• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.527-536
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 의복의 2차원 패턴을 이용하여 3차원 의복 모델을 제작하고 생성된 3차원 의복을 3차원 인체 모델에 자동으로 착의하는 3차원 패션 디자인 시스템을 제안한다. 이 시스템에서는 먼저 2차원 격자의 코너 점을 이용하여 2차원 옷감 조각을 디자인한 다음에 2차원 옷감 조각들 사이에 재봉되어야 할 제약점들을 기술함으로써 3차원 의복을 디자인한다. 그 다음에는 3차원 인체 모델 파일과 3차원 의복을 읽어 들인 다음 질량-스프링 모델에 기반한 물리적 시뮬레이션에 의해 의복을 착용한 3차원 모델을 생성한다. 본 논문의 시스템은 사실적인 시뮬레이션을 위하여 인체 모델을 구성하는 삼각형과 의복을 구성하는 삼각형 사이의 충돌을 검사하고 반응 처리를 수행하였다. 인체를 구성하는 삼각형의 수가 매우 많으므로, 이러한 충돌 검사 및 반응 처리는 많은 시간을 필요로 한다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 Octree 공간 분할 기법을 이용하여 충돌 검사 및 반응 처리 수를 줄였으며 수초 이내에 가상 인체 모델에 의복을 입힐 수 있었다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2009

Aerial application using an agricultural unmanned helicopter was suggested for an alternative against current pesticide application methods. Centrifugal clutches play important roles in the performance and safety of the helicopter operation. A previous study analyzed and verified the power transfer theory of the guide type centrifugal clutch. Based on the clutch theory, optimal designs of the clutch became possible and feasible using a simulation method. Design criteria of the clutch were the power transfer capacity of 24.66 kW(33.5 PS) at the rated engine speed and the engaging range speed of 3,000${\sim}$3,500 rpm. Various designs were accomplished using the simulation. An optimal clutch was simulated by determining the values of spring constant and mass of friction sector, which were 94,700 N/m and 123.7 g, respectively. The design performed the power capacity of 24.86 kW(33.8 PS) and engagement speed of 3,069 rpm, meeting the design criteria. Using the designed clutch, an efficient transfer of the power would be possible for the unmanned agricultural helicopter.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.232-238
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• 2013

본 논문은 노이즈가 비 정규 분포를 따르는 수중 환경에서 비 선형 필터 기법에 따른 Mass-Damper-Spring (MBK) 시스템 위치추정에 관한 연구 내용이다. 최근 위치 추정에 사용되는 필터는 확장 칼만 필터 (EKF: Extended Kalman Filter) 와 파티클 필터(Particle Filter)가 주목 받고 있다. EKF는 가우시안 잡음 (Gaussian Noise) 이 존재하는 비선형 시스템에서 정확도가 높은 알고리즘으로 널리 사용되고 있지만, 수중 환경과 같이 비 가우시안 잡음이 존재하는 경우 사용에 많은 제약이 따른다. 이에 본 논문에서는 상태예측을 기반으로 둔 EKF와 비교하여, 통계적 발생 가능성 인자 (Maximum Likelihood) 에 기반한 분포 재해석 기법을 이용한 개선된 ODPF (One-Dimension Particle Filter)를 제안한다. 모의 실험을 통하여 non-Gaussian noise가 존재하는 수중 환경에서 EKF와 제안한 Particle filter를 사용한 위치 추정 결과를 비교 분석하였으며, 계산 용량 및 통계 샘플이 충분한 경우 ODPF가 EKF 대비 정확한 위치 추정 결과를 제공하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.924-931
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• 2002

Vacuum interrupters in order to be used in various switch-gear components such as circuit breakers, distribution switches, contactors, etc. spread the arc uniformly over the surface of the contacts. The electrodes of vacuum interrupters are made of sinter-forged Cu-Cr materials for good electrical and mechanical characteristics. Since the closing velocity is 1-2m/s and impact deformation of the electrode depends on the strain rate at that velocity, the dynamic behavior of the sinter-forged Cu-Cr is a key to investigate the impact characteristics of the electrodes. The dynamic response of the material at the high strain rate is obtained from the split Hopkinson pressure bar test using disc-type specimens. Experimental results from both quasi-static and dynamic compressive tests are Interpolated to construct the Johnson-Cook model as the constitutive relation that should be applied to simulation of the dynamic behavior of the electrodes. The impact characteristics of a vacuum interrupter are investigated with computer simulations by changing the value of five parameters such as the initial velocity of a movable electrode, the added mass of a movable electrode, the wipe spring constant, initial offset of a wipe spring and the virtual fixed spring constant.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.939-951
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• 2002

We propose a new multiscale Galerkin method based on interpolation wavelets for two-dimensional Poisson's and plane elasticity problems. The major contributions of the present work are: 1) full multiresolution numerical analysis is carried out, 2) general boundaries are handled by a fictitious domain method without using a penalty term or the Lagrange multiplier, 3) no special integration rule is necessary unlike in the (bi-)orthogonal wavelet-based methods, and 4) an efficient adaptive scheme is easy to incorporate. Several benchmark-type problems are considered to show the effectiveness and the potentials of the present approach. is 1-2m/s and impact deformation of the electrode depends on the strain rate at that velocity, the dynamic behavior of the sinter-forged Cu-Cr is a key to investigate the impact characteristics of the electrodes. The dynamic response of the material at the high strain rate is obtained from the split Hopkinson pressure bar test using disc-type specimens. Experimental results from both quasi-static and dynamic compressive tests are Interpolated to construct the Johnson-Cook model as the constitutive relation that should be applied to simulation of the dynamic behavior of the electrodes. The impact characteristics of a vacuum interrupter are investigated with computer simulations by changing the value of five parameters such as the initial velocity of a movable electrode, the added mass of a movable electrode, the wipe spring constant, initial offset of a wipe spring and the virtual fixed spring constant.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.299-307
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• 2016

This study aims to investigate effects of the length of the buoy and sand bag line on the loss of webfoot octopus pot. A numerical modeling and simulation was carried out to analyze the process that the pot gear affected by wave using the mass spring model. Through the simulation, tensions of sand bag line under various condition were investigated by length of buoy and sand bag line. The drag force and coefficient k of an artificial shell used in the webfoot octopus pot was obtained from an experiment in a circular water channel, and the coefficient k was applied to the simulation. To verify the accuracy of the simulation model, a simple test was conducted into measuring a rope tension of a hanging shell under flow. Then, the test result was compared with the simulation. The lengths of the buoy line in the simulation were 1.12, 1.41, 1.80, 2.23, 2.69, and 3.17 times of water depth. The lengths of sand bag line were 10, 20, 30, and 40 meters, and conditions of water depth were 8, 15, 22 meters. 4 meter height and 8 second period of wave were applied to all simulations. As a results, the tension of the sand bag line was decreased as the buoy and sand bag line were increased. The minimum tension of the sand bag line was appeared in conditions that the length of the buoy line is twice of water depth and the sand bag line length is over 40 meters (except in case of depth 8 meters.).

• 한국시뮬레이션학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국시뮬레이션학회 1993년도 제3회 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.12-13
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• 1993

컴퓨터를 이용한 모의 실험 방법은 과학 및 공학 분야뿐만 아니라 경제,사회 현상등에도 널리 적용될 수 있는 유용한 도구이다. 그 중에서도 연속체계 모의 실험은 미분 방정식으로 모델링되는 시스템을 대상으로 하는 경우가 맡으며, 이를 위하여 그동안 맡은 연속체계 모의 실험 언어들이 개발되었다. 그러나 그들은 대부분 사용하기가 복잡하여 사용자 편의성을 고려한 모의 실험 언어에 대한 필요성이 증대되었다. 본 연구에서는 사용자에개 최대한 편의성을 제공하는 연속체계 모의 실험 언어인 PCSL (Postech Continuous-system Simulation language)을 개발하였다. PCSL 프로그램은 프로그램 헤더, 상수 정의부, 함수 정의부, 매개 변수 정의부, 초기화 선언부, 모델 정의부, 종료 조건 선언부, 출력 선언부 등으로 나누어 진다. 그리고 출력으로는 계산 결과를 파일에 저장, 흑은 수치로 인쇄하거나 그래프로 그려서 보여준다. PCSL 처리 시스템은 모델 정의부에서 주어진 미분방정식을 해석해서 digital-analog simulation 기법으로 풀 수 있는 형태로 변환하는 번역기와 이렇게 변환된 형태의 미분방정식과 여러 가지 조건들을 고려해서 C 프로그램을 생성해주는 생성기, 생성된 C 프로그램을 실행시켜서 그 결과를 얻는 실행기,그리고 사용자에게 편리한 입출력 방법을 제공하는 사용자 인터페이스로 구성된다. 번역기에서는 모델로 주어진 미분방정식의 종류를 결정한 후에 이들을 digital-analog simulation 기법으로 풀 수 있는 형태로 변환한다. 생성기에서는 번역기의 결과를 받고,프로그램 상의 여러 가지 조건들을 고려해서 C 프로그램을 생성한다. 여기서 생성된 C프로그램은 미분방정식을 포함하는 ‘f.c'와 조건들을 포함하는'main.h', 그리고 digital-analog simulation 기법을 이용하는 모의 실험 알고리즘을 구현한 'main.c'로 구성된다. 그리고 실행기에서는 생성기에서 생성한 C 프로그램을 실행시켜서 결과를 얻는다. 여기에서 필요로 하는 PCSL 프로그램의 내응은 종료 조건 선언부, 출력 선언부 등이다. 마지막으로 사용자 인터페이스는 사용자가 간편하게 PCSL 프로그램을 입력할 수 있게 도와주며 모의 실험 결과를 쉽게 화면상에 보여주기 위한 것이다. 이 때에 사용자가 원하면 계산 결과를 그래프로 그려서 보여주는 기능과 화면에 보이는 결과를 프린터로 출력할 수 있는 기능을 제공한다. 실형 결과로는 먼저 선형 상미분방정식의 예로 mass-damper-spring system, 비선형 상미분방정식의 예로는 van der Pol 방정식, 연립 상미분방정식의 예로는 mixing tank problem 등을 보였으며, 그의 공학에서 일어나는 여러 가지 문제들도 다루었다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.663-671
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• 2008

This paper presents a real-time haptic rendering method for multi-contact interaction with virtual environments. Haptic systems often employ physics-based deformation models such as finite-element models and mass-spring models which demand heavy computational overhead. The haptic system can be designed to have two sampling times, T and JT, for the haptic loop and the graphic loop, respectively. A multi-rate output-estimation with an exponential forgetting factor is proposed to implement real-time haptic rendering for the haptic systems with two sampling rates. The computational burden of the output-estimation increases rapidly as the number of contact points increases. To reduce the computation of the estimation, the multi-rate output-estimation with reduced parameters is developed in this paper. Performance of the new output-estimation with reduced parameters is compared with the original output-estimation with full parameters and an exponential forgetting factor. Estimated outputs are computed from the estimated input-output model at a high rate, and trace the analytical outputs computed from the deformation model. The performance is demonstrated by simulation with a linear tensor-mass model.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 2000년도 THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ENGINEERING. V.II
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• pp.146-153
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• 2000

The rubber crawler system for farm machine is composed of driving units such as track rollers, driving sprockets and rubber crawlers. Vibration characteristics of the rubber crawler system varies by driving speed, center of gravity, mass□moment of inertial□location arrangement of track rollers and dynamic parameters such as dynamic spring constant (k) and viscous damping coefficient (c) of a rubber crawler. In general, vibration of the rubber crawler system occurs by reason for mechanical interaction between the rubber crawler and track rollers. Because the dynamic spring constant and viscous damping coefficient vary periodically by mechanical characteristics(deformation characteristics) of the rubber crawler when track rollers drive on the between lugs of the rubber crawler. Therefore, both dynamic parameters k and c were expressed as Fourier series by authors through the shaking test of the rubber crawler and further, vibration characteristics of the rubber crawler system could be simulated analytically. However, actual values of dynamic parameters k and c are different from those obtained by the shaking test because dynamic characteristics of the rubber crawler vary by the effect of variable tension and driving resistance of track rollers. So, actual values of k and c should be identified in the condition of actual driving test. In this study, dynamic parameters such as k and c of the rubber crawler system, which are expressed as Fourier series, were identified using the Gauss-Newton Method. Therefore, validity of identified parameters k and c was discussed through the simulation using experimental data of actual driving test. As a result, in the Fourier series of dynamic parameters of spring constant k and viscous damping coefficient c, excellent parameter convergence and simulation were observed using the Fourier series' zero order and first term of the dynamic model. Furthermore, it was clarified that identification for model parameters which are fitted to actual dynamic motion (vibration) wave of the crawler system was possible by using the time series data observed in vertical and pitching motion of the crawler system.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.152-154
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• 2008

We present a simple and efficient technique for a plausible elastic deformation of three-dimensional objects. An elastic sweep surface is constructed by interpolating key cross sections with positions, orientations, and boundary shapes determined by physical simulation of simple mass-spring systems. The deformable parts of an object are approximated by the elastic sweep surfaces, and the vertices of the deformable parts are bound to nearby sweep surfaces. As an external force is applied, the corresponding parts of an object change their shapes elastically. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our technique and show its real-time performance on mesh objects.