• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제52권6호
• /
• pp.724-726
• /
• 2008

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.289-297
• /
• 1995

A finite element algorithm for consideration of contact constraints is presented. It is characterized by introducing the geometric constraints, resulting from contact conditions, directly into the algebraic system of equations for the incremental displacements of an incremental iterative solution procedure. The usefulness of the proposed algorithm for efficient solutions of contact problems involving large displacements and large strains is demonstrated in the numerical investigation.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.258-258
• /
• 2022

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.260-260
• /
• 2022

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.17-24
• /
• 2011

Lipid metabolites involved in cellular regulation as signaling mediators. Prostaglandins (PGs), metabolites of lipid are involved to pregnancy at the time of implantation but the functional roles of PGs on embryo development are still controversy and largely unknown. In previous report, the levels of $PGE_2$ and $PGF_{2a}$ at embryos of morula stage and blastocyst stage were explored (Cheon et al., 1998). In this study, the previous suggestion was confirmed and the possible downstream mediator of prostaglandin $E_2$ and prostaglandin $F_{2a}$ on the expansion and hatching of mouse embryo was examined. As expected, developmental rate of the blastocyst to expanded stage was a concentration-response curve that showed the highest expansion rate at 10 ${\mu}M$ $PGE_2$, but at 100 ${\mu}M$ $PGE_2$, the rate was decreased. In contrast to the $PGE_2$, $PGF_{2a}$ stimulated expansion without toxicity at highest concentration. Cotreatment of PGs with indomethacin overcame the inhibitory effects of indomethacin in expansion. Exogenous PGs also improved the development of expanded embryos to the hatching stage. Besides, PGs receptors' transcripts detected at blastocyst. $PGE_2$ was caused of calcium fluctuation in the blastocyst but $PGF_{2a}$ did not. The changes of intracellular calcium concentration were different between indomethacin pretreated embryos and non-treated embryos. Based on these results it is suggested that PGs work as paracrine and/or autocrine factors through calcium and the others which were not identified in this study.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.235-270
• /
• 2010

This paper studies the main treatment methods, Ikgi(益氣) and Seung-yang(升陽) applied frequently by Lee Jema(李濟馬) on the exterior disease of So-eumin(少陰人), one of the four constitutions. The methodology of this paper is to understand the pharmacology of "Dong-uisusebowon(東醫壽世保元)" by examining the formulas applied by Lee Jema. I have examined the organization of formulas in "Dong-uisusebowon(東醫壽世保元)" beforehand to categorize the formulas applicable in this study according to an objective standard. I have analyzed the prescriptions applied to So-eumin exterior disease. As a result, I could see that in the case of Ulgwang(鬱狂) syndrome, Ikgi(益氣) and Seung-yang(升陽) methods were mainly applied, but as the disease progressed, Seung-yang(升陽) was withdrawn while Ikgi(益氣) was stressed. Likewise, in the case of Mang-yang(亡陽), both methods were mainly adopted, but as the patients got worse, the level of Seung-yang(升陽) was maintained and that of Ikgi(益氣) was elevated with the addition of Buja(附子). Through this process, we could verify the overall action of Ikgi(益氣), Seung-yang(升陽) and Buja(附子). Originally, the two methods of Ikgi(益氣) and Seung-yang(升陽) are intimately related, but by analyzing the overall functions of the two methods, we could see that Seung-yang(升陽) and Buja(附子) support the Yang gi of the interior of So-eumin, while Ikgi(益氣) resolves inner stagnation of Yang gi and emits the cold pathogen of the exterior. Also, in the course of treatment, Ikgi(益氣) could only be realized after securing Seung-yang(升陽).

• 사상체질의학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.217-226
• /
• 2009

1. Objective To investigate characteristics of menstrual patterns according to Sasang Constitutional disease, and to utilize for diagnosis and treatment of Sasang Constitutional disease. 2. Method The recruited subjects were 430 women who convinced their Sasang Constitution by taking herbal medicine and improving of chief complaint. The items of data contain age at menarche, age at menopause, menstrual cycle, menstrual duration, cyclic regularity of menstruation, severity of menstrual pain, the worst day of menstrual pain, type of menstrual pain, amount of menstruation. 3. Results 1) Severity of menstrual pain, the worst day of menstrual pain, menstrual pain accompanied with nausea were significant among Sasang Constitutional diseases. 2) In Bae-chu-pyo-byeong disease (背椎表病證), Wi-wan-han disease (胃院寒證), So-eum disease (少陰證) and Tae-eum disease (太陰證), menstrual pain was severer than other diseases. 3) In Hae-yeok disease and So-yang-sang-pung disease (少陽傷風證), the worst day of menstrual pain was a day before menstruation. In Hyung-gyeok-yeol disease (胸膈熱證), Tae-eum disease (太陰證), So-eum disease (少陰證), the frequency of a day after menstruation in the worst day of menstrual pain was higher than other diseases. In Wi-wan-han disease (胃院寒證), Mang-yang disease (亡陽證), the frequency of two day after menstruation in the worst day of menstrual pain was higher than other diseases. 4) In So-yang-sang-pung disease (少陽傷風證), Mang-eum disease (亡陰證), Eum-heo-o-yeol diasese (陰虛午熱證), Ul-gwang disease (鬱狂證), Tae-eum disease (太陰證), So-eum disease (少陰證), the frequency of menstrual pain accompanied with nausea were higher than other diseases. 4. Conclusion Menstrual patterns, especially menstrual pain is different among Sasang Constitutional diseases. Assessing menstrual pain can be used for diagnosing Sasang Constitutional diseases, deciding treatment course, determinating prognosis.

• 화훼연구
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.141-145
• /
• 2009

동절기 산취(Chamecereus silvestrii) '희망'의 주 야 온도를 달리하며 처리한 결과 초장은 주간온도 $20^{\circ}C$와 야간온도 $15^{\circ}C$에서 가장 크게 나타났다. 구경은 주간온도 $25^{\circ}C$에서 구직경과 구고의 생육이 우수하였고, 주간온도 $25^{\circ}C$에서는 모든 야간온도에서 구직경 생육이 양호하였으며 구고는 주간온도 $25^{\circ}C$에서는 $20^{\circ}C$에 비해 야간온도가 $25^{\circ}C$로 높을수록 생육이 좋았다. 주 야간온도 조합의 합산온도가 높을수록 구직경과 구고신장이 증가하는 경향을 나타났다. 색도에서 Hunter 'a' 값은 야간온도가 높을수록 낮아졌으나 'b' 값은 높아져 야간온도가 높으면 탁도가 증가하였다. 또한 구직경과 구고변화의 증가가 다시 시작되는 기점은 정식 후 15일로 나타났다.

• 동남아시아연구
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.1-29
• /
• 2010

In 1835, quickly after the Cambodian king Ang Chan died, Vietnamese emperor Minh Mang started to proceed his ambition to grab the territory of Cambodia. As the first step, he stationed big forces led by Truong Minh Giang in Phnom Phen, and appointed the Ang Chan's second daughter, Mei, as the successor of her father but with the humble title of Chan Lap Quan Chu, or the Prefecture sovereign of Cambodia. This article discusses the ways how the Vietnamese leaders manipulated the status of the Cambodian queen with each step of protection, assimilation, and finally a rupture. The author seeks for Vietnamese own theory of annexation in the process. In doing so, the author claims that Vietnamese tough policy of annexation was closely interwoven with the unequal relationship between the Vietnamese emperors and the Cambodian queen, i. e. men and woman. The first chapter discusses how and why the second daughter was chosen, and what in reality the status of the queen was under the protection of Vietnamese general Truong Minh Giang. Second chapter shows how much Mei was bullied by the Vietnamese. She was kidnapped to Vietnam, and was even regarded by the Cambodian people that she became the 'lover' or the 'concubine' of the general Truong Minh Giang. Third chapter deals with Vietnam's retreat forced by the Cambodian resistance together with the Thai intervention, and discusses how much Vietnam tried to maintain its authority over Cambodia through the queen Mei. Cambodia, in the 19th century, was a experimental place for the 'mission of civilization' from the side of Vietnam. Mei was a main character in this period from the beginning to the end. The conclusion of this article stresses that the desire of Vietnam ('civilized') to assimilate Cambodia ('barbarious') was strengthened by the psychology of the male master (Vietnam) to domesticate the female subject (Cambodia). The relationship between Vietnam and Cambodia was not only political but also gender oriented. In this epic, the existence of the queen Mei should be regarded as an important key to understanding of the Vietnamese theory for the annexation of Cambodia.

• 대한중풍순환신경학회지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.31-40
• /
• 2018

■ Objectives The purpose of this case study is to report the effectiveness of Korean medicine in the treatment of chronic hyperhidrosis. ■ Methods The patient was diagnosed as a Soeumin Mang-yang Syndrome, and treated with Korean medical treatment such as Sungyangikgibuja-tang and acupuncture treatment. The severity of symptom was assessed using Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) and follow-up of Hyperhidrosis Quality of Life Index (HidroQOL) ■ Results After treatment, the severity of hyperhidrosis was decreased from NRS 10 to NRS 2, HidroQOL score was also decreased from 32 to 19. ■ Conclusion Korean medical treatment for hyperhidrosis was effective in decreasing the NRS and HidroQOL score. The results suggest that Korean medical combined treatment including Sungyangikgibuja-tang and acupuncture treatment can be a effective option for treating hyperhidrosis.