• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.19-30
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• 2024

Purpose: This research article investigates the intricate relationship between economic growth and employment in the Korean agri-food industry. Research design, data and methodology: Drawing on Okun's law, which proposes a negative correlation between economic growth and unemployment, the study explores the applicability of this law to different sectors. By focusing on the agri-food industry, the study examines the impact of economic growth on both full-time and temporary employment. Results: The findings highlight the industry's role as a buffer, absorbing workers from other sectors, particularly manufacturing. Moreover, the study reveals that temporary employment is more sensitive to economic growth fluctuations compared to full-time employment. Conclusions: The research emphasizes the importance of implementing employment programs that support transitioning workers in the agri-food industry, facilitating knowledge and skill transfer to ensure sustained employment. Furthermore, it recommends government and company support for temporary employment during buffering periods to ensure safe job transitions. This study provides valuable evidence to understand the nuanced relationship between economic growth and employment in the Korean agri-food industry.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.221-231
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• 2005

In this study, occupational exposures to man-made mineral fibers (MMMFs) including glass wool, rock wool, and continuous glass filament fibers were determined and evaluated on the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value (TLV). A total of 171 personal samples collected from 4 glass wool fiber, 2 rock wool fibers, 4 continuous filament glass fiber products manufacturing and a glass fiber and rock wool insulations using industries, and determined respirable fibers concentrations using the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Method 7400, "B counting rule. The fiber concentrations of samples from workers installing thermal insulations in a MMMF using industry showed the highest value: geometric mean (GM) = 0.73 f/cc and maximum = 2.9 f/cc, 70% of them were above the TLV, 1 f/cc. Workers' exposure level (GM= 0.032 f/cc) in the rock wool manufacturing industries was significantly higher than those of glass wool (GM=0.012 f/cc) and continuous filament glass fibers (GM=0.010 f/cc) manufacturing industries (p<0.01). No samples were more than the TLV in the MMMF manufacturing industries. There was a significant difference among companies in airborne fiber levels.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.9-19
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• 2012

Objectives: The aim of this study is to critically review the exposure surrogates and estimates used to associate health effects in wafer fabrication workers such as spontaneous abortion and cancer, as well as to identify the limitations of retrospective exposure assessment methods Methods: Epidemiologic and exposure-assessment studies of wafer fabrication operations in the semiconductor industry were collected. Retrospective exposure-assessment methods used in cancer risk and mortality and reproductive toxicity were reviewed. Results: Eight epidemiologic papers and two reports compared cancer risk among workers in wafer fabrication facilities in the semiconductor industry with the risk of the general population. Exposure surrogates used in those cancer studies were fabrication(vs. non-fabrication), employment duration, manufacturing eras, job title (operator vs. maintenance worker) and qualitative classifications of agents without assessing specific agent or job-specific exposure. In contrast, specific operation, job title and agents were used to classify the exposure of fabrication workers, contributing to finding a significant association with spontaneous abortion (SAB). Conclusion: Further epidemiologic studies of fabrication workers using more refined exposure assessment methods are warranted in order to examine the associations between fabrication work, environment, and specific agents with cancer risk or mortality as used in SAB epidemiologic studies.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.119-148
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• 2007

해외 아웃소싱은 선진국에서나 개도국에서나 할 것 없이 최근의 세계화와 더불어 주요한 논쟁거리이며, 또한 이와 관련한 부정적인 효과에 대한 우려의 목소리 또한 크다. 하지만 해외 아웃소싱에 대한 정확한 정의나 측정하는 방법이 크게 발달하지 못했기 때문에 그 변화를 엄밀하게 살펴볼 수 없었다. 특히 1990년대 초반 이후에는 그나마 측정치가 별로 없는 상황이다. 본 논문에서는 최근의 해외 아웃소싱에 대한 측정치를 계산함과 동시에 해외 아웃소싱이 노동시장, 특히 임금의 변화에 미치는 영향을 미국 제조업을 중심으로 살펴보았다. 1987년에서 2003년까지 미국 제조업의 총제조부품(manufactured inputs)중 해외 아웃소싱의 비중은 12.4%에서 22.7%로 10.3% 포인트 증가했다. 해외 아웃소싱이 미국 제조업 노동시장에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 본 연구의 후반부에서는 해외 아웃소싱 수준이 제조업 근로자들의 산업프리미엄에 통계적으로 유의미한 음의 효과를 준다는 것이 밝혀졌다. 추정계수의 크기는 0.9로서 10%의 해외 아웃소싱이 있는 산업의 경우 10%의 산업별 임금프리미엄이 하락하게 된다는 것을 의미한다. 이 크기는 미숙련 노동자들에게는 11%로 나타났다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.83-88
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• 2019

The 7,993 cases of Survey Report of Fatal Industrial Accidents conducted jointly by the MEOL and the KOSHA for the recent seven years(2007-2013) were categorized according to personal and occupational characteristics, industry types, business sizes, job types, activities at the time accident, types of accidents, material agents(assailing materials), unsafe conditions, and unsafe acts. And it is found that among the 72.2 percent of fatal occupational accidents in the construction and manufacturing industries are caused by falling, sticking, bumping and being caught under objects & overturning. For this study, through the empirical analysis on causes of fatal industrial accidents, was used to identity high risk groups based on total data of 7,993 victims of occupational accidents. An annual fatal occupational injury (FOI) rate per 10,000 workers was about 0.47‱. The middle-aged group and the elderly group showed the highest FOI rates per 10,000 workers (0.73‱, 0.80‱), and the daily workers showed the highest FOI rate (1.46‱), and the craft and related trades workers showed the highest FOI rate (2.17‱). In case of industry type the mining industry (7.26‱) showed the highest FOI rate, followed by the sewerage, waste management, materials recovery and remediation activity industry (3.91‱) and the construction industry (2.71‱). The primary high risk target group that requires a strategy designed to reduce fatal occupation injuries caused by falling and bumping & contact(collision) is the construction industry, and the secondary high risk target group in the construction industry is classified as the equipment, machine operating and assembling workers in the construction industry, those aged 50 years old and above need the prevention measures against bumping & contact(collision) and being caught under an object & falling(objects), while those aged less than 50 years old need prevention measures against falling(persons).

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.140-148
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify turnover intentions in workers with mentally disabilities working in manufacturing industry. Methods: Participants were 147 workers with mentally disabled living in B-city and Y-city. The data were collected from September 1st to November 30th, 2011 using self-report questionnaires including measurements of turnover intentions, family support, work volition, working environment, job satisfaction and internalized stigma. Data analysis was done using the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. Results: The average score for turnover intention was $2.9{\pm}0.7$. Turnover intention was related to job satisfaction, working environment, family support and internalized stigma. The predicting factors for turnover intention were job satisfaction, internalized stigma and gender. Those factors accounted for 41.9% of turnover intention. Conclusion: The results imply that workers with mentally disabled need to reduce internalized stigma as well as to increase job satisfaction in order to decrease turnover intention.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.535-546
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• 2024

This research aims to develop a model to objectively and quantitatively measure the skill level of aircraft body assembly workers. Because aircraft body assembly is predominantly a manual process, skills management is a key factor of manufacturing competitiveness. Currently, skills management relies on the subjective judgment of supervisors, which lacks objectivity and reliability. As a remedy, this study proposed a systematic skill management model based on objective and quantitative evaluation criteria. By considering prior research, we developed an evaluation model that takes into account both expertise and versatility of a worker. The model selected five major tasks required for aircraft body assembly and established evaluation criteria considering the difficulty and maturity of each task. We then conducted a pilot evaluation with over 200 workers in four SMEs to validate the practicality and effectiveness of the model. Consequently, we identified and addressed the limitations of the existing evaluation method, subdivided the skill levels based on the performance capabilities of each task, and proposed a career growth path. The developed evaluation model offers critical data for executives and managers to determine work assignments, education, training, performance incentives, and wages. It is expected to enhance the attraction of new talent and systematize skills management in aviation manufacturing in the future.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.100-106
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• 2013

According to the Statistics Korea, in 2011, people over the age of 65 years old accounted for 11.8% of Korea's population. This number is expected to rise to 15.0% by 2019, making Korea an "aged society". As age increases, physical ability degrades to the point that the workload must be adjusted limitations. However, workloads are given regardless of workers' ages or abilities. In addition, a decline in work efficiency due to aging also increases the risk of work-related injuries. Furthermore, the cases of stress related diseases along with musculoskeletal disorders(MSDs) rise as main factors of industrial disasters and excessive job stress gives negative influence not only on mental health but also on physical health so that job stress becomes a hot issue as a main cause of work ability falloff and turnover. The purpose of this research is to examine how the sociodemographic characteristics, MSDs symptoms and musculoskeletal workload of workers in the manufacturing industry of automobile parts influence work ability and job stress. As a result of the research, job ability showed significant differences statistically according to age, working year, sex, marital status and musculoskeletal workload and job stress showed significant differences statistically according to age, working year, marital status and musculoskeletal workload. In addition, it showed that as the worker's job ability decreases, job stress increases.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.275-284
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• 1990

To obtain the useful information for the status of working environment and health management of workers in manufacturing industries, comparision of results on the status of working environmental and health management of workers for 32 manufacturing industries in Chunan area from 1988 to 1989 was carried out. The results were as follows : 1. The rate of over-PEL (Permissible Exposure Limit) to for hazardous factors decreased significantly 23.5% in 1988, 18.3% in 1989 (p<0.05) and, the highest rate of over-PEL was the stone and sand handling industry, the highest rate of over-PEL was the dusty workplace as 38.5% in 1988, 35.2% in 1989. 2. The rate of workers exposed to hazardous factors in 1988 and in 1989 was 22.4% respectively, the rate of workers checked up special health examination was 40.1% in 1988, 75.3% in 1989. In stone and sand handling and medicochemical industries, none of workers exposed to hazardous factors was subjected to special health examination in 1988, but 75% of workers exposed to hazardous factors had checked up in 1989. 3. The 6 industries appointed as part-time factory physician among 17 industries which were supposed to have factory physician according to the Safety and Healthy Act of Korea, 6 out of 24 industries only appointed industrial hygienist, furthermore 4 out of 6 hygienists had another duty in addition to occupational hygiene itself.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제37권
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• pp.277-327
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• 2008

This paper is to provide for an analysis on the trade adjustment assistance program and the Case study affected by international trade and FTA. The paper offers a legal study on analysis about Korea's Trade Adjustment Assistance Law for the Manufacturing Industries, USA's TAA. and Japan's law for Industry revival. In general, USA's TAA measures are defined as assistance actions for business enterprises, farmers and manufacturing industries workers. We exclude farmers and fishermen under Korea's Trade Adjustment Assistance Law for the Manufacturing Industries's business enterprises and workers, but we give them the systemic supports under korea's special assistance law for the farmers and fishermen and so on after FTA. Especially this focuses on the trade adjustment assistance case about both Korea's agriculture-farmer assistance from FTA and USA's TAA from workers in layoffs of trade-impacted communities. Korea has provided TAA to the sphere of agriculture after special legislation in Korea-Chile helping closed orchard, modernizing high quality producing facility for agriculture competition, producing superior fruit saplings, and constructing the distribution center in the producing district. But for US-Korea FTA and rapid increase of import by FTA expansion, we must prepare such indemnity systems for loss as cash benefit and wider aids for closed farm. The USA's TAA program targets manufacturing workers affected by international trade, who may have fewer transferable skills and face greater challenges to reemployment than other dislocated workers. A large majority sought some assistance from their one-stop center. Relatively small numbers chose to enroll in training, but those who did it often used this opportunity to chart a new career path. Finally, we learned the importance of education and discipline from USA cases. The fast and accurate information providing can raise efficiencies. The infrastructure can maximize the effect of TAA. The effective application would help us get over difficulties of TAA at hand.