• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.241-244
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• 2000

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.731-735
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• 2002

Electro-optical (EO) performances for the twisted-nematic (TN)-liquid crystal display (LCD) photoaligned with linearly polarized UV exposure on the poly［4- (fluorocinnamate) phenylmaleimide](PFCPMI) surfaces using a new photodimerization method were investigated. For a new UVLPH (UV linearly polarized during heating) photodimerization method, the photopolymer layers were exposed by linearly polarized UV dichroic polarizer without a specific UV filter during heating at $150^{\circ}C$. The Voltage-transmittance (V-T) curve without backflow bounce in the photoaligned TN-LCD with UV exposure on the PFCPMI surface for 10 min using the UVLPH photodimerization method was observed. For response time measurement, the transmittance characteristics of the photoaligned TN-LCD using the UVLPH photodimerization method on the photopolymer surface was better than that of the photoaligned TN-LCD using the UVLP photodimerization method under a room temperature.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2002

In order to obtain thermal-stable, low birefringent, and low optical loss waveguiding materials, we synthesized several fluorinated poly (maleimide-co-glycidylmethacrylate)s using a pentafluorophenylmaleimide (PEM) and two kinds of methacrylate derivatives as comonomers and glycidylmethacrylate as a crosslinker. One comonomer is a linear fluorinated methacrylate (HFBM) and another is a bulky norbornane-derived methacrylate (NMMA). These copolymers could be self-crosslinked by heating due to epoxy groups of glycidylmethacrylates. As a maleimide contents increased to 50 mol%, these copolymers showed high decomposition temperatures of above 300$^{\circ}C$. The refractive index could be precisely controlled by the variation of PFM/HFBA or PFM/NMMA feed ratio in the range of 1.410∼1.508 at 643 nm. The copolymers had very low birefringence in the range of 1∼5${\times}$10$\^$-4/.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제24권12호
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• pp.1809-1813
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• 2003

Monomeric antioxidant 1 was prepared by the reaction of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol with N-[4-(chlorocarbonyl)phenyl]maleimide in the presence of imidazole. Monomeric antioxidant 2, bearing carbamate group, was synthesized from the reaction of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol and azidomaleimide. Antioxidant 3 was prepared by the reaction of N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)maleimide and 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic chloride in the presence of triethylamine. These reactive antioxidants were grafted onto polypropylene (PP) by melt-processing with free radical initiators in a mini-max moulder. From the infrared spectra of the grafted PP, it was found that the monomeric antioxidants were grafted onto PP. IR spectroscopic methods were used for the quantitative determination of the extent of grafting of monomeric antioxidant. To optimize the reaction conditions, the influences of the concentration of DCP, monomeric antioxidant, reaction time and temperature on the extent of grafting were studied.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.117-120
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• 2001

A new photoalignment material PFCPMI, poly [4-(fluorocinnamate) phenylmaleimide], was synthesized and the nematic liquid crystal (NLC) aligning capabilities on the photopolymer surface. The NLC pretilt angle generated by non-UV filter method on the PFCPMI surface was higher than that of the UV filter method. A good LC alignment by non-UV filter method was observed at 150\`c of annealing temperature. However, the alignment defect of the NLC by UV filter method was measured above 150$^{\circ}C$ of annealing temperature. Consequently, the high pretilt angle and the good LC alignment in NLC using non-UV filter method can be achieved.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.37-40
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• 2018

Farinomalein is a maleimide-bearing compound well known for its anti-fungal activity. In the present study, synthesis of farinomalein is achieved via Stobbe condensation followed by Haval-Argade contrathermodynamic rearrangement. Kinetically driven Stobbe condensation followed by condensation with beta-alanine reveals formation of two isomers of farinomalein. This article describes application of LC-MS/MS in structure elucidation of farinomalein 1 and its isomers 2 and 3 encountered in its synthesis. The proposed distinct fragmentation pathway is supported by rational organic reaction mechanism. These fragmentation pathways are significant for analytical method development of farinomalein in near future. The structures of farinomalein 1 and its isomers 2 and 3 have been assigned undisputedly.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.443-449
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• 1995

N-(Isopropyloxycarbonyloxy)maleimide (iPOCMI) has been synthesized and polymerized to give both the homopolymer and copolymers with substituted styrenes. These polymers were readily deprotected by thermolysis of the isopropyloxycarbonyl (iPOC) groups to provide the corresponding N-hydroxymaleimide (HOMI) polymers. The homopolymer and styrenic copolymers of iPOCMI were radically obtained in higher conversion and higher molecular weight than those obtained by direct polymerizations of N-hydroxymaleimide. The homopolymer of iPOCMI was transformed into poly(N-hydroxymaleimide)P(HOMI) by thermolysis of iPOC groups at 205 $^{\circ}C$ with concurrent release of propene and carbon dioxide. The copolymer of iPOCMI and styrene was thermally deprotected to the copolymer of HOMI and styrene at 235 $^{\circ}C.$ The mass loss was 28% and the Tg of the resulting copolymer was 250 $^{\circ}C.$ The thermal deprotection readily provided the desired, polar HOMI polymers which have Tgs above 240 $^{\circ}C.$ The deprotection was accompanied by large changes in aqueous base solubility.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.181-184
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• 2005

헤테로고리형 PPO 저해제 화합물들은 강한 제초활성을 갖고 있으면서도 동물과 인간, 환경에 대한 뛰어난 안전성 때문에 최근에 매우 활발하게 연구되고 있는 화합물이다. 우리는 이러한 여러 가지 헤테로고리형 PPO 저해제 화합물 중에서 4,5,6,7-tetrahyoindazole, maleimide 및 tetrahydrophthalimide type 화합물의 페닐 치환기의 5- 위치에 서로 다른 epoxy group이 치환된 6종의 유도체들을 합성하였고, 이들의 제초활성을 논조건에서 시험하였다. 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindazole 화합물들은 매우 강한 제초활성을 나타냈는데 피와 물달개비, 너도방동사니 등에 대하여 16 g/ha 이하의 낮은 농도에서도 제초효과가 좋았으며, 벼에 대한 안전성은 뛰어난 결과를 나타냈다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.271-278
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• 1994

Maleic anhydride와 4-chloroaniline에 의한 amination 반응(反應)을 통하여 CPMA를 회수(回收)하고, 다시 acetic anhydride 및 sodium acetate에 의한 CPMA의 dehydration 반응(反應)을 거쳐 CPMI를 합성(合成)하였다. 생성물(生成物)의 녹는점(CPMA $200-202^{\circ}C$, CPMI $116-118^{\circ}C$) 비교(比較)와 NMR 분석(分析)을 통하여 화합물의 순도(純度)(95% 이상)를 결정(決定)하였다. 생육(生育) 초기단계(初期段階)의 수수에서 metolachlor에 의한 생육억제(生育抑制)는 근부(根部)에 비하여 지상부(地上部)에서 더욱 크게 나타났으며, 이러한 지상부(地上部)의 생육저해(生育沮害)는 종자(種子)에 CPMI를 피복처리(被覆處理)한 경우에 뚜렷한 감소(減少)를 보였다. CPMI를 수수 종자(種子) 1kg당 1.2g의 수준(水準)으로 종자(種子)에 피복처리(被覆處理)한 경우에 가장 높은 약해경감(藥害輕減) 활성(活性)을 나타내었으며, 지상부(地上部)의 50% 생육억제(生育抑制)를 나타내는 metolachlor의 농도(濃度)($GR_{50}$치(値))로 표시한 약해경감지수(藥害輕減指數)는 무처리종자(無處理種子)($15\;{\mu}M$)에 비하여 피복처리(被覆處理) 종자(種子) ($53\;{\mu}M$) 에서 약 3배 정도 증대(增大)되었다. CPMI의 처리(處理) 여부에 관계없이 [$^{14}C$]metolachlor의 흡수(吸收)에는 차이(差異)가 인정(認定)되지 않았다. CPMI를 피복처리(被覆處理)한 수수에서 metolachlor의 부활성화(不活性化)가 촉진되어 수수내의 흡수(吸收)된 metolachlor의 대부분이 빠른 시간내에 glutathione과의 결합(結合)을 통하여 대사(代謝) 또는 해독(解毒)되었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.531-533
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• 1994