• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.237-249
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• 2017

The Self-Organization Feature Map as an unsupervised network is very widely used these days in engineering science. The applied network in this paper is the Self Organization Feature Map with constant weights which includes Kohonen Network. In this research, Reinforced Concrete Shear Wall buildings with different stories and heights are analyzed and a database consisting of measured fundamental periods and characteristics of 78 RC SW buildings is created. The input parameters of these buildings include number of stories, height, length, width, whereas the output parameter is the fundamental period. In addition, using Genetic Algorithm, the structure of the Self-Organization Feature Map algorithm is optimized with respect to the numbers of layers, numbers of nodes in hidden layers, type of transfer function and learning. Evaluation of the SOFM model was performed by comparing the obtained values to the measured values and values calculated by expressions given in building codes. Results show that the Self-Organization Feature Map, which is optimized by using Genetic Algorithm, has a higher capacity, flexibility and accuracy in predicting the fundamental period.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.418-429
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• 2013

본 논문은 혼합형 폴리라인 단순화와 공간 에너지 집중을 이용한 GIS 벡터맵 데이터 압축을 제안한다. 제안한 방법에서는 GIS 벡터맵에서 폴리라인 속성을 가지는 레이어들에 대해, 최소 면적 오차 기반의 혼합형 폴리라인 단순화 및 공간 에너지 집중에 의하여 선택된 레이어 내의 폴리라인 데이터들을 압축한다. 제안한 단순화 및 공간 에너지 집중는 폴리라인의 형상을 유지하면서 데이터 압축 효과를 향상시킨다. 가시적 화질과 압축률을 통한 평가 결과로부터 제안한 방법이 기존 방법보다 우수한 화질과 높은 압축률을 보임을 확인하였다.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.43-53
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• 2006

1995년부터 국가GIS사업의 일환으로 지형공간정보의 효용성이 증대되고 있으며, 수치지형도는 행정, 실생활 그리고 산업전반에 걸쳐 다양한 목적으로 사용되고 있다. 하지만 실세계정보와 수치지형도 간에 차이가 발생되고 이를 갱신하기 위해서 많은 비용과 시간이 소요되기 때문에 도시 시설물 관리에 활용하는데 어려움이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 3차원 정보를 직접 취득할 수 있고 정확도가 높은 LiDAR 자료와 디지털 항공영상을 연계하여 추출된 건물정보의 진위를 판단하고 기존의 수치지형도와 비교하여 건물정보를 추가 및 삭제함으로서 도시지역의 수치지형도 건물레이어를 갱신하는 방안을 제시하였다. 향 후 LiDAR 자료를 이용한 건물레이어생성 및 갱신의 자동화를 위해서 미소 및 수목폴리곤의 제거 및 건물진위판단 등에 대한 자동화기술이 추가적으로 연구되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.465-476
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• 1996

There are several environmental variables that may be influential to the spatial distribution of forest vegetation. To create a map of forest vegetation zone over southern part of Korean Peninsula, digital map layers were produced for each of environmental variables that include topography, geographic locations, and climate. In addition, an extensive set of field survey data was collected at relatively undisturbed forests and they were introduced into the GIS database with exact coordinates of survey sites. Preliminary statistical analysis on the survey data showed that the environmental variables were significantly different among the previously defined five forest vegetation zones. Classification of the six layers of digital map representing environmental variables was carried out by a supervised classifier using the training statistics from field survey data and by a clustering algorithm. Although the maps from two classifiers were somewhat different due to the classification procedure applied, they showed overall patterns of vertical and horizontal distribution of forest zones. considering the spatial contents of many ecological studies, GIS can be used as an important tool to manage and analyze spatial data. This study discusses more about the generation of digital map and the analysis procedure rather than the outcome map of forest vegetation zone.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.313-320
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• 2019

Increasing the concentration of nitrate ions in the soil solution and then leaching it to underground aquifers increases the concentration of nitrate in the water, and can cause many health and ecological problems. This study was conducted to evaluate the vulnerability of Meymeh aquifer to nitrate pollution. In this research, sampling of 10 wells was performed according to standard sampling principles and analyzed in the laboratory by spectrophotometric method, then; the nitrate concentration zonation map was drawn by using intermediate models. In the drastic model, the effective parameters for assessing the vulnerability of groundwater aquifers, including the depth of ground water, pure feeding, aquifer environment, soil type, topography slope, non-saturated area and hydraulic conductivity. Which were prepared in the form of seven layers in the ARC GIS software, and by weighting and ranking and integrating these seven layers, the final map of groundwater vulnerability to contamination was prepared. Drastic index estimated for the region between 75-128. For verification of the model, nitrate concentration data in groundwater of the region were used, which showed a relative correlation between the concentration of nitrate and the prepared version of the model. A combination of two vulnerability map and nitrate concentration zonation was provided a qualitative aquifer classification map. According to this map, most of the study areas are within safe and low risk, and only a small portion of the Meymeh Aquifer, which has a nitrate concentration of more than 50 mg / L in groundwater, is classified in a hazardous area.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.126-133
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• 2017

The conventional hand-crafted features used to track objects have limitations in object representation. Convolutional neural networks, which show good performance results in various areas of computer vision, are emerging as new ways to break through the limitations of feature extraction. CNN extracts the features of the image through layers of multiple layers, and learns the kernel used for feature extraction by itself. In this paper, we use the feature map extracted from the convolution layer of the convolution neural network to create an outline model of the object and use it for tracking. We propose a method to adaptively update the outline model to cope with various environment change factors affecting the tracking performance. The proposed algorithm evaluated the validity test based on the 11 environmental change attributes of the CVPR2013 tracking benchmark and showed excellent results in six attributes.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.193-198
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• 2017

In this study, we propose a three-dimensional (3D) visualization technique of occluded objects using integral imaging with a plenoptic camera. In previous studies, depth map estimation from elemental images was used to remove occlusion. However, the resolution of these depth maps is low. Thus, the occlusion removal accuracy is not efficient. Therefore, we use a plenoptic camera to obtain a high-resolution depth map. Hence, individual depth map for each elemental image can also be generated. Finally, we can regenerate a more accurate depth map for 3D objects with these separate depth maps, allowing us to remove the occlusion layers more efficiently. We perform optical experiments to prove our proposed technique. Moreover, we use MSE and PSNR as a performance metric to evaluate the quality of the reconstructed image. In conclusion, we enhance the visual quality of the reconstructed image after removing the occlusion layers using the plenoptic camera.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2008년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.999-1002
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• 2008

Many schemes to reduce the inter-MAP handoff delay in hierarchical mobile IPv6 have been proposed but the previous schemes waste relatively large network resources to decrease the path rerouting delay. In this paper, we propose the 2-layered MAP concept, where the seamless inter-MAP handoff can be supported regardless of path rerouting time. As a result, the waste of wired resources and the rate of the inter-MAP handoff can be reduced. From the performance analysis and simulation, the inter-MAP handoff rate for non-real-time traffic is only about 1/3 of the conventional result. Such advantageous features of the proposed scheme neither incur any increase of the total handoff rate nor require additional MAPs.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.264-272
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• 1998

This paper proposes a fault detection and recovery mechanism for a fault-tolerant Mini-MAP system, and provides detailed techniques for its implementation. This paper considers the fault-tolerant Mini-MAP system which has dual layer structure from the LLC sublayer down to the physical layer to cope with the faults of those layers. For a good fault detection, a redundant and hierarchical fault supervision architecture is proposed and its implementation technique for a stable detection operation is provided. Information for the fault location is provided from data reported with a fault detection and obtained by an additional network diagnosis. The faults are recovered by the stand-by sparing method applied for a dual network composed of two equivalent networks. A network switch mechanism is proposed to achieve a reliable and stable network function. A fault-tolerant Mini-MAP system is implemented by applying the proposed fault detection and recovery mechanism.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2014

최근 국가적인 차원에서 사회 안전에 대한 관심도가 증가하면서 범죄를 효율적으로 예방할 수 있는 다양한 활동을 수행하고 있다. 기존의 범죄관련 지도는 주로 범죄발생 현황에 대한 정보를 행정구역 단위로 사용자에게 제공하기 때문에 정작 여성 및 밤길을 이용하는 보행자가 안전한 도로를 사전에 파악할 수는 없었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 수치지도 2.0을 이용하여 손쉽게 범죄에 위험한 지역을 추출할 수 있는 기법을 개발하였다. 수치지도 2.0에서 범죄발생에 위험한 지역을 찾기 위해서 도로중심선과 건물 레이어의 위치정보와 속성정보를 사용하였다. 도로중심선 레이어에서는 포장재질, 도로폭의 속성정보와 도로와 도로가 교차하는 교차각 정보를 부가적으로 추출하여 활용하였다. 건물 레이어에서는 건물종류에 대한 속성정보를 사용하였다. 도로중심선과 도로교차점에 포장재질, 도로폭, 도로교차각, 건물종류 등을 고려하였을 경우의 위험점수를 모두 합산하여 설정된 임계값을 벗어나는 지역을 범죄발생이 일어날 수 있는 위험지역으로 추출하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 방법론을 검증하기 위해서 실험을 수행하였다. 실험을 통해서 수치지도 2.0의 도로와 건물 레이어만을 이용하여 공간적인 측면에서 범죄 발생에 지역을 추출할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 범죄 예방의 행정적인 측면에서는 식별된 범죄 발생에 취약한 지역에 대해 가로등, 보안등과 같은 안전시설물을 추가적으로 설치함으로 위험지역의 안전도를 높일 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.