• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.346-355
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• 2019

This study aimed to determine the factors of the make-up artist experience and establish their effects on brand loyalty through the mediation of trust and brand satisfaction. The step of first surveyed the make-up artist experience level through precedent research and made concept frame of study. The step of second checked up the effects of make-up artist experience through the desires for change. The step of third established to the effects of brand loyalty through make-up artist experience brand through mediation of make-up artist trust and brand satisfaction. The survey was carried out on 440 women aged 20 to 40 who experienced make-up services in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, Sejong and Daejeon. The data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0, and AMOS 18.0 using frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, structural model analysis and t-tests. 1)Make-up artist experiences were divided into informational/ relational experiences and emotional experiences. 2)Desires for change influenced positive effects about information/relational experience and emotional experience. 3)The information/relation experiences influenced positive effects about artist trust and brand satisfaction. 4)The emotional experiences influenced positive effects about make-up artist trust and brand satisfaction. 5) The make-up artist trust influenced positive effects about brand satisfaction. Trust in the make-up artist did not directly influence brand loyalty, but influenced it through satisfaction. 6)The brand satisfaction influenced positive effects about brand loyalty. This study identified the roles of make-up artist and the importance of the make-up experience.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 2006

The purpose of this study examines difference of cunsumer satisfaction by expected selection attribute of wedding dress and bride make-up. It is looking into influencing variables in consumer satisfaction, and is supplying real information to wedding market. The subjects of this study were 241 women getting married within one year of Daegu. The data were analyzed by using frequency, mean, the standard deviation, ANOVA, duncan test, correlation analysis, cross-analysis. Conclusion obtained from the results and discussions of the research are as follows: 1) In the attribution of expected selection according to occupation, blue-collar women are concerned about cost factor but they are low content with the perceptual satisfaction factor. 2) When selecting places for wedding dresses and wedding make-up, in the attribute of expected selection about the number of visiting the shop for wedding dresses and make-up, people who visit over 7 dress shops are highly interested in the appearance fancy degree, advertisements effect factors. But they are concerned with advertisements effect factor, cost factor in the perceptual satisfaction factor about wedding dress. Besides, the more they get chances to visit many dress shops, they are concerned with advertisements, cost factors, and satisfied with both the effect of advertisements and appearance factor degree in the attribution of expected selection about wedding make-up. 3) In the attribution of expected selection about the cost of wedding dresses and make-up, the lower the cost paid, people are interested in price factor. Furthermore, in the attribution of expected selection about the wedding dress and make-up cost, those who spent over 150 million Won are interested in quality, others influence factor, and the case of less than 120~150 million Won, people are highly interested in the appearance fancy degree, advertisements effect factor, and the women are satisfied with the advertisement effect factor in the perceptual satisfaction factor of wedding make-up.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.892-903
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in make-up behavior according to clothing involvement, age, and face satisfaction. Subjects of is study were the females in Seoul and Kyonggi, who were 20s and 40 $.$ 50s. Questionnaire was used as major method of gathering data. The data were collected from Sep. to Oct. in 2003 and analyzed by using SPSS 10.0 with various techniques such as the factor analysis, mean, percentage, cluster analysis, ANOVA, Duncan test, 1-test, Cronbach＇s $\alpha$, and $\chi$$^2$-test. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The consumers were classified into four categories by clothing involvement; high clothing involvement group, low fashion involvement group, middle clothing involvement group, low clothing involvement group. 2. The differences in make-up behavior according to the clothing involvement showed that make-up behavior was getting more aggressive as clothing involvement was getting higher. And generally Korean females thought the make-up was important. 3. The differences in make-up behavior according to the age revealed that 20s＇ make-up behavior was fashion oriented more than 40ㆍ50s, and 40ㆍ50s＇ make-up behavior was that they were taking a serious viewer than 20s＇ in interpersonal relationship oriented make-up behavior. 4. The result of differences in make-up behavior according to the face satisfaction was that no noticeable difference was found depending on the face satisfaction. This study revealed that the differences in make-up behavior according to clothing involvement and age were found and suggested that the cosmetic market segmentation could depend on clothing involvement market and two age group market such as younger and elder than 40ㆍ50s.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.1749-1755
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• 2011

This study aimed to identify the effect of make-up education on the life satisfaction of elderly women based on a make-up education session for eight weeks from May 28 to July 16, 2010 provided to elderly women aged 60 or above who visited P Seniors' Welfare Center in D city. 80 samples were divided into the experimental group of 40 people and the control group of 40 people based on age and interest in make-up. Their life satisfaction level was identified before the survey. The experimental group received an eight-week make-up education session. In order to verify effects of the make-up education, follow-up tests were conducted toward the experimental and control groups both to compare life satisfaction levels. The make-up education was divided into elegant and natural make-up, make-up to look ten years younger, face-changing make-up, seasonal (spring, summer, autumn, and winter) make-up, make-up for Korean traditional costumes, and party make-up. In each class, students practiced make-up on their face while taking a lecture on theories. After the education, the students found the education satisfactory overall. Based on the results, the life satisfaction of the experimental group who received the make-up education significantly increased (p<0.05), confirming that make-up education affects the life at old age.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.633-640
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• 2005

The main objective of this research is how they recognize the face appearance before and after the make-up, based upon the survey on the female college students of their 20s (221 College students in Daegu metropolitan City), who are very conscious about their appearance. In addition, it is to provide the fundamental findings, which are necessary to establish the appearance management of self-concept through the make-up. The results are as follows: About 78% of subjects are performing the make-up on daily basis or needs basis, and 91.6% of the subjects wanted to have more elegant and improved make-up. Comparing the self-satisfaction level before and after the make-up, the satisfaction level on their appearance has been very much improved to 77.2% after the make-up, while the level was 28.8% before the make-up. It has been found out that the purpose of the make-up is more appreciated in pursuing the self-concept, rather than pursuing the beauty. Also we revealed that they could achieve a certain level of psychological stability by improving each individual's social image. We also found out that the stylish and modern style of image contributed more to the satisfaction level of make-up, compared with the image of neatness, individuality, delicacy, or youthfulness.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.107-114
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• 2015

This study aimed to identify the impact of make-up education program on the level of satisfaction with make-up and the self-esteem of 80 elderly women. This education was provided during 8 weeks from May 28 to 16 July 2010 to women over 60 who were visiting P seniors welfare center, in D city. Some people fell out of the research, so finally the experimental group was 34 and the control group 36. During this research seven methods of make-up, including that of light make up were taught to the experimental group. Comparing the satisfaction and self-esteem levels before and after education. The result was that through the education the levels of their satisfaction with make-up and of their self-esteem were shown to have increased (p<0.05), significantly. We hope that through this research old people's healthy living and their social confidence can better converge.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.85-97
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• 2018

For a further understanding of the Chinese consumer, this study investigated 1) the effects of aesthetic consciousness on make-up attitude, and 2) the differences in the effect of aesthetics consciousness on make-up attitude among age groups. An online survey was conducted on female consumers belonging to the post-80s and 90s generations, living in Xian China. SPSS 24.0 and Amos 18.0 was used for data analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis for the research variables were performed and three factors of aesthetic consciousness (social relations consideration, internal consideration, and external consideration), and four factors of make-up attitude (psychological pleasure, self-satisfaction, consciousness of others, and tool of transformation) were identified. The results from the model test were : 1) aesthetics consciousness was found to vary depending on make-up attitude. Social relations consideration had a positive effects on psychological pleasure, self-satisfaction, and tool of transformation. Internal consideration had a positive effect on self-satisfaction and tool of transformation, and a negative effect on psychological pleasure. External consideration had positive effects on all four factors of make-up attitude. 2) In the post-80s participants, social relations consideration and external consideration had positive effects on all four factors of make-up attitude. Internal consideration s had a negative effect on consciousness of others and a positive effect on tool of transformation. In the post-90s participants, social relations consideration had positive effects on psychological pleasure, self-satisfaction, and tool of transformation. Internal consideration had positive effects on psychological pleasure and self-satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.332-343
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• 2004

This is a study on expression and the extent of using make-up according to the lifestyle of woman. The purpose of this study is to induce factors which decide the lifestyle of woman, group them, understand groups＇ demographic characteristic and study on make-up expression and the extent of using make-up according to the lifestyle of groups. This survey is conducted to 611 women and analyzed with SPSS package. The result of a study is as follows： 1. We classified them into 5 factors such as factors of make-up preference, arance-oriented, economy and information-oriented, daily make-up, and interest in make-up with the method of AIO analysis. Then I researched groups on the basis of the mean of those factors. As a result, it is classified as a make-up oriented group, a consciously daily make-up group, a unconcern of make-up group, and a reasonable make-up pursuit group. 2. The demographic characteristic according to the classified lifestyles showed the difference as a result of variance analysis of age, marital status, job, education, and monthly pay. 3. A result of variance analysis on the extent of satisfaction with their faces according to the lifestyle showed the difference of facial satisfaction with complexion, skin, eyes, nose and so on. 4. We analyzed a reason of make-up, a extent of make-up, image to express, the most concerning part for make-up, and the type of cosmetics which people use most in order to know the difference of make-up expression and the extent of using make-up. As a result, its variance showed the difference among groups.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.677-691
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of make-up attitude and body-related value on clothing behavior. The subjects were 315 female college students in Gyeongsang provinces. The obtained data were analyzed by reliability analysis, factor analysis, cluster analysis, one-way ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis and t-test. The major results of this study were as follows: First, four factors of make-up attitude were identified: pursuit of confidence, sociality, self-satisfaction, and positive image. Second, the subjects were categorized into three different types of groups according to make-up attitude and body-related value, respectively: high involvement type, low involvement type, and middle involvement type. Third, there was significant difference among three groups which were segmented by each make-up attitude and body-related value on clothing behaviors (sexual attractiveness, showing off, body-enhancement). Fourth, a significant positive correlation was found among four factors of make-up attitude and body operatability with clothing behaviors. Fifth, the important variables that affected the clothing behaviors were pursuit of confidence, self-satisfaction, and positive image of make-up attitude. Sixth, body-inclination significantly influenced sexual attractiveness of clothing behavior, whereas body-related value, unlike make-up attitude, only had marginal influence.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.22-36
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of expected values for appearance management on interest in make-up and cosmetics evaluation criteria. Questionnaires are being administered to 244 college students from the Deagu Metropolitan City and Kyungbook province. The frequency, factor analysis, reliability analysis, regression analysis, and t-test are used for data analysis. Expected values of appearance management are categorized into pleasure/satisfaction, other-expectancy, power value and conformity. Interest in make-up factors are found to be leadership in make-up, others-oriented, and appearance satisfactions. Cosmetics evaluation criteria are categorized into 4 factors such as skin suitability, pursuit of utility, non-essential attributes and symbolism. Pleasure/satisfaction, and conformity are the sub-variables of expected values for appearance management and have significant effects on leadership in make-up and others-oriented sub-variables for interest in make-up. Pleasure/satisfaction, and conformity, being the sub-variables of expected values for appearance management, have significant effects on skin suitability, the sub-variables of cosmetics evaluation criteria. And conformity has significant effects on symbolism, the sub-variables of cosmetics evaluation criteria. This indicates that women show high conformity for expected values of appearance management, leadership in make-up and others-oriented sub-variables for interest in make-up, and skin suitability of cosmetics evaluation criteria.