• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.696-705
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• 1994

This study was done to provide a basis for home health care management for women following Cesarean delivery. Furthermore it was initiated as an possible application of home health care in the future. In this study, client selection criteria was developed by the researcher and assessment tools for home health care, recording system and problem oriented recording system were revised from Jun's(1993) methods. The selection criteria tool for home health care for women who had a Cesarean delivery was structured and consisted of five areas : physical status, functional status, psychological-emetional status, educational needs status and environmental status. The structured assessment tool consisted of general items, obstetric history, past medical history, methods of feeding, medications taken before ad-mission, laboratory results, discharge instructions, discharge medications, family tree, economic status, environmental status, a map, health assessment of women and their newborns. The visit note consisted of the date : nursing problems : nursing process including initial assessment : nursing goals : visit plan : health status of the postpartum women and their newborn : nursing diagnoses : nursing implementation evaluation : summary : next visit plan and revision. The problem oriented recording system consisted of the date, problem numbers, nursing diagnoses, problem appearance date, problem resolution date. The results of the research are as follows : The seven cases having had a Cesarean delivery were discharged on an average on the 5th day after the Cesarean birth. The total number of home visits was 13. According to Cordon's functional health patterns the total possible nursing diagnoses was 34 diagnoses for the methers and their newborns. Among the 34 diagnoses, there were 13 diagnoses in the health perception /management pattern, 7 in the psychosocial health perception / management pattern, 8 in the psychosocial self-perception, 2 in the nutrition / metabolism pattern of physical function, 2 in the knowledge deficit of newborn management, anxiety related to newborn management, knowledge deficit related to disease process of new-born, anxiety related to disease process of newborn anxiety related to prognosis of baby's condition, knowledge deficit related to newborn jaundice each appeared once. The changes in the number of nursing diagnoses was related to not the number of visits but to the number of nursing diagnoses decreasing. The con-tent of the home health care was categorized ac-cording to assessment, direct care, counseling, education, family care. The recommendation based on the results of this research are Home health care nurses for Cesarean postpartum women and their neonates requires comprehensive knowledge of pregnancy, delivery, and the postpartum period and of the neonate so that they can provide appropriate care and holistic views. Most of cases terminated after the second visit, this outcome may be related to the subjects being discharged on the 5th day after delivery. Therefore, study done with earlier discharge after delivery may have different outcome. It is very hard to assess psychological aspects that need follow-up and to develop communication channels.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.684-696
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• 2004

Using six preservice teachers as subjects, this was purpose to research about concepts in understanding carbon cycle, which of concepts were related to the conception of the system, and finally whether or not the systems thinking was sufficiently around carbon cycle. To achieve this study purpose , an instrument related to carbon cycle was developed and administered to the six teachers. The study found that a total of 42 conceptions within the system were concepts related to carbon cycle. The consisted of 15 conceptions in atmosphere, 11 in atmosphere 9 in hydrosphere, and 7 in lithosphere. In aspect of applying the system thinking, 4 subjects who couldn't compose the feedback loop in their causal map failed to apply this type of thinking. The other two who applied systems thinking had 2 and 1 feedback loop each, in their causal maps. But, one of the feedback loop from the subject who made two was based on unscientific reasoning. As a result, the subjects had lower understanding of concepts related to carbon cycle in lithosphere than in atmosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere. Futhermore, the subjects' application of the earth systems thinking on carbon was at a low standard.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1-23
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• 2009

This study applied satellite radar imagery to identify flooded areas and examined post-flooding conditions using time-series satellite radar imagery for the development of flood damage mitigation strategies. Using time-series satellite radar images, this study constructed a map delineating areas vulnerable to frequent flood damage. The extracted flooded areas were combined with reference land use maps to examine flood damage by land use type. Major landuse types with severe flood damage were agricultural and forested areas. The analysis of the damage conditions, in terms of land use, served as the basis for developing flood damage mitigation policies, in conjunction with land use planning. The policies for flood damage mitigation can be summarized as land use regulations, land use planning, and flood damage mapping. A preventive measure to minimize flood damage of properties, which regulates developing areas with high flooding potential, is highly recommended. Although this study suggested a number of policies for flood damage mitigation, they represent only a small number of possible policies useful for mitigating flood damage and other environmental problems. Based upon the results of this study, it may be concluded that satellite radar imagery has great potential in providing basic data for large-scale environmental problems such as flooding and oil spills. Nevertheless, further examinations should be conducted and the application of satellite radar imagery should be used to examine other environmental problems.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.787-796
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• 2012

This study, as a purpose of viewshed anaiysis is selected for the view route, View of the target yunseondo wonlim (scenic sites No.34) located in the terrain ridge. Using GIS Viewshed analysis carried out and the results reflect the view route was selected. The basic research for this study, the scenic sites such as the natural and cultural resources for the efficient and optimized to create the route view. Viewshed Analysis results could be summarized as follows: Along a scenic sites located inside the main ridge Viewshed analysis was carried out. This overlapping the cumulative results are Leading to Nakseojae(樂書齎) Seyeonjeong(洗然亭) from space in the visible frequency higher natural villages of the district. Selected the view route and were on the road and in the topographic map nesting along Visible high-frequency region. Based on the results of the nested Viewshed major selected six points Viewshed analysis was carried out. Resource for the surrounding landscape. Results determine whether the visibility of the surrounding landscape was identified as the viewable area appears good. Finally Viewshed Analysis results for six points in the final review.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.181-188
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• 2012

Despite the ecological importance of seagrass beds, their distributional information in Korean coastal waters is insufficient. Therefore, we used hydroacoustic system to collect accurate bathymetry and classification of seagrass, and Kompsat-2 (4 m spatial resolution) image for detection of seagrass beds at Deukryang Bay, Korea. The accuracy of Kompsat-2 image classification was evaluated using hydracoustic survey result using error matrix and Kappa value. The total area of seagrass beds from satellite image classification was underestimated compared to the hydroacoustic survey, estimated 3.9 and $4.5km^2$ from satellite image and hydroacoustic data, respectively. Nonetheless, the accuracy of Kompsat-2 image classification over hydroacoustic-based method showing 90% (Kappa=0.85) for the three class maps (seagrass, unvegetated seawater and aquaculture). The agreement between the satellite image classification and the hydroacoustic result was 77.1% (the seagrass presence/absence map). From our result of satellite image classification, Kompsat-2 image is suitable for mapping seagrass beds with high accuracy and non-destructive method. For more accurate information, more researches with a variety of high-resolution satellite image will be preceded.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.669-683
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• 2012

The water supply pipes are buried across wide range of areas, so it is hard to spot them using excavation and takes a large amount of expense. Thus, there is a high risk for direct research and application, accompanying many difficulties in implementation of them. Therefore, it is more economical and convenient to use indirect evaluation variables than direct evaluation of the buried pipes in assessing the degree of pipe deterioration. To assess the degree of pipe deterioration using the indirect evaluation variables, it should be done first to identify how and to what extent they affect the degree of deterioration. This study measured the evaluation variables for pipe deterioration using the pipe endoscope and analyzed the measurement results and the degree of impact on the pipes. In addition, this study attempted to evaluate the adequateness of the pipe deterioration evaluation using the indirect variables based on the analysis results. The evaluation variables measured through the pipe endoscope were the thickness of sediments, size of scale, degree of desquamation and condition of connections. For the indirect evaluation variables, the data such as the property data from GIS pipe network map as well as the material, diameter, age and pipe lining material of the pipe, road type, leakage frequency, average water velocity and water pressure using the leakage repair records was collected. Using the collected data, this study comparatively analyzed the indirect evaluation variables for the degree of pipe deterioration and the results from the pipe endoscope to choose appropriate variables for pipe deterioration evaluation and calculated the weights of the indirect variables on the degree of deterioration. The results showed that the order of the impact of indirect variables on deterioration was pipe age > pipe lining material > road type > leakage frequency > average water velocity with their weights of 0.45, 0.20, 0.15, 0.10, and 0.10, respectively. Conclusively, the results suggest that the measures of sediment thickness, scale size, degree of desquamation and condition of connections are appropriate for the evaluation of pipe deterioration and sufficient for the analysis of the impact of the indirect variables on deterioration.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 2012

While the natural gas supply industry has continuously been growing, its potential hazard has also risen since the natural gas facilities essentially require installations that carry highly flammable and pressurized gas close to the populated areas, posing a serious consequence of significant property damage as well as human casualties in the event of accident. Therefore Quantitative Risk Assessment (QAR) has been recognized as a appropriate method to reduce the risk as far as possible, considering the reality of unachievable zero-risk. However, it is hard to perform effective QRA on hundreds of gas facilities because of insufficient number of expert and long-term analysis. In this paper, we suggest a conceptual QRA system framework to support more efficient risk analysis in gas supply facilities. In this system, the experts make questionnaires and internal calculation formula needed in accident frequency/consequence analysis of the facility through pre-analysis on the point of analysis, called incident point, and general users locate the point on the map and input the value required by the questionnaire to obtain the risk. Ultimately, this is suggested based on the idea that the specialization is available in QRA analysis process and the validity of the system is verified through actual system construction and application.

• Atmosphere
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.565-571
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• 2014

A long-range prediction system of tropical cyclone (TC) activity over the western North Pacific (WNP) has been operated in the National Typhoon Center of the Korea Meteorological Administration since 2012. The model forecasts the spatial distribution of TC tracks averaged over the period June~October. In this study, we separately developed TC prediction models for summer (June~August) and autumn (September~November) period based on the current operating system. To perform the three-month WNP TC activity prediction procedure readily, we modified the shell script calling in environmental variables automatically. The user can apply the model by changing these environmental variables of namelist parameter in consideration of their objective. The validations for the two seasons demonstrate the great performance of predictions showing high pattern correlations between hindcast and observed TC activity. In addition, we developed a post-processing script for deducing TC activity in the Korea emergency zone from final forecasting map and its skill is discussed.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.27 no.1C
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• pp.21-35
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• 2002

Nowadays, in accordance with increasing expectations of multimedia stream service on the internet, a lot of distributed applications are being required and developed. But the models of the existing systems have the problems that cannot support the extensibility and the reusability, when the QoS relating functions are being developed as an integrated modules which are suited on the centralized controlled specific-purpose application services. To cope with these problems, it is suggested in this paper to a distributed QoS management system on CORBA, an object-oriented middleware compliance. This systems we suggested can provides not only for efficient control of resources, various service QoS, and QoS control functions as the existing functions, but also QoS control real-time negotiation and dynamic adaptation in addition. This system consists of QoS Control Management Module(QoS CMM) in client side and QoS Management Module(QoS MM) in server side, respectively. These distributed modules are interfacing with each other via CORBA on different systems for distributed QoS management while serving distributed streaming applications. In phase of design of our system, we use UML(Unified Modeling Language) for designing each component in modules, their method calls and various detailed functions for controlling QoS of stream services. For implementation of our system, we used OrbixWeb 3.1c following CORBA specification on Solaris 2.5/2.7, Java language, Java Media Framework API 2.0 beta2, Mini-SQL 1.0.16 and the multimedia equipments, such as SunVideoPlus/Sun Video capture board and Sun Camera. Finally, we showed a numerical data controlled by real-time negotiation and adaptation procedures based on QoS map information to GUIs on client and server dynamically, while our distributed QoS management system is executing a given streaming service.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.379-387
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• 2006

The real world is spatially modelled conceptually either as discrete objects or earth surface. The generated data models are then usually represented as vector and raster respectively. Although there are limited cases where only one data model is sufficient to solve the spatial problem at hand, it is now generally accepted that GIS should be able to handle various types of data model. Recent advances in spatial technology introduced even more variety of heterogeneous data models and the need is ever growing to handle and manage efficiently these large variety of spatial data. The OGC (Open GIS Consortium), an international organization pursuing standardization in the geospatial industry. recently introduced the GMLJP2 (Geographic Mark-Up Language JP2) format which enables store and handle heterogeneous spatial data. The GMLJP2 format, which is based on the JP2 format which is an abbreviation for JPEG2000 wavelet image compression format, takes advantage of the versatility of the GML capabilities to add extra data on top of the compressed image. This study takes a close look into the GMLJP2 format to analyse and exploit its potential to handle and mange hetergeneous spatial data. Aerial image, digital map and LIDAR data were successfully transformed end archived into a single GMLJP2 file. A simple viewing program was made to view the heterogeneous spatial data from this single file.