electric field distribution at each edges was expressed as a histogram table with exciting modes. These results can be used to analyze the operational modes for a rectangular ring microstrip antennas.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.1-25
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• 2008

In this study, theory of school consulting for founding the development strategy of industrial high school was explored, consulting model and performing technique model was suggested, case of consulting of industrial high school performed by the model and performing technique suggested. Up to now, research field of school consulting was instruction and supervision consulting mostly, there was not much school management consulting. In this paper, a school consulting model for industrial high school was developed, which was five step such as entry, diagnosis, action planning, action, and termination. A case of consulting for C technical high school applied by the consulting model suggested was analyzed, it will be used any other consulting project of industrial high school. According to the 5 step school consulting model, analysis of the present state of C technical high school, survey research, SWOT analysis, Issue Tree, school assesment were performed. In order to set up a development strategy for C technical high school, a table of problem and improvement based on issue tree was made, and then a Pay-Off Matrix was made out. Finally, a development plan of short and mid- and long-term for C technical high school was constructed.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 1969

X-ray Fluorescence Spectrographic method has been applied for the rapid determination of main components, such as $SiO_2$, $Al_2O_3$, $Fe_2O_3$, CaO, MgO and $K_2O$ in Silicate Minerals. In this method, Boric Acid was used as a binder after fusion with Lithium Tetraborate in the briquet-making process. The Lithium Flubride, Ammonium di-Hydrogen Phosphate and Ethylene Diamine d-Tartrate crystals were used with Scintillation counter and Gas Flow counter as the detectors. Several influences on this method were discussed, including the particle size of samples and reducing of the matrix effects by dilution with Boric Acid and addition of Lanthanum Oxide with the diluent. In order to test the reproducibility of this method described above, the determination of the same kind of samples were carried out repeatedly, and the results obtained were presented in the table. Calibration curves for each element were presented, and the application of the method was tested with International Rock Standard T-Ⅰ. All the results obtained by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrographic method were compared with the results by conventional chemical method.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.245-251
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• 1994

Ten strains of 7 species from the genus Ganoderma, G. lucidum ATCC 64251, FP-103561-T, and ES70701, G. applanatum ATCC 44053 and FP-57035-T. G. lobatum ATCC 42985, G. resinaceum ATCC 52416, G. subamboinense var. laevisporum ATCC 52420, G. meredithae ATCC 64492, and G. microsporum ATCC 76024, were studied to discuss their phylogenetic relationships by utilizing restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs). Six restriction enzymes, BamHI, BglII, EcoRI, HindIII, PvuII, and XbaI which digested mtDNAs into adequate numbers of restriction fragments for cluster analysis, were used in this study. Restriction profiles of strains for each restriction enzyme were treated as analysis characters to calculate similarity coefficients, which were converted into nucleotide sequence divergence values whose mean values were then arranged in a matrix table. This table was utilized for a phylogenetic analysis using the Neighborjoining method of the PHYLIP package to construct phylogenetic tree. Three strains of G. lucidum and two strains of G. applanatum exhibited different lineages each but one of G. applanatum strains showed a close relationship with G. lobatum, which reflected the species complexity of these species whose strains were phenotypically indistinguishable but genetically distinct. The present results suggest that the natural classification of Ganoderma needs to be considered from the viewpoints of molecular biology-based systematics as well as morphological classifications and cultural identifications for better phylogenetic conclusions.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.26-29
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• 2016

Simultaneous determination of three corticosteroids (clobetasol propionate, betamethasone dipropionate, fluticasone propionate) in moisturizers was performed by using liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Sample preparation was conducted by the liquid-liquid extraction (LLE). Moisturizers include emulsifying agent and it forms micelles. In order to improve the extraction efficiency of corticosteroids trapped in micelle, newly developed-optimized extraction conditions which can remove the matrix effect from moisturizers was applied with various pH conditions in LLE extraction stage of sample preparation. Thus, the addition of 10 μL of 1 M HCl into moisturizers sample before extraction could improve the extraction efficiency. For the quantitative analysis, SRM table that contained specific transition of all of target corticosteroids was created. The developed method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantization (LOQ) and recovery. Over the 0.99 r² value was obtained in calibration standard range. Effective accuracy and precision were also obtained. LODs were below 31 ng/mL and LOQs were estimated below 94 ng/mL for all corticosteroids tested.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.311-317
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• 2007

The reduction of the Vehicle interior noise has been the main interest of NVH engineers. The driver's perception on the vehicle noise is affected largely by psychoacoustic characteristic of the noise as well as the SPL. The previous methods to evaluation of the SQ about vehicle interior noise are linear regression analysis of subjective SQ metrics by statistics and the estimation of the subjective SQ values by neural network. But these are so depended on jury test very much that they result in many difficulties. So, to reduce jury test weight, we suggested a new method using Mahalanobis distance for SQ evaluation. And, optimal characteristic values influenced on the result of the SQ evaluation were derived by signal to noise ratio(SN ratio) of the Taguchi method. Finally, the new method to evaluate SQ is constructed using Mahalanobis-Taguchi system(MTS). Furthermore, the MTS method for SQ evaluation was compared by the result of SQ grade table at the previous study and their virtues and faults introduced.