• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2023

Objectives: This study examined the changes in anxiety and depressive symptoms in the parents of Korean adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) after participating in the Korean version of the Program for the Education and Enrichment of Relational Skills for Young Adults (PEERS^® -YA-K). Methods: Forty-six parents were enrolled (mean age 54.7 years; 22 fathers and 24 mothers), of whom 27 participated in the PEERS^® - YA-K as social coaches. Participants completed self-report scales, including the Test of Young Adult Social Skills Knowledge (TYASSK), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Symptom Check-List-90-R (SCL-90-R). The scales were administered three times: before and after the 16-week program and 4 months after the program ended. Differences between participant variables at pretreatment, post-treatment, and follow-up were analyzed using paired-sample t-tests. Results: Participants showed a significant improvement in their social skills knowledge (TYASSK) (p<0.01). There was a significant improvement in the BAI and BDI scores of parents with severe depressive and anxiety symptoms at the baseline (p<0.05). Paternal paranoia and maternal hostility results also significantly improved on the SCL-90-R. Conclusion: This study suggests that PEERS^® -YA-K can reduce parental anxiety and depressive symptoms. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first to compare the degree of depression and anxiety after PEERS^® -YA-K in parents of adults with ASD.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.268-275
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• 2023

Background: With the establishment of international guidelines and changes in insurance policies in Korea, the role of targeted ultrasonography has increased. This study aimed to identify the rates and clinical course of anomalies detected using prenatal targeted ultrasonography. Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of all pregnancies with targeted ultrasonography performed in a single secondary medical center over 5 years. Results: Fetal anomalies were detected by targeted ultrasonography in 137 of the 8,147 cases (1.7%). The rates of anomalies were significantly higher in female fetuses (2.0% vs. 1.3%). In cases of female fetuses, the rate of anomalies was significantly higher in the advanced maternal age group (2.4% vs. 1.2%). In cases of male fetuses, the rate of anomalies was significantly higher in nulliparous (2.4% vs. 1.5%) and twin (5.7% vs. 1.9%) pregnancies. Pulmonary anomalies were significantly more common in the multiparity group (17.6% vs. 5.8%). Among the 137 cases, 17.5% terminated the pregnancy, 16.8% were diagnosed as normal after birth, and 42.3% were diagnosed with anomalies after birth or required follow-up. Conclusion: Through the first study on the rates and clinical course of anomalies detected by targeted ultrasonography at a single secondary center in Korea, we found that artificial abortions were performed at a high rate, even for relatively mild anomalies or anomalies with good prognosis. We suggest the necessity of a nationwide study to establish clinical guidelines based on actual incidences or prognoses.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.177-184
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• 2023

Objective: Reconstructed oocytes after polar body genome transfer constitute a potential therapeutic option for patients with a history of embryo fragmentation and advanced maternal age. However, the rescue of genetic material from the first polar body (PB1) through introduction into the donor cytoplasm is not yet ready for clinical application. Methods: Eighty-five oocytes were obtained following in vitro maturation (IVM) and divided into two groups: PB1 nuclear transfer (PB1NT; n=54) and control (n=31). Following enucleation and PB1 genomic transfer, PB1 fusion was assessed. Subsequently, all fused oocytes underwent intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and were cultured in an incubator under a time-lapse monitoring system to evaluate fertilization, embryonic morphokinetic parameters, and cleavage patterns. Results: Following enucleation and fusion, 77.14% of oocytes survived, and 92.59% of polar bodies (PBs) fused. However, the normal fertilization rate was lower in the PB1NT group than in the control group (56.41% vs. 92%, p=0.002). No significant differences were observed in embryo kinetics between the groups, but a significant difference was detected in embryo developmental arrest after the four-cell stage, along with abnormal cleavage division in the PB1NT group. This was followed by significant between-group differences in the implantation potential rate and euploidy status. Most embryos in the PB1NT group had at least one abnormal cleavage division (93.3%, p=0.001). Conclusion: Fresh PB1NT oocytes successfully produced normal zygotes following PB fusion and ICSI in IVM oocytes. However, this was accompanied by low efficiency in developing into cleavage embryos, along with an increase in abnormal cleavage patterns.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2023

The CYP11A1 gene encodes for the cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc), which initiates steroid hormone biosynthesis. Defective P450scc activity results in severe glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid deficiencies. We describe a case of P450scc deficiency due to a novel homozygous CYP11A1 variant inherited from the mother with a possibility of uniparental disomy (UPD). The patient was a female, had no family history of endocrine disease, and showed adrenal insufficiency at 13 days of age. Hormonal analysis with an adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test showed both glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid deficiencies, presumed to be a defect of the early stage of steroidogenesis. Exome sequencing reported a novel homozygous frameshift variant of CYP11A1 (c.284_285del, p.Asn95Serfs*10), which was inherited from the mother. Additionally, homozygosity in 15q22.31q26.2, which included CYP11A1, was identified using a chromosomal microarray. It was suggested that the possibility of maternal UPD was involved as the cause of a P450scc deficiency by unmasking the maternally derived affected allele. To our understanding, P450scc deficiency associated with UPD encompassing CYP11A1 had not been reported in Korea before. Genetic analysis can help diagnose rare causes of primary adrenal insufficiency, including P450scc deficiency.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.388-398
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• 2024

Objectives: A substantial proportion of women experience mental health challenges during pregnancy or the postpartum period. Common mental disorders (CMDs), including depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder, are prevalent. Identifying causes and associated risk factors is imperative for early intervention and the prevention of mental health issues. Methods: This study utilized data from the 2018 Basic Health Research, which was conducted nationwide in Indonesia, using a cross-sectional approach. We focused on women aged 13-49 years who were currently or previously married, and had experienced pregnancy, including 8889 pregnant women and 77 012 women who had delivered between January 1, 2013 and August 31, 2018. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 was employed to assess CMDs. Multivariate logistic regression was performed. Results: The prevalence of CMDs in pregnant women was 12.6%, while postpartum mothers exhibited a prevalence of 10.1%. Poor health status displayed the strongest impact on CMDs during both pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 12.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 9.01 to 16.60) and the postpartum period (aOR, 16.72; 95% CI, 14.85 to 18.82). Additional significant factors for both group include young maternal age, lack of education, unemployment, history of hypertension, and smoking status. Among pregnant women, CMDs was also associated with first-trimester pregnancy, previous pregnancy complications, and small upper arm circumference. For postpartum mothers, significant factors include living in rural areas, history of abortion, unwanted pregnancy, pregnancy complications, lack of antenatal care, spontaneous delivery, postpartum complications and contraceptive use. Conclusions: CMDs can impact in pregnant and postpartum women. Early diagnosis and management must be seamlessly integrated into primary healthcare practices.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the influence of depression severity, disease course, treatment status, and other factors on cognitive function in adolescents with depressive disorders. Methods: Participants who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Sociodemographic data of each participant were recorded, including age, sex, and family history of mental disorders. Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale was used to assess depression status in adolescents. Moreover, P300 and mismatch negativity (MMN) were used to objectively evaluate the participants' cognitive function. Results: Only 26.8% of the adolescents with depression received standard antidepressant treatment. The latencies of N2 (267.80±23.34 ms), P3 (357.71±32.09 ms), and MMN (212.10±15.61 ms) in the adolescent depression group were longer than those in the healthy control group (p<0.01). Further analysis revealed that the latency of MMN was extended with increased levels of depression in adolescents. The MMN latency was short in participants with depression receiving standardized treatment. Furthermore, the latency of MMN was positively correlated with the severity and duration of depression (correlation coefficients were 0.465 and 0.479, respectively) (p<0.01). Conclusion: Receiving standardized treatment and shortening the course of depression can reduce cognitive impairment in adolescents with depression.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.573-583
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• 2024

Smart devices have become an essential part of human life; however, excessive dependency on these devices has become a serious issue for both children and adults. In this study, a research model was developed which hypothesized that mothers' smartphone addiction influences children's media dependency, and that this effect is sequentially mediated by mothers' work-family strains and parental monitoring. To test this hypothesis, an analysis of data from the 13th Wave of Panel Study on Korean Children (PSKC), conducted in 2020, was performed. The data were collected from 726 children (359 boys, 367 girls) with an average age of 12.23 years (SD=.30). The analysis was conducted using SPSS 27.0 and Process MACRO Ver. 4.2. The results were as follows. Maternal smartphone addiction increased mothers' work-family strains, which in turn lowered the level of parental monitoring, which was associated with an increase in children's media dependency. Furthermore, mothers' smartphone addiction had a partial mediation effect on children's media dependency. In sum, this study revealed that the mothers' smartphone addiction increased children's media dependency, and this effect was sequentially mediated by an increase in mothers' work-family strains and a decrease in parental monitoring. This study verifies that mothers' smart device usage as well as their working environment has a significant effect on children's media dependency. Therefore, to increase parental monitoring of children's media usage, mothers' work-family strains need to be reduced.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.197-203
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• 2011

목적: 35세 이상 산모에서 체외 수정 시술을 통해 출생한 쌍생아와 자연 임신 쌍생아의 임상 양상을 비교하여 35세 이상 산모와 체외 수정 시술로 출생한 신생아 관리에 기초 자료 제공을 위하여 실시하였다. 방법: 2001년 1월 1일부터 2010년 12월 31일 사이 분당차병원에서 출생한 쌍생아 중 산모의 나이가 35세 이상인 신생아 508례를 대상으로 하여, 체외 수정 시술을 시행 받은 288례와 자연 임신군 220례 사이의 주산기 특성과 합병증 및 신생아기 질환발생의 차이를 의무 기록을 통해 후향적으로 조사하였다. 결과: 체외 수정 시술군과 자연 수정군 사이의 산모 연령은 (36.7${\pm}$2.07세 vs. 36.8${\pm}$2.18세, P=0.57)로 통계적 차이는 보이지 않았다. 재태 연령($36^{+0}{\pm}1^{+5}$주 vs. $36^{+0}{\pm}2^{+0}$주, P=0.95), 출생체중(2,420${\pm}$440 g vs. 2,480${\pm}$460 g, P=0.14) 역시 차이는 보이지 않았다. 1분 아프가 점수(7.37${\pm}$1.19 vs. 7.09${\pm}$1.46, P=0.019)와 5분 아프가 점수(8.67${\pm}$0.84 vs. 8.51${\pm}$0.96, P=0.045)는 모두 체외 수정 시술군에서 높았다. 임신성 당뇨, 임신성 고혈압, 전치태반, 조기 양막 파수, 제왕 절개술, 부당 경량아의 빈도는 두 군간의 차이가 없었다. 조발형 패혈증의 빈도는 체외 수정 시술군에서 자연 수정군보다 낮았다(2.4% vs. 6.4%, P=0.02). 그밖에 신생아 호흡 곤란 증후군, 기관지 폐 형성이상, 동맥관 개존증, 신생아 괴사 장염, 뇌실 내 출혈의 발생 빈도는 모두 두 군 간에 차이가 없었다. 결론: 본 기관에서 지난 10년간 고연령 산모에서 체외 수정 시술로 태어난 쌍생아의 임상 양상을 조사하여 자연 수정으로 출생한 쌍생아와 비교하였을 때, 체외 수정 시술로 인하여 주산기 합병증과 신생아기 질환의 발생 빈도가 높아지지는 않았다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.224-239
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• 2000

This descriptive study was conducted to understand the contents and degree of parental stress level in the NICU patients, and to give a baseline data in developing nursing intervention program. Subjects were the 62 mother of hospitalized newborn in NICU of 1 University Hospital in Taejon City from May 1st, 1999 to November 30th, 1999, who agreed to take part in this study. The instrument used in this study were Parental Stressor Scales : NICU(PSS:NICU) developed by Miles et al. and validated by 3 NICU practitioners and 3 child health nursing faculties. The questionnaire has 4 dimensions and 45 items; sight and sounds of NICU(5 items), babies' appearance and behavior(19 items), parental role alteration and relationship with their baby(10 items), communication with health team(11 items). The questionnaire asks parents to rate each item on a five-point Likert type scale that ranges from (1) to (5). Total scores representing overall stress from the NICU environment are calculated by summing response to each item. A high score indicates high stress. A subscale score is calculated by summing the responses to each item in the subscale. Cronbach's α coefficients were .93. The data was analyzed as average, Frequency, Standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient by use of SPSS/PC+. The results of this study is summarized as follows ; 1. The total perceived stress level score of mothers was slightly high(3.6±.7). The highest scored dimension was 'appearance and behavior of the baby'(3.9±1.5), and next were 'relationship with their baby and parental role change'(3.5±1.4), 'communication with health team'(3.4±.9), 'sight and sounds of NICU'(3.2±.8). 2. Two variables were statistically significant with PSS:NICU total scale ; mother's perceived severity of the baby's condition (r=.482, P=.002) and mother's religious attendance(t=2.83, P=.01). The more the mother perceive their baby's condition severe, the higher the total stress score. There were high stress score noted in the mother of no religious attendance. 3. Four variables were statistically significant with NICU environment subscale ; mother's educational background(F=3.45, P=.04), religious attendance(t=2.28, P=.04), sex of the baby(t=2.83, P=.01) and NICU patients' hospital day(r=.359, P=.004). That is mother with high educational background and girl baby were high NICU environment subscale score. 4. Four variables were statistically significant with appearance and behavior of the baby subscale ; when first saw baby(F=3.52, P=.04), incubator care(t=2.83, P=.01), mother's perceived severity of the baby's condition(r=.303, P=.017), number of NICU visit(r=.441, P=.002). That is, seeing the baby first in the NICU and recieved incubator care was very stressful. Also, the more the mother perceive their baby's condition severe and more NICU visit, the higher the appearance and behavior of the baby subscale stress score. 5. Four variables were statistically significant with relationship with their baby and parental role change subscale ; when first saw baby(F=3.37, P=.04), sex of the baby(t=2.36, P=.03), incubator care(t=5.60, P=.00), mother's perceived severity of the baby's condition(r=.401, P=.001). That is, seeing the baby first in the NICU and girl baby was very stressful. Also, the more the mother perceive their baby's condition severe, the higher the relationship with their baby and parental role change subscale stress score. 6. Three variables were statistically significant with communication with health team subscale ; mother's educational background (F=3.63, P=.04), incubator care(t=4.24, P=.00), gestational age(r=-.394, P=.047), and birth weight(r=-.460, P=.004). That is, mother with high educational background and receiving incubator care were high communication with health team subscale score. Also, the shorter the gestational age and smaller the baby's birth weight, the higher the communication with health team subscale score. In conclusion, information about physical environment of NICU, the mother's perceived severity of baby's illness state, maternal role change related variables and the knowledge of characteristics of NICU patients must be included in nursing intervention program of mother's of NICU patients in reducing the maternal stress and anxiety level.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.279-286
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• 2019

현재 병아리의 성 감별은 만우성 유전자를 이용한 깃털감별법이 산업적으로 가장 널리 이용되고 있다. 그러나 깃털감별을 위한 계통 조성은 반드시 부계는 조우성, 모계는 만우성이어야 함으로 깃털의 조만성이 생산능력에 미치는 영향을 알 필요가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 토종종계의 깃털 자가성감별 계통 조성을 위하여 이들 중 만우성 개체들과 조우성 개체들 간의 생산능력을 비교 분석하고자 하였다. 분석 결과, 발생 후 52주령까지의 생존율은 만우성 집단이 조우성 집단에 비해 유의하게 높은 생존율을 보였다(P<0.05). 체중은 거의 모든 주령에서 조우성과 만우성 집단간 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 산란능력에 있어 초산일령은 두 집단간에 차이가 없었으나 일계산란율 및 산란지수의 경우 공히 만우성 집단이 조우성 집단에 비해 유의적으로 높은 성적을 나타내었다(P<0.01). 난중을 비롯한 난각색, 난백높이 및 하우유니트 등 모든 난질 지표에 있어서도 조우성 집단과 만우성 집단간에 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 토종닭의 육종 목표는 육용형이므로 깃털감별계통 조성시 부 계통은 체중 위주의 조우성으로, 모 계통은 산란성 위주의 만우성으로 조성되어야 한다. 따라서 본 결과는 토종종계의 깃털 자가성감별 계통 조성을 위해서 매우 바람직한 현상으로 사료된다.