• BMB Reports
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.547-553
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• 2007

Many motifs along the 1.2 kb myostatin promoter (MSTNpro) in sheep have been found by the MatInspecter program in our recent study. To further verify the role of the motifs and better understand the transcriptional regulation mechanism of the myostatin gene in sheep, the reporter gene EGFP (enhanced green fluorescent protein) was selected and the wild-type (W) vector MSTNPro$^W$-EGFP or motif-mutational (M) vector MSTNPro$^M$-EGFP were constructed. The transcriptional regulation activities were analyzed by detecting the fluorescence strength of EGFP in C2C12 myoblasts transfected with the vectors. The results showed that E-box (E) 3, E4, E5 and E7, particularly E3, E5 and E7, had important effects on the activity of the 1.2 kb sheep myostatin promoter. In addition, we also detected several other important motifs such as MTBF (muscle-specific Mt binding factor), MEF2 (myocyte enhancer factor 2), GRE (glucocorticoid response elements) and PRE (progesterone response elements) along the sheep myostatin promoter by the mutational analysis.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.60-70
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• 2001

This landscape design proposal was presented to a design competition for Gwangjin-gu Community Center and Assembly Hall. The site is located in 227-7 Jayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul and is part a block designated as \`Kunkuk University Detailed Planning District\`. The judging criteria for landscape design set by the Gwangjin-gu could be articulated as follows: an identity of Gwangjin-gu, a relationship with surrounding environment, a locale as a community center of Gwangjin-gu, and an environment-friendly design. An identity of Gwangjin-gu was expressed by introducing lends and decks around the building which were transformed from the image of the old Gwangjin Ferry. The concept\` was strengthened by \`Nori-madang\` or Korean version of \`plaza\` which was designed by a motive of \`mungsuk\` or Korean old fashioned straw mat. An ambiguous relationship between the site and the surroundings was set by \`transparent exhibition frame\` which not only bleaks the massive Chungdam-daegyo, an elevated road, and frames it into small parts, but also attracts pedestrians toward the site-the \`park\`. Pedestrians from the adjacent\` Nengdong-ro Walkable Streets\` views the site through the many parts of frames. By introducing diverse resting and dynamic spaces for many kinds of cultural activities the site could function as a locale of the Gwangjin-gu community. The main paving system reflects the environment- friendly design. It was detailed by \`PC-block-deck-paving\` which was elevated from the ground so that rains could be absorbed.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.257-267
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors of fall and to examine its results among patients aged 60 and over diagnosed with osteoporosis. Methods: A retrospective descriptive survey was conducted with 91 patients admitted in a university hospital in a city. Data were collected using an interview method with a structured questionnaire, and were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression. Results: In patients with osteoporosis, the intrinsic risk factors of falls were aging (OR = 3.742), gait disturbance (OR = 12.565), taking one or fewer medicine (OR = 7.873), and having two or more diseases (OR = 5.173). The extrinsic risk factors included the use of a bed (OR = 3.093), slippery floors (OR = 12.130), bathroom mat without anti-slip rubber backing (OR = 3.564), and presence of a night light on the passage from the bedroom to the bathroom (OR = 2.980). Conclusion: For the elderly aged over 70 who are most vulnerable to falls, screening tests such as bone mineral density (BMD) should be conducted in health examinations and the risk of fracture caused by osteoporosis should be communicated to the vulnerable elderly. Besides, development of new exercise programs combining weightbearing exercise is needed to prevent bone loss and increase functional activities.

• 환경생물
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.184-191
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• 2004

To investigate bacteria with algalytic activities against Anabaena cylindrica when water blooming occurs and to study enzyme profiles associated with alga-lytic activity, various bacterial strains were isolated from surface waters and sediments in eutrophic lakes or reservoirs in Korea. Among 178 isolates, only nine isolates exhibited lytic abilities against A cylindrica on the agar plates, and then the isolate AK-13 was selected as the strongest in lysing the cyanobacterium A. cytindrica. The strain AK-13 was characterized and identified as Sinorhizobium sp. based on fatty acid methyl ether profiles and 16S rDNA sequence. According to the results of the enzyme assays, in the strain An-13 of Sinorhizobium sp., alginase, amylase, proteinase (caseinase and gelatinase), carboxymethyl-cellulase (CMCase), laminarinase, and lipase was produced, namely CMCase, laminarinase and protease were highly active. None of glycosidase was produced. Therefore, enzyme systems of Sinorhizobium sp. AK-13 were very complex to degrade cell walls of A. cylindrica. The peptidoglycans of A. cylindrica mat be hydrolyzed and metabolized to a range of easily utilizable monosaccharides or other low molecular weight organic substances by Sinorhizobium sp. AK-13.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2013

Purpose : This research was conducted to see the correlation between sway speed and muscle activity for lower extremity of stroke patients through unstable surface training. Methods : A total of 60 patients were randomly divided unstable surface group (30 peoples) and stable surface group (30 people). Then they were asked to carry out the same exercise program for 6 weeks. The unstable surface group and stable surface group performed the exercise program on the balance mat and on the hard wood block. We checked the changes of sway speed and the changes in muscle activity for lower extremity. Results : The unstable surface group displayed significantly reduced sway speed, and improved muscle activity of lower extremity. There were significant correlation between change amount of muscle activity and sway velocity in Gastrocnemius, Biceps femoris during unstable surface training(r=.373, p<.05)(r=.369, p<.05). And there were not show significant differences during stable surface training. Conclusion : Judging from this, we can have knowledge that the correlation between increase of muscle activity and decrease of sway velocity for Gastrocnemius, Biceps femoris in the unstable surface training.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.241-246
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• 1992

In this study. we measured the degree of browning of 3 potato culitivars harvested in Korea and compositions such as total phenols, tyrosine and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity. And we compared the extent of browning and composition factors to investigated which was related to the differences among 3 cultivars in browning. The results are as follows. 1. Among 3 culitivars, Sumi browned most after grinding and showed that browning in Sumi was preceded by significant1y shorter lag time. Namjak and Sumi were rapid to brown compared to Daejima. 2. Among 3 culitivars, Sumi contained significant1y more total phenols than did Namjak and Daejima. On the other hand, tyrosine contents by automatic analyzer of Sumi and Namjak were similar and mat of Daejima was the lowest. PPO activities were higher when catechol was used as substrate and Sumi contained more PPO than did the other culitivars. 3. When we compared me browning behavior and composition of 3 culitivars, significant correlation was obtained between browning extent and total phenols, tyrosine and PPO. For me individual cultivar, Sumi which browned much extensively showed higher correlation between browning and PPO. On the other hand, the other cultivars showed higher correlation with total phenols and tyrosine, respectively.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.91-94
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• 2004

Water and chloroform/methanol extracts of the three local Malaysian snakehead fish, Channa striatus (striped snakehead), Channa micropeltes (giant snakehead) and Channa lucius (blotched snakehead) were evaluated for inhibitory activity in chronic inflammation, using cotton pellet granuloma test. Both water extracts of C. striatus and C. micropeltes showed marked inhibition of the transudative and proliferative components of chronic inflammation (42.9 and 31.2% respectively for C. striatus, 35.6 and 26.2% for C. micropeltes) when compared to those of mefenamic acid (25.1 and 21.3% respectively) and piroxicam (36.1 and 26.2% respectively). The chloroform/methanol extracts did not exhibit any anti-inflammatory effects. These results indicated that C. striatus has more anti-transudative and anti-proliferative activities than the extract of C. micropletes. C. lucius extract in contrast, did not inhibit these two components. This present study indicated the beneficial effects of the water extracts of C. striatus and C. micropeltes, but not C. lucius on chronic inflammation.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.145-147
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• 2004

구름버섯(Coriolus versicolor), 상황버섯(Phellinus linteus) 노루궁뎅이버섯(Hericium erinaceus)의 균사체 배양액의 ethyl acetate 추출물이 돼지와 가금류의 설사 유발 세균류인 E. coli K88, E. coli K99, E. coli 987P와 Salmonella typhimurium 14058 균주에 대하여 항균활성을 보였으며, 특히 구름버섯 추출물은 가장 높은 항균활성을 보였다. 한편, kanamycin과 ampicillin에 대해 내성을 보이는 Staphylococus aureus CARM3230과 E. coli CARM1381 균주에 대해서도 세 가지 버섯 배양 추출물 모두 항균활성을 보였으며, 특히, 구름버섯 추출물은 가장 높은 항균 활성을 보였다. 이는, 이들 버섯 균사체 배양 추출물이 기존 항생제 대체용으로 가축 사료에 첨가제로 사용될 수 있다는 가능성을 보였다. 또한 이들 버섯류로부터 항생제 내성균을 억제할 수 있는 신규 항균성 물질의 탐색을 위한 기초자료로서 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.613-619
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• 2011

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the muscle activities of lumbar and lower extremity muscles between left and right sides using EMG(Electromyogram) when patients are transferred by physical therapists. Background: Asymmetrical lift was recognized as a major cause of musculoskeletal disorder. Several studies show that physical therapists' transferring patients needs caution as it could cause a lumbar pain to patients but there is not sufficient data to support. Method: Forty healthy rehabilitation hospital physical therapists joined for this study. The subjects were transferred from wheelchair to treatment mat(from left to right) by connecting the EMG device to the patients' body both on erector spine and rectus fermoris. At the moment when subjects were being transferred, the EMG device collected data from both erector spine and rectus femoris and it was normalized as %MVC. Then the EMG data was statistically analyzed using paired t-tests. Results: The EMG data show that the left erector spinae and rectus femoris are more activated than right erector spinae and rectus femoris in all position(p<.05) in a significant degree. Conclusion: The result implies that physical therapists' asymmetrical lifting when patients are transferred by them has a potential cause of musculoskeletal disorder of patients. Further studies will be conducted to find out a same tendency in other muscles of a body and to see if there are other factors to affect to patients during asymmetrical lifting. Application: These results can be used to provide baseline information for more understanding to asymmetrical lift loading.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.54-63
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the hip internal rotation on knee extensor and hip abductor electromyographic (EMG) activity during stair up and stair down mobility. Eighteen healthy subjects were recruited. All subjects performed stair up and down movements on a step of 30cm height while maintaining the hip in neutral (condition 1) and hip in internal rotation (condition 2). Surface EMG activity was recorded from five muscles (gluteus maximus, vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis oblique (VMO), posterior gluteus medius (Gmed), and tensor fascia latae (TFU)) and hip internal rotation angle was measured using a three dimensional motion analysis system The time period for stair up and down was normalized using the MatLab 6.5 program, and EMG activity was normalized to the value of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (%MVIC). The EMG activities according to the hip rotation (neutral or internal rotation) during the entire time period of stair up and down in each phase were compared using a paired t-test. During the entire period of stair up, the EMG activities of VL and TFL in condition 2 were significantly greater than in condition 1 (p<.05). During the entire period of stair down, the EMG activities of VL and TFL in condition 2 were significantly greater than in condition 1 (p<.05). However, the EMG activities of the other muscles were not significantly different between the conditions (p>.05). These results suggest that the stair up and down maintaining hip internal rotation was could be a contributing factor on patellar lateral tracking.