• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2004.03b
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• pp.203-210
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• 2004

Consolidation properties were analysed by means of depositional environments. Depositional environments including geochemical properties, porewater chemistry, sediment structures, particle size distributions and carbon age dating were analysed using undisturbed samples retrieved successively from a boring hole in the study area. Laboratory oedometer tests and anisotropic consolidated triaxial tests(CKoUC) were performed to examine the overconsolidation phenomenons. Based on the carbon age dating results and profiles of geochemical properties, porewater chemistry, salinity and pH, it was founded that the upper silt/clay complex layer was deposited under marine condition while sand and clay layers were deposited under fluvial condition. Planar laminated structures of silts and clays were dominant in marine deposits. Although there was no clear evidences that geological erosion had been occurred in marine deposits, overconsolidation ratio obtained from oedometer tests were greater than unity. Stress paths of samples behaved similar to those of normally consolidated clays. Data plotted in stress state charts proposed by Burland(1990) and Chandler(2000) showed that the marine deposits were geologically normally consolidated. These apparent overconsolidations can be explained by the fabric and chemical bonding due to the difference of the rate of deposition.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.1122-1140
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• 2024

The importance of indoor positioning has grown in numerous application areas such as emergency response, logistics, and industrial automation. In ships, indoor positioning is also needed to provide services to passengers on board. Due to the complex structure and dynamic nature of ship environments, conventional positioning techniques have limitations in providing accurate positions. Compared to other indoor positioning technologies, Bluetooth 5.1-based indoor positioning technology is highly suitable for ship environments. Bluetooth 5.1 attains centimeter-level positioning accuracy by collecting In-phase and Quadrature (IQ) samples from wireless signals. However, distorted IQ samples can lead to significant errors in the final estimated position. Therefore, we propose an indoor positioning method for ships that utilizes a Deep Neural Network (DNN) combined with IQ fingerprint maps to overcome the challenges associated with accurate location detection within the ship. The results indicate that the accuracy of our proposed method can reach up to 97.76%.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.41-49
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• 2002

This paper describes on the initial procedure of the concept development for marine waste cleaning ships and her fleets. We investigated and analyzed about missions, operating ocean environments; similar cleaning ships, laws and regulations for determining the functional requirements of ships and fleets, and then top-level requirements were drawn out. According to the volume estimation of marine wastes in domestic coastal and shoreline, we made the alternatives, combination of some design factors, for the evaluation of economical efficiency. As a result of this study, we organized the fleets of marine waste cleaning ships adapted to the environments of domestic coastal.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.239-244
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• 2013

Marine equipment exposed to harsh environments requires not only excellent corrosion resistance but also improvement of physical characteristics against natural material degradation. With growing interests in ocean energy resources, the higher reliability for marine equipment has become more important in terms of material characteristics. ALBC3 alloy represents excellent corrosion resistance and is widely used in corrosive environments. However, cavitation damage occurs frequently due to its poor durability in high flow rate of marine environment. In this research, shot peening technology was employed as a surface modification with shot peening stand-off distance to mitigate cavitation damage. The effects of shot peening on extent of cavitation damage and weight loss were evaluated for both shot peened and non-peened specimens. The results revealed that the application of shot peeing decreased cavitation damage for all experimental conditions in comparison with the non-peened specimens. The optimum stand-off distance was determined to be 10 cm, since more than 35 % of cavitation damage reduction was observed.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.144-151
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• 2005

During the past ten years, Archaea have been recognized as a widespread and significant component of marine picoplankton assemblages. More recently, the presence of novel archaeal phylogenetic lineages has been discovered in coastal marine environments, freshwater lakes, polar seas, and deep-sea hydrothermal vents. Therefore, we conducted an investigation into the archaeal community existing in tidal flat sediment collected from Ganghwa Island, Korea. Phylogenetic analysis of archaeal 16S rDNA amplified directly from tidal flat sediment DNA revealed the presence of two major lineages, belonging to the Crenarchaeota ($53.9\%$) and Euryarchaeota ($46.1\%$) phyla. A total of 102 clones were then sequenced and analyzed by comprehensive phylogenetic analysis. The sequences determined in our samples were found to be closely related to the sequences of clones which had been previously obtained from a variety of marine environments. Archaeal clones exhibited higher similarities ($83.25 - 100\%$) to sequences..from other environments in the public database than did those ($75.22 - 98.46\%$) of previously reported bacterial clones obtained from tidal flat sediment. The results of our study suggest that the archaeal community in tidal flat sediment is remarkably diverse.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.428-435
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• 2019

In the shallow coastal area, located off the northwestern Taean Peninsula of the eastern Yellow Sea, geoacoustic models with two layers were reconstructed for underwater acoustic experimentation and modeling. The Yellow Sea experienced glacio-eustasy sea-level fluctuations during Quaternary period. Coastal sedimentation in the Yellow Sea was characterized by alternating terrestrial and shallow marine deposits that reflected the fluctuating sea levels. The coastal geoacoustic models were based on data from piston, grab cores and the high-resolution 3.5 kHz, chirp seismic profiles (about 70 line-kilometers, respectively). Geoacoustic data of the cores were extrapolated down to 3 m in depth for geoacoustic models. The geoacoustic property of seafloor sediments is considered a key parameter for modeling underwater acoustic environments. For simulating actual underwater environments, the P-wave speed of the models was adjusted to in-situ depth below the sea floor using the Hamilton method. The proposed geoacoustic models could be used for submarine acoustic inversion and modeling in shallow-water environments of the study area.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.705-712
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• 2009

The state changes of ocean covered over 70% of earth surface are one of the greatest factor of weather catastrophe. Recently weather extraordinary events are followed by steep increase of sea water temperature and scientists in various fields are studying and warning the weather changes. In this paper, floating buoy is developed to monitor ocean environments via Orbcomm satellite and a method is proposed to increase measurement accuracy of sea water temperature with common low price temperature sensor. Experimental results are presented to illustrate the usability and effectiveness of the developed system. A web-based real time monitoring system is built to monitor ocean environmental information such as sea and air temperature, salinity according to the position of buoy through the internet for user convenience.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.137-143
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• 2008

In recent years, much research work has been performed on durability design and long-term performance of concrete structures in marine environments. In particular, the development of new procedures for probability-based durability design has been shown to provide a more realistic basis for the analysis. This approach has been successfully applied to several new concrete structures, where requirements for a more controlled durability and service life have been specified. For reinforced concrete structures in a marine environment, it is commonly assumed that the dominant degradation mechanism is the corrosion of the reinforcement due to the presence of chlorides. The design approach is based on the verification of durability limit states, examples of which are: depassivation of reinforcement, cracking and spalling due to corrosion, and collapse due to cross section loss of reinforcement. With this design approach the probability of failure can be determined as a function of time. In the present paper, a probability-based durability performance analysis is used in order to demonstrate the importance of the durability design approach of concrete structures in marine environments. In addition, the sensitivity of the various durability parameters affecting and controlling the durability of concrete structures in a marine environment is studied. Results show that the potential of this approach to assist durability design decisions making process is great. Based the crucial information generated, it is possible to prolong the service life of structures while simultaneously optimizing the final design solution.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.143-149
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• 2004

Recently, RFID technology play a key role to implement ubiquitous sensor network(USN). In this paper, we introduce trends of RFID technology, standardization, and then its applications. The purpose of this work is to suggest prosperous applications of RFID, which is applicable on marine information system, such as ship inventory management, management of container and its contents, sensing of environments within cargo hold, management of fishery boats. In case that RFID technology is utilized on marine information systems, it makes safety at sea and marine environments protection.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.120-127
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• 2007

In any developing nation major investment goes for infrastructure and it is not exception in India. Good numbers of buildings, bridges, shopping malls, car parks etc. are coming up with steel for sustainable development. Thus protecting the structures from corrosion are the challenges faced by professionals for all types of steel structures. About 3% of GDP is accounted for loss due to corrosion. To combat this up to date corrosion map is called for as the country has wide variation of climatic zones with vastcoastline. Logically organic paint system can be prescribed based on the corrosion rate on bare steel with respect to environment. Present paper will emphasis on the study conducted on two types of structural steel coated with organic paint located in twomarine environment having been exposed for three years, Test coupons made from steels both bare and coated are deployed at two field stations having marine (Digha) and industrial marine (Channai) environments. Various tests like AC impedance DC corrosion, polarisation, salt spray test, $SO_2$ chamber and Raman spectroscopy were carried out both in laboratory on fresh as well as coupons collected from exposure sites. Rust formed on the bare and scribed coated coupons are investigated. It is found that normal marine environment at Digha exhibits higher corrosion rate than polluted marine environment in Channai. Rust analysis indicates formation of ${\propto}$-FeoOH protects or reduces corrosion rate at Channai and formation of non-protective ${\gamma}$-FeoOH increases corrosion rate at Digha. The slower corrosion rate in Channai than at Digha is attributed due to availability of $SO_2$, in the environment, which converts non‐protective rust ${\gamma}$-FeoOH to protective rust ${\propto}$-FeoOH. While comparing the damage on the coated panels it is found that low alloy structural steel provides less damage than plain carbon steel. From the experimentations a suitable paint system specification is drawn for identical environments for low medium and high durability.