• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.291-295
• /
• 1998

Intravenous anesthesia was compared with inhalation anesthesia in 20 patients of oral and maxillofacial surgery. The patients were randomly assigned to study in two treatment groups. 20 patients were injected ketamine and propofol. 20 patients were administered Enflurane. The respond of patients consciousness and general recovery condition of the two groups were compared. Intravenous anesthesia group were awake significantly faster without complications such as nause, vomiting, and agitation after operation than inhalation anesthesia group. Full recovery time of intravenous anesthesia group was significantly 3 times less than inhalation anesthesia group. The authors conclude that intravenous anesthesia is a practical technique for oral and maxillofacial surgery patients undergoing and may be preferable to intravenous anesthesia because of the significantly short of recovery time without complications.

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.411-418
• /
• 2007

We studied the bottom morphology and sedimentary environments of the Masan Bay using high-resolution Chirp seismic profiles and sediments data. According to deep-drilled core samples (up to 20 m thick) penetrated into the weathered rock basement, the sediments consist largely of three sediment types: the lower sandy gravel facies (Unit I) of 1-4 m in thickness, the middle sandy mud and/or muddy sand facies(Unit II) of 1-2 m thick and the upper mudfacies (Unit III) of over 10 m in thickness. The sedimentary column above the acoustic basement can be divided into two major sequences by a relatively strong mid-reflector, which show the lower sedimentary sequenc e(T) with parallel to subparallel internal reflectors and the upper sedimentary sequence(H) with free acoustic patterns. Acoustic basement, the lower sedimentary sequence (T), and the upper sequence (H) are well correlated with poorly sorted massive sandy gravels (Unit I), the sand/mud-mixed sediment (Unit II), and the muddy facies(Unit III), respectively. The acoustic facies and sediment data suggest that the Masan bay is one of the most typical semi-enclosed coastal embayments developed during the Holocene sea-level changes. The area of the Masan Bay reduced from about $19\;km^2$ in 1964 to about $13\;km^2$ in 2005 by reclamation, and its bottom morphology changed as a result of dredging of about $2{\times}10^7\;m^3$.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.1143-1151
• /
• 2016

To study the dispersion process and residence time of anthropogenic pollutant in Masan bay, a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model coupled to a particle tracking model, EFDC, is applied. Particle tracking model simulated the instantaneous release of particles emulating discharge from river and wastewater treatment plant to show the behaviour of pollutant in terms of water circulation and water exchange. Modelled outcomes for water circulation were in good agreement with tidal elevation and current data. The results of particle tracking model show that over half of particles released from northern Masan bay transport to out of area while the particles from Dukdong wastewater treatment plant transport to northern area. This meant pollution source from inside and outside of the northern area can affect water quality of northern Masan bay.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.217-220
• /
• 2002

Although osteochondromas are common bone lesions, extraosseous osteochondromas are rare. The most common sites of involvement are the hand, knee, and foot. The authors experienced a case of soft tissue osteochondroma in the plantar aspect of the left foot. The patient complained of a palpable mass for 5 years. The mass grew slowly and had been asymptomatic until 5 months prior to admission when the patient developed slight pain on ambulation and numbness distal to the mid foot. Radiologic studies demonstrated well-circumscribed, lobulated, ossified mass in the plantar aspect of the mid foot. Histological examination confirmed a osteochondroma of soft tissue origin.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.55 no.6
• /
• pp.954-959
• /
• 2022

Marine outfalls are used to discharge treated liquid effluents to the environment. An efficiently designed, constructed and operated marine outfall effectively dilutes the discharged effluent, thereby reducing the risk to biota and humans dependent upon the marine environment. In this study, we investigated the effluent transport from a marine outfall at different depths in Masan Bay. A particle-tracking model was used to predict the dispersion of effluent. The model results indicate that some particles released from a depth of 13 m move to the inner area of Masan Bay within 48 h. As the release depth increases after 48 h, the particles move further southward. This suggests that effluent from the outer area of Masan Bay can affect the inner area, and that this effect can be reduced by increasing the depth of effluent release.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.49-58
• /
• 2000

The frequency analysis of annual maximum rainfall data and the derivation of probable rainfall intensity formula at Masan station are performed in this study. Based on the eight different rainfall duration data from 10 minutes to 24 hours, eight types of probability distribution (Gamma, Lognormal, Log-Pearson type III, GEV, Gumbel, Log-Gumbel, Weibull, and Wakeby distributions), three types of parameter estimation scheme (moment, maximum likelihood and probability weighted methods) and three types of goodness-of-fit test (${\chi}^2$, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Cramer von Mises tests) were considered to find an appropriate probability distribution at Masan station. The Lognormal-2 distribution was selected and the probable rainfall intensity formula was derived by regression analysis. The derived formula can be used for estimating rainfall quantiles of the Masan vicinity areas with convenience and reliability in practice.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 1999.11a
• /
• pp.28-30
• /
• 1999

This paper proposes a robust FPID(Fuzzy Proportional Integral Derivative) controller for the LFC(load frequency control) of 2-area power system. The PID gain parameters of the proposed robust FPID controller are self-tuned by PSGM(Product Sum Gravity Method) which is very similiar to human's inference procedures. As the results of simulation, the proposed FPID controller against various load disturbances shows that it is superior to the conventional control techniques such as optimal, PID and fuzzy control in the response characteristics of frequency and tie line power flow.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.47-52
• /
• 1998

Tissue-equivalent $MgB_4O_7$ TL phosphors were prepared and the effects of Lantanides series activators on TLD properties of the phosphors were studied. The glow curve of TLD increased TL intensity and the peak temperature is low that is, the heating rate is $10^{\circ}C/sec$. The activation energy of the main peak estimated by the peak shape method. By these methods, the estimated activation energies were $0.76{\sim}1.55eV$ respectively. The TL phosphors prepared in this work may be utilized to radiation sensor elements because of this high sensitivity to X-ray.

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.45-56
• /
• 2000

Hydrodynamic mixing characteristics of submerged effluent discharges into Masan Bay were investigated by both field observations and numerical model simulations. CORMIX model, a length-scale mixing model, was adopted to obtain the near-field dilution and wastefield characteristics of the effluent discharges into Masan Bay. Model predictions of the near-field dilution rates were in a good agreement with field observations in summer and winter seasons. Seasonal variations in the dilution rates showed that the highest dilution rate was obtained in winter while the lowest dilution rate was in summer. As the effluent discharges are increased with the treatment capacity expansion to be completed by 2011, the dilution rates are expected to be much reduced and the near-field stability of the wastefields will become unstable due to the increased effluent discharges.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.30-34
• /
• 2000

The Actinomyces organism is inherent in human as normal flora found in the mouth. Outside of the mouth, this organism can cause actinomycosis. Involvement of the extremity is very rare and atypical. The authors have experienced a case of actinomycosis of the foot and report with the literature review. Histopathologic finding shows multiple sulfur granules. In histochemical stains, periodic acid-Schiff, Gomori methionine silver, and gram stain were positive, and acid fast bacilli stain was negative. The patient was treated with surgical excision and antibiotic administration with Ampicillin for 6 months.