• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.715-725
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• 2010

This study suggests through an examination of maternity wear sold in domestic markets a design for maternity wear trousers that integrate functionality, aesthetics, and marketability. This study targeted women who had maternity wear experience to obtain basic information for the design of maternity wear trousers. This study conducted questionnaire research on maternity wear and surveyed the growing on-line maternity market. The results are as follows. First, in the questionnaire research on wearers of maternity wear, women 26-35 years old were the main consumers and emphasized comfortableness as the significant reason for buying and using maternity wear. Second, the centering on pants were evaluated to be the most uncomfortable item among maternity wear and confirms the necessity for a maternity wear design whose bodily fitness is high according to the trouser panel. Third, a standard for the specific design was established to solve maternity wear problems based on the analyzed information. This was established by having a concept as a minimal motive in 'new naturalism' that is the aesthetics of slackness for the $21^{st}$ century. A specific design was developed with 6 kinds for skirts and 9 kinds for pants.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.65-75
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to survey about the suitability of maternity dresses on the market and thus to contribute for the maternity dress makers to produce clothes which are ergonomic and wanted by customers. The chief designers of the two major maternity dress makers were questioned about design and production planning, and 195 subjects who had an experience of delivery within a year were questioned about their consumer behavior, preference, and body fitting. The suggestions according to the results of the questionnaire of maternity dress makers and customers were as follows : 1. The most important item, an one-piece dress should be produced a lot more than other items. 2. The designs of maternity dress should be more simple, sophisticated, and natural. 3. The colors of pastel tone rather than trendy colors should be used. 4. The materials of maternity dress should be washable and able to help pregnant women's activity. 5. The front patterns of maternity dress should have more ease than the back patterns have, to cope with increasing abdominal girth and bust girth.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.47-55
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to evaluate environmental characteristics of maternity rooms. The method of this study is a field survey on 8 samples of postpartum care centers in Seoul. The plan, colors, materials, furniture and environmental characteristics of maternity rooms are analyzed. The characteristics of maternity rooms environment were categorized into four items; comfort, privacy, communication and dwelling. The results are as follows: Western-style and rooming-separation system of maternity rooms are used. Maternity rooms are generally good for dwelling quality but insufficient for communication. There are a lack of supply to control a temperature Individually in maternity rooms. It demands to make the type of one-sided public space between maternity room and living room for privacy. All of the maternity rooms surveyed are furnished with TV, radio, and telephone but, to improve communication with visitors, it is recommended that more convenient supplies such as audio and video system, chairs, and table be equipped. There are needs for sky-light windows in maternity rooms. It is necessary to research more about the space of living room, nursing room and service area, and we need more study about baby, nurser and owner' spaces.

• Archives of design research
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• v.20 no.2 s.70
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• pp.41-52
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• 2007

Today, many pregnant women also advance up the business ladder and remain very active. They are consequently increasingly aware of the clothes they can wear. Despite these social changes, maternity wear has not been specially designed to satisfy the consumer's demands. From this, the purposes of this study are to investigate the current status of maternity wear and the apparent buying trends of pregnant women through a customers' opinion survey and interviews for the future maternity markets. In summary, the survey and interviews illustrate some important points which are that: Firstly, not all pregnant women buy maternity wear. Some pregnant women said they couldn't find enough difference in maternity wear prices even though they would like to buy some, commenting that maternity clothes were too expensive for such a short period of time. Also some already had maternity wear from a previous pregnancy, or had been passed on from friends and family. Secondly, on the other hand, many respondents were strongly concerned with style and quality rather than price because they agreed that there were not enough suitable maternity clothes for work and special occasions. Therefore some respondents would buy a maternity outfit for a special occasion. It also indicates that for a particular time, place or occasion like a party, wedding or other celebration, some respondents would buy a special outfit to make themselves feel good. Finally, according to the survey, the most important design concept is for wearable designs which change with the body during pregnancy; followed closely by designs which are able to be re-used when the pregnancy has finished. Nowadays, as recycling and saving resources are the biggest issues, if maternity manufacturers are encouraged to develop new products incorporating these new design concepts, more maternity markets will be developed to buy maternity wear.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.71-79
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the status of maternity protection in the industries for the development of educational database used by occupational health nurses (OHNs). Method: 100 OHNs were purposively sampled and they were charged in the occupational health manager of their own industries. Data were collected by the postal mail, the response rate was 53.0%, and analysis rate was 43.0%. Result: The results were as follows; 1. Most of subjects responded there was the institutionalization of a special holiday for woman workers (97.7%) and 90 days maternity leave (95.4%). Otherwise, the numbers of industry were smaller in the case of providing the breast-feeding time, temporary rest from office for child raring, restriction of hazard job, night job, and over time. The application rates were lower than the rate of institutionalization of all maternity protection items. 2. There were significant differences in institutionalization of maternity protection by the activity of the trade union. And the numbers of the industry applying the maternity protection were significantly different by the area and the types of industry. 3. Most OHNs responded 17 subjects were needed to the maternity protection education for women workers. Conclusion: It would be needed to develop the maternity protection education database in base of the status of maternity protection in the industries and the need of maternity protection education. The role of OHNs for maternity protection was expected to activate.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of maternity nursing education-knowledge, skills and attitude among the third year students who have completed maternity nursing, practice at the college, clinical practice and core skill practicum. Methods: This is the descriptive research to verify the effectiveness of simulation-based practice education for core skill of maternity nursing. Third year nursing students who have completed maternity nursing related theories and practice have been selected as population. Total of 202 surveys have been used for analysis. Data analysis is done by using SPSS/WIN 18.0. Results: Self-confidence of core skill in maternity nursing is experimental group 4.52 and control group 4.37 score (p<.05). Performance competence in childbirth care is experimental group 4.53 and control group 4.35 score (p<.05). The students who have maternity nursing related clinical practice and core skill practicum experience show high core skill evaluation score. Conclusion: Therefore, it is recommended that current maternity nursing core skill curriculum should be reviewed and improved, and the students should be provided variety of simulation techniques to gain essential knowledge and core nursing skills.

• Journal of Family Relations
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.87-109
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• 2017

Objectives: While employed mothers' use of maternity and parental leave has increased, the contexts that facilitate or hinder mothers' leave policy use have been under examined. The purpose of this study was to explore mothers' experiences of using maternity and parental leave. Method: Twenty-two mothers with young child under age three participated in this study. Results: All 22 mothers used maternity leave and 12 mothers used parental leave. Three main themes were identified: different experiences of maternity leave, experiences of parental leave, and skepticism about the leave policy but with some hope that it will improve. Regarding the mothers' experiences of maternity leave, the mothers thought that maternity leave was easily accessible but some mothers still felt guilty for using maternity leave. They also prepared for their work gap before the leave to avoid harming their colleagues. Accessibility to parental leave varied according to the characteristics of the organizations (i.e., family-friendly organization culture, supportive supervisor) and family contexts (i.e., availability of child care from family members, financial issues). The mothers perceived that while parental leave helps working mothers coordinate their family and work life, it is not as accessible as maternity leave in Korea. They suggested extending the maternity leave duration and improving accessibility to parental leave. Conclusions: These findings suggest that policy support is warranted to help employed mothers with young children remain in the workforce. This study also has implications for supporting employed mothers' work and family life.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.86-96
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• 2011

Purpose: This study examined the effects of simulation-based education on knowledge about and self-confidence in maternity nursing care in senior students. Methods: One group, pre-post design, was utilized with 28 students. The simulation-based maternity nursing education that consisted of two sessions each 2 hours long for intrapartum and postpartum care was provided to 4 small groups. An expert panel of 3 maternity clinical instructors developed the module with a high-fidelity maternal simulator. Core items of knowledge about and self-confidence in maternity nursing care were measured with 13 items before and after the sessions. Results: The knowledge score did not increase significantly (z=-1.95, p=.05); however, self-confidence in maternity nursing care showed a significant change in the posttest (z=-2.82, p<.001). The subjective evaluation of the students indicated that the simulation-based education was helpful in preparing for clinical practicum as far as interaction with clients, psychological readiness to practice, and learning efficiencies. Conclusion: The simulation-based nursing education was useful in improving self-confidence in clinical performance for childbirth and postpartum care in nursing students. Along with the application of diverse scenarios in simulations, modules with standard patients and role-plays are also recommended for maternity nursing practicum to empower the competency of the students.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.618-626
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• 2019

This study conducted basic studies to develop electromagnetic wave shielding maternity wear. We investigated electromagnetic wave shielding fabrics and products as well as surveyed actual wearing states for pregnant women aged 35 to 44 and women who gave birth within the past one year. Available electromagnetic wave blocking products for pregnant women were blankets, aprons, maternity belts, and underwear. These only cover the abdomen and it was hard to find out electromagnetic waves shielding maternity wear, which can enhance functionality and complement the body shapes of pregnant women. The aged mother responded pregnancy delay was mostly attributable to late marriage, career, financial difficulty and health problems. Major health threats to babies were high stress levels during pregnancy, followed by electromagnetic waves from electronic devices. They prioritized physical activity, design, functionality and safety when wearing maternity wear. When purchasing maternity wear, they emphasized design, price, materials and size. The most preferred clothing was one-piece dress; consequently, only 11.1% of them were satisfied with the quality of maternity wear with complaints mostly about design and price. A total of 63% of respondents tried to protect themselves from electromagnetic waves. Most aged mothers showed a positive intention on purchasing electromagnetic waves blocking maternity wear for babies with concerns dealing with safety of materials, prices, ease of laundry, and body complementing design.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.15-34
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• 2007

This study was designed to collect a precise information concerning to the preference and evaluations after usage of pregnant Korean woman for the maternity wear bysurvey and wear tests. Through the survey, 212 respondents were asked to answer what type of maternity wear they prefer and what requirements for maternity wear design are important. According to the results of survey, the mostly preferred maternity wear items were pants and one-piece dress. Korean customers for maternity wear usually pay more for the one-piece dress than other items and they also usually put on medium price pants and low-price blouse. Concerning to the purchase criteria, it may be said that design and movability, fit factors are the buying decision criteria of great weight for Korean pregnant women. Special function most desired was thermal insulation, followed by buffer action, electromagnetic shield and quickly water-absorbent and dry property. Preferred maternity wear design details were flat collar, slightly fitted waist and empire style, gather skirt, rubber band waist. Wear test was performed for two kinds of blouse (BL) and one-piece dress (OP), and threekinds of pants (PT), which have different design details respectively. According to the wear test for ready-to-wear maternity garments, the garment which considers well the characteristics of Korean pregnant women body shape earned much higher score no matter of brands or prices. Generally, high-priced national brands received an excellent evaluation in design aspect, but not satisfied with comfort to move.