• 인지과학
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.213-242
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• 1993

그동안 자동색인 기법에 대해서는 단일어 색인,구색인,시소러스 기반 색인 등의 연구가 이루어져 왔는데,단일어 색인 기법이 단일어에 기초한 단순한 색인 방법 임에도 불구하고 다른 두가지 기법보다 일반적으로 우수하다고 알려져왔다. 시소러스 기반 색인은 이중에서도 검색효율이 낮은 것으로 알려져 왔는데,이는 일반적으로 시소러스가 포함하고 있는 색인용어들이 한정되어 있어 색인하려는 자료들이 이색인 용어에 부합(match)되지 않을 경우 색인 자체가 이루어 지지 않기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 시소러스 기반 색인이 지금까지 기법으로는 검색효율이 좋지 않지만 실제 전문 색인들이 하는 색인과 매우 유사하다는 장범에 기초하여,입력 자료를 구문분석하고,분석된 자료들과 색인용어들을 정확부합(exact match)이 아닌 부분부합(partial match)을 통하여 색인 함으로써 검색효율이 우수한 시소러스기반 자동 색인 시스템을 개발하고자 한다. 본 연구에서 개발된 색인 시스템이 THINS는 우선 시소러스를 트리형태로 구성하고 입력자료들을 KAIST에서 개발한 언어번역기 MATES/EK를 통하여 구문분석한 후 명사구들만 뽑아낸다.그다음 명사구에 있는 용어들중 불용어를 제거하고 스테밍작업을 진행한후 생기는 형태를 색인 용어들과 부분부합 과정을 반복하여,유사한 색인 용어들과 가능하면 색인이 되도록 한다. 본 연구에서는 CACM 데이타 집합을 가지고 본 시소러스 기반 색인 시스템과 단일어 색인방식을 혼성지식기반 시스템인 HYKIS에서 성능을 평가하였다.이 성능평가에서 시소러스를 기반으로 하는 색인 시스템이 단일어 색인방식보다 회상도에서는 8-9%떨어지지만 정확도에서는 10%정도 높은 결과를 나타내었다.그러나 이는 기존의 시소러스 기반시스템이 단일어 색인 방식보다 정확도가 25%-30%정도 떨어진다는 것을 비추어 볼때 기존의 방식보다 우수한 것이라 평가된다.또한 CACM 에서 제공하는 시소러스인 CRCS 가 1000여개의 색인어밖에 포함하고 있어 매우 불완전한 것이라는 것을 고려하면,THINS가 최근에 개발되고 있는 시소러스와 접속된다면 매우 우수한 검색효율을 내리라 사료된다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.228-234
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 공통 코드북의 평균값과 개인 코드북의 평균값 간의 바이어스 제거에 의한 채널 불일치 보상 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 제안한 방식은 학습시 공통 코드북의 센터값과 학습 데이터의 센터값과의 차수별 차를 미리 보상하여 학습하고, 확인시에도 공통 코드북의 센터값과 학습 데이터의 센터값과의 차수별 차를 보상하여 확인함으로써 채널의 불일치에 의한 급격한 본인 인식율 하락을 해결한다. 그러나 무조건적인 평균값 보상은 사칭자의 인증오류를 가져오게 되므로 채널의 변이에 비례하는 적절한 가중치를 통한 평균값 보상이 필요하다. 따라서, 제안하는 방식은 음성구간을 제외한 묵음구간의 분포를 고려하여 학습시 채널과의 변이차이를 비선형함수에 의한 가중치로 보상해준다. 모의 실험 결과 기존의 켑스트럼 평균 차감법을 사용할 때보다 제안한 알고리즘을 적용했을 때의 본인 거부 오류율이 평균 14.95% 감소함을 알 수 있었다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.93-104
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• 1999

For studying on the actual condition of the oral health control of the old there were invastigations on the Questions with the college of the old in Chonbuk as the central figure from June 1 to June 30, 1998 and the analyses about the frequency and the mutual relation through χ²-test. The results are as follow: 1. According to the result of the investigation into the actual condition about the oral health of the old, two times a day in the frequency of tooth brush per day was the highest at the rate of 50.35％, the use of dentifrice was 45.4％, and the exchanging time of tooth-brush after six months was the highest at the rate of 19.7％. And 96.1％ didn't use dental floss and 73.6％ didn't do scaling. It is thought that since 50％ used tooth sticks and match sticks we have to inform the old of the necessity of dental plague and period oral examination. 2. In oral health situation, it showed that the number of people who were very week was the highest at the rate of 37％ and there was the mutual relation between the use of tooth sticks and match sticks and present situation of oral health. And 54.93％ visited the dental clinic wethin a year, and 22.3％ among them made full denture. There was the mutual relation between the visit of dental clinic within a year and the consultation content and the number of people who teld that the consultation expense was very expensive was the higest at the rate of 27.8％ and 87％ didn't experience the oral education. So it is thought that we have to make an systematic education about the oral to the old and inform them of the necessity of oral health control. 3. We think it needs the establishment and plane of the systematic basis material and the oral education which is necessary in oral public industry for the dental preventive suitable to the characteristic of the old.

• 한국어학
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• 제63권
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• pp.103-132
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• 2014

This study compares various speech rates of Korean learners with those of native Korean. Speech data were collected from 34 native Koreans and 33 Korean learners (19 Chinese and 14 Japanese). Each participant recorded a 9 syllabled Korean sentence at three different speech rate types. A total of 603 speech samples were analyzed by speech rate types (normal, slow, and fast), native languages (Korean, Chinese, Japanese), and learners' proficiency levels (beginner, intermediate, and advanced). We found that learners' L1 background plays a role in categorizing different speech rates in the L2 (Korean), and also that the leaners' proficiency correlates with the increase of speaking rate regardless of speech rate categories. More importantly, faster speech rate values found in the advanced level of learners do not necessarily match to the native speakers' speech rate categories. This means that learning speech rate categories can be more complex than we think of proficiency or fluency. That is, speech rate categories may not be acquired automatically during the course of second language learning, and implicit or explicit exposures to various rate types are necessary for second language learners to acquire a high level of communicative skills including speech rate variation. This paper discusses several pedagogical implications in terms of teaching pronunciation to second language learners.

• 한국산업경영시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산업경영시스템학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.189-194
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• 2002

As a environment of SCM is issued recently, many enterprises are concerned about inventory control for an efficiency of operation and reliablity. The goal of them is to match up to improving of facilities and redoing of inventory cost. To put an efficiency in the operation rate of facilites, A moderate provision of spare parts for that would come into a matter. This study designs two-echelon spare parts distribution system and sees over the relationship between operating rate and inventories of spare parts. and then it determines fitting inventories and investment cost considering an operating rate.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.23-34
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• 1984

A bubble trapped in the liquid manifold of INTELSAT IV F-7 spacecraft caused a mass imbalance between the System 1 propellant tanks and a wobble half angle of 0.38 degree to 0.48 degree. A maneuver on May 14, 1980 passed the bubble through the axial jet and allowed propellant to redistribute. A 0.2 rpm change in sin rate was observed with an exponential decay time constant of 6 minutes. In this paper, moment of inertia, tank geometry and hydrodynamic models are derived to match the observed spin rate data. The values of the total mass of propellant considered were 16, 19 and 20 kgs with corresponding mass imbalances of 14.3, 15 and 15.1 Kgs, respectively. The result shows excellent agreement with observed spin rate data but it was necessary to assume a greater mass of hydrazine in the tanks than propellant accounting indicated.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.307-323
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• 2016

The nonlinear behaviors of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) frame structure are investigated by numerical simulation method with 3-D finite fiber elements. The dynamic characteristics and the seismic performance of the RAC frame structure are analyzed and validated with the shaking table test results. Specifically, the natural frequency and the typical responses (e.g., storey deformation, capacity curve, etc.) from Model 1 (exclusion of strain rate effect) and Model 2 (inclusion of strain rate effect) are analyzed and compared. It is revealed that Model 2 is more likely to provide a better match between the numerical simulation and the shaking table test as key attributes of seismic behaviors of the frame structure are captured by this model. For the purpose to examine how seismic behaviors of the RAC frame structure vary under different strain rates in a real seismic situation, a numerical simulation is performed by varying the strain rate. The storey displacement response and the base shear for the RAC frame structure under different strain rates are investigated and analyzed. It is implied that the structural behavior of the RAC frame structure is significantly influenced by the strain rate effect. On one hand, the storey displacements vary slightly in the trend of decreasing with the increasing strain rate. On the other hand, the base shear of the RAC frame structure under dynamic loading conditions increases with gradually increasing amplitude of the strain rate.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.109-120
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• 1992

The auther reported the distribution of fisheries high schools and arrangement of curriculum in Japan in the forward report, and describes on the outer apparance and substantiality of education of fisheries high schools in Japan in the present report. 1. The rate of population to the number of fisheries high school shows 2,350 thousands in Japan, compared with 3,250 thousands in Korea. Then the rate in Korea is 1.4 times as high as that in Japan. 2. The rate of pupil to the whole regular instructors for fundamental subjects and for vocational subjects in the fisheries high schools, and also the rate to the instructors for vocational subjects show 10.4 and 16.3 in Japan, compared with 18.2 and 30.2 in Korea. Then the rate in Korea is 1.8 times as high as that in Japan. In addition to the instructors for vocational subjects. trainer and assistants for technical training-are employed in Japan compared with no such instructors or assistants in Korea. Then the rate of pupil to the whole instructing staffs in Korea is 2.4 times as high as that in Japan. 3. 81 percents of training ships in Japan are larger than 400 gross tons, which is extremely higher to that in Korea. The rate of gross tonnage of the ships to the number of trainees shows 6.2 tons in Japan compared with 1.1 tons in Korea. Also such large dimensioned training ships are newly built every other 12 years. the construction cost per 1 gross ton of such ships are said as 2.5 to 3 million yen, which corresponds to 15 to 18 million wons, and is over 3 times as much as that in Korea. 4. The basic education on the marine field is widely diffused in Japan. For an example, swimming pools are prepared not only in fisheries high schools but also in primary schools although it is rate even in fisheries high schools or colleges in Korea. 5. Almost all provinces which locate on the seashore have at least one fisheries high school and the curriculum is arranged to match the needs of local districts, then the management of school is tightly linked to the local government. 6. Entrance system is also flexible and recommended entrance system for successors of fishermen is settled. 7. Re-education of instructors for the new subjects which should be prepared to match the demands of ages are supported by local government in the aspect of time and budget. 8. The special two-year course for advanced seamen' s education is attached to some fisheries high schools and the graduates are qualified to get the third grade marine officer's or engineer's liscence.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.608-614
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 관능특성이 다른 시판약주 4종과 우리나라 대표 안주로 여겨지는 6종의 동반음식간의 조화정도를 평가하고 동반음식 섭취에 따른 이들 약주 기호도의 변화를 파악하였다. 관능특성이 다른 약주와 6종의 동반음식 간의 유의적인 조화도의 차이가 파악되었으며 이들 동반음식의 섭취가 약주의 기호도에 전반적으로 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 동반음식과 약주의 조화정도에 따른 기호도의 섭취 전 후의 일관된 변화 패턴은 파악되지 않았다. 향후 약주와 동반음식간의 조화정도와 기호도 개선을 위해서는 먼저 약주 뿐 아니라 동반음식의 향미 패턴도 정량적으로 분석하여 제품간의 향미패턴 차이에 따른 조화정도와 기호도 변화를 파악하여야 할 것으로 여겨진다. 또한 본 연구에서 사용된 조화정도 척도의 경우 와인과 치즈의 조화도 평가에 대개 사용되는 것으로 향후 우리술의 평가에 적합한 척도의 개발이 필요할 것으로 여겨진다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제25권3A호
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• pp.406-411
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• 2000

무선 ATM 시스댐에서 효율적인 데이터 전송을 위해서는 우수한 오류 정정 부호가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 오류 정정 부호로 RCPSCCC를 사용한 적응 하이브리드 ARQ 기법을 제안한다. 이 RCPSCCC의 부호율은 채널 환경과 데이터 종류에 따라 조절된다. 레일레이와 라이시안 페이딩 채널에서 BER(Bit Error Ratio)과 WER(Word Error Ratio)의 상한계(upper bound)를 outer 부호기 와 inner 부호기 의 유효 자유거리(effective free distances)만을 사용하여 유도한다. RCPSCCC를 적응 하이브리드 ARQ 프로토콜에 적용함으로서 효율적인 데이터 전송을 할 수 있다.