• 품질경영학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.265-286
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• 2022

Purpose: The time and cost of a project activity exists in a selected mode and there is a quality level for the selected mode, and the time and cost of the current activity is determined by the quality level of the preceding activity. When an activity is a predecessor activity of an activity, it is characterized as a trade-off problem in which the time and cost of the activity are determined according to the quality level of the activity. Methods: A neighbor search heuristic algorithm obtains a solution by (1) randomly determining the mode, quality level, and assignment order for each activity. (2) get a solution by improving the solution by changing the possible modes and quality levels; (3) to find a solution by improving the solution from the point where it is feasible to advance the start time. Here, Case[1] is a method to find the optimal solution value after repeating (1). Case [2] is a method for finding a solution including (1) and (2). Case [3] refers to a method for finding solutions including (1), (2), and (3). Results: It can be seen that the value of the objective function presented by the algorithm changes depending on how the model of the heuristic algorithm is designed and applied. In other words, it suggests the importance of algorithm design and proves the importance of the quality problem of activities in the project schedule. Conclusion: A study significance of the optimization algorithm and the heuristic algorithm was applied to the effect of the quality of the preceding activity on the duration and cost of itself and the succeeding activity, which was not addressed in the project schedule problem.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.148-156
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 건설현장의 안전관리 관련 선행연구 고찰을 통해, 현행 건설현장의 안전관리체계를 구성하고 있는 기본 구성 요소를 파악하고 이러한 선행연구들이 제시한 주요항목을 건설현장 안전관리활동에 반영하는 것이다. 선행연구의 분석을 통해 1)본사는 안전보건경영체제 중심으로, 건설현장은 근로자를 배려하는 활동 위주의 체계가 중요함 2)성공적으로 안전관리 활동을 추진한 건설현장에 대한 실제 안전관리활동 주요요인들을 건설현장 안전관리활동의 실천방안으로 일반화 시키지 못하는 한계점이 있었다. 이러한 한계점을 해결하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 기존 선행연구에서 주장하고 있는 건설현장의 성공요인 분석과 국내의 27개 안전관리활동 우수사례 현장에 대한사례조사를 통해 건설현장의 안전관리활동 주요요인(위험성 관리방법, 산업안전보건위원회 운영, 안전교육의 실시, 안전점검, 작업장 환경개선, 안전활동)을 도출하였고, 도출된 6가지 주요요인에 대한 실천방안을 제시하였다.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.129-155
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• 2000

This empirical study, activity-based costing, a newly introduced approach that has proved to be an improvement over the conventional costing system in product or service costing, is applied at department of clinical pathology in K university hospital. The study subjects were 233 test procedures done in clinical laboratory of K university hospital. Activity analysis was done by interview, questionnaires, and time study, and the amount of resources consumed by each activity and their costs are then traced and applied to the laboratory tests. The main purpose of this study were to compare the test costs of activity-bases costing with those of conventional costing, and test fees of medical insurance, and to provide accurate cost informations for the decision makers of hospital. The major findings of this study were as belows. 1. The cost drivers for application of activity-based costing at clinical laboratory were cases of sample collection, case of specimen, cases of test, and volume-related allocation bases such as direct labor hours and total revenue of each test. 2. The profits of each clinical laboratory fields analyzed by conventional costing were different from the profits analyzed by activity-based costing, especially in the field of Urinalysis(approximately over estimated 750%). 3. The standard full costs by conventional costing were quite different from the costs computed by using activity-based costing, and the difference is most significant with the tests of long labor time. 4. From the comparison between costs computed by using activity-based costing and medical insurance fees, some test fees were significantly lower than the costs, especially in the non-automated fields. As described in this study, activity-based costing provides more accurate cost information than does conventional costing system. The former approach is especially important in the health care industry including hospitals in which planning and controlling the costs services provided are the key to maintaining a healthy financial status for the organization. Despite the contribution of activity-based costing the economic as well as technical feasibilities of implementing such a cost accounting system in an organization must be evaluated. In the development of activity-based costing systems, an activity analysis has to be conducted to identify activities that consume resources. This involves a detailed study of the organization's logistics and accounting information systems, and it is an expensive project in itself. Besides, it can be quite difficult and time consuming to identify and trace resource consumption to a specific activity. Thus the activity-based costing system should be implemented only when the decrease in cost of error far exceeds the increase in cost of measurement. By combining activity-based costing with standard costing, health care administrators can better plan and control the costs of health services provided while ensuring that the organization's bottom line is healthy.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.5-11
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• 1984

The main purpose of this study were; to determine the reliability and validity of evaluation tool administered to the nursing student in nursing management practice,；to identify the effective evaluation method of nursing student in nursing management practice. The subjects were 46 senior nursing students at Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, Seoul National University in 1983. The evaluation tool was analyzed according to evaluation method; self-evaluation. and head nurse evaluation. Also individual item of evaluation tool was analyzed by item analysis in order to determine the evaluation area, and appropriateness of the test item used. A Summary of the results is as follows; 1. The reliability and validity of evaluation tool were relatively high both in self-evaluation and head nurse evaluation. 2. In comparison of mean scores, there is no significant difference between head nurse evaluation and self-evaluation. 3. The nursing management activities which have the correlation of self-evaluation and head nurse evaluation were in the activity of interpersonal relation, independent activity and implementing nursing process. In general nursing practice and unit management activity, there was no correlation of self-evaluation and head nurse evaluation.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.2280-2286
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• 2007

정보시스템은 다양한 구성요소들을 포함하고 있으며, 이들 구성요소들은 몇 개의 유형으로 구분될 수 있다. 보안수준관리활동을 준비 할 때, 관리활동의 대상을 정의하는 것이 가장 중요하며, 이들 대상을 정의한 이후 보안수준 관리활동이 시작될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 정보시스템을 몇 개의 부분으로 나눔으로써 관리대상을 정의하고, 이들 대상은 운영 환경과 특성에 따라 다양하게 관리될 수 있음을 보여준다.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.48-59
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• 2020

Purposes: The purposes of this study is analysis of business performance in national university hospitals in Korea. Methodology: Data from 2010 to 2019 were collected from balance sheet, income statement, and annual reports in 11 national university hospitals. The dependant variables are business performance which are operating margin to total assets, operating margin to gross revenue, and net income to gross revenue. The independent variables are the number of bed, hospital location, opening, liquidity, stability, and activity. Findings: In recent years, activity has been shown to have a lot of influence on management performance. National university hospitals increase profitability by using resources as efficiently as possible. The short-term debt and fixed assets have been increased rapidly in recent years. It was found that management performance has been increased through active investment using financial leverage. Practical Implications: Based on these results, this study will be the basic data for efficient management of national university hospitals.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.867-888
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• 2017

Purpose: This study suggests a SCQM model for the national Defense field based on earlier studies on the Quality Management of supply chain and to identify critical activities factors of supply chain that makes effect on the business results. Also, this study analyzed moderating effects of performance sharing between businesses which is becoming the big issues with regard to the supply chain cooperation. Methods: A causality of qm activities factor of SCQM model affecting benefit sharing and business performance was analyzed by using structural equation model. A company used in analysis performed a survey by targeting 297 Defense SMEs(weapon-system/non-weapon system). Results: As a result of analyzing the influence relationship between key activity of SCQM on finance performance, it was identified that Management Infra(MI), Process Management(PM), Human Resource Management(HRM), Performance Sharing activity(PS) made significant effect on Financial Performance, and Human Resource Management(HRM) and Performance Sharing(PS) activity made effect on non-financial Performance. Conclusion: The four variables(MI, PM, HRM, PS) of Defense SCQM were significantly effecting Financial performance and two variables(HRM, PS) were significant effected non-Financial performance. We also proved the moderating effect of performance sharing.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.154-166
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to design and implementation of database for school health activity. This database system was designed stand-alone application for college school health center without a hospital affiliation and the database system was made of relational database management system, Microsoft access 2000 to be made GUI (Graphic user interface) type design and made up 7 tables: patients. symptoms. departments, income and outgo. medical cures. and medicine. The construction of this database system was patient management. code management. medicine management. and statistics management. The results of the database system were as follows; 1) This database system could be used for college school health center. 2) This database system could be made correct statistic data. 3) This database system could be managed income and outgo. 4) This database system could be changed for the better activity of community health service. 5) This database system could be simply attired administrative system. This database system will be used for students and employees to protect and promote health to measure for health level and quality of health service. In conclusion. this database system can be applied for unit health center to manage the college school health activity and advanced data management can be applied for health profession to do quality improvement. cost containment. management information system. and decision support system.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 5th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.359-366
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• 2013

Although many research efforts have been conducted to address the effect of crew members' work skills (e.g., technical and planning skills) on work performance (e.g., work duration and quality) in construction projects, the relationship between skill and performance has generated a great deal of controversy in the field of management (Inkpen and Crossan 1995). This controversy can lead to under- or over-estimations of the overall project schedule, and can make it difficult for project managers to implement appropriate managerial policies for enhancing project performance. To address this issue, the following aspects need to be considered: (a) work performances are determined not only by individual-level work skill but also by the group-level work skill affected by work team members, each member's role, and any working behavior pattern; (b) work planning has significant effects on to what extent work skill enhances performance; and (c) different types of activities in construction require different types of work, skill, and team composition. This research, therefore, develops a system dynamics (SD) model to analyze the effects of both individual-and group-level (i.e., multi-level) skill on performances by utilizing the advantages of SD in capturing a feedback process and state changes, especially in human factors (e.g., attitude, ability, and behavior). The model incorporates: (a) a multi-level skill evolution and relevant behavior development mechanism within a work group; (b) the interaction among work planning, a crew's skill-learning, skill manifestation, and performances; and (c) the different work characteristics of each activity. This model can be utilized to implement appropriate work planning (e.g., work scope and work schedule) and crew management policies (e.g., work team composition and decision of each worker's role) with an awareness of crew's skill and work performance. Understanding the different characteristics of each activity can also support project managers in applying strategic work planning and crew management for a corresponding activity, which may enhance each activity's performance, as well as the overall project performance.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.109-121
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• 2018

Objectives : This study aimed to identify the factors influencing insufficient physical activity in community-dwelling elderly individuals with dementia. Methods : Data were analyzed using a 2014 Survey of Living Conditions of Elderly Individuals. Metabolic Equivalent Task (MET) hours were calculated using self-reported weekly frequency, duration, and types of physical activities to measure the degree of physical activity. Results : Mean MET hours were $4.03{\pm}8.59$. Factors influencing insufficient physical activity included limitations in activities of daily living (ADL), lower frequency of social group participation and unsatisfactory relationships with friends or community. When demographic factors were adjusted, patients with ADL limitation had 11.2 times higher risks of insufficient physical activities than those without. Conclusions : Community-dwelling elderly with dementia performed low levels of physical activity. Further research is needed to develop strategies to encourage physical activity participation in this population.