• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.81-94
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• 2003

The British railway safety research group has developed a risk assessment model for the railway infrastructure and major railway accidents. The major hazardous factors of the railway infrastructure were identified and classified in the model. The frequency rates of critical top events were predicted by the fault tree analysis method using failure data of the railway system components and ratings of railway maintenance experts, The consequences of critical top events were predicted by the event tree analysis method. They classified the Joss of accident due to railway system into personal. commercial and environmental damages. They also classified 110 hazardous event due to railway system into three categories. train accident. movement accident and non-movement accident. The risk assessment model of the British railway system has been designed to take full account of both the high frequency low consequence type events (events occurring routinely for which there is significant quantity of recorded data) and the low frequency high consequence events (events occurring rarely for which there is little recorded data). The results for each hazardous event were presented in terms of the frequency of occurrence (number of events/year) and the risk (number of equivalent fatalities per year).

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.15-21
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• 2022

This study examined the certification effects of safety and health management system (SHMS) on the establishment level of SHMS and accident statistics in construction industry. This study obtained the establishment level of SHMS for 106 construction companies surveyed from our previous study. In addition, three major accident statistics (mortality rate, accidental mortality rate, and injury rate) for the companies were collected from the database in Korean Occupational Safety and Health Agency. The statistical analysis results revealed that the establishment level for SHMS certified companies was significantly higher than those for uncertified or certification preparing companies. Furthermore, SHMS certified companies showed significantly smaller accident statistics compared to uncertified or certification preparing companies. The results of this study support the positive effects of SHMS on reducing major industrial accidents in construction companies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.15-22
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• 2023

LPG-related accidents, which account for half of all gas accidents in Korea, have not shown any sign of decrease over the past decade, partially owing to the lack of effective safety improvement measures. The purpose of this study was to identify the effectiveness of improvement measures by analyzing the traits of accidents in terms of human factors, and to seek more effective accident prevention strategies. In this study, 108 accident cases were collected and analyzed in the aspect of accident characteristics such as violation type, human factors, and so on. The results showed that the work procedures of suppliers and engineers related to LPG accidents seemed to be similar in outward appearance; however, specific accident causes and unsafe behaviors were different. Particularly, type and target of violations were different, which could be visually confirmed by the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and the Quantification Techniques (QT). Furthermore, for engineers, insufficient supervision was a major influencing factor. In conclusion, because the accident characteristics of suppliers and engineers are different, differentiated accident prevention strategies should be implemented, which was discussed in this study.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.22-26
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• 2014

Fatality of accidents on curved roads where rollover accidents are likely to take place was higher than that on straight roads. We ought to investigate factors affecting injury severity of occupant in a vehicle rollover accident. From January 2011 to December 2013, we collected data about rollover motor vehicle crash accident. We surveyed occupant's injury, vehicle type, safety devices, type of rollover accident and the number of turn in accident. Of the 132 subjects, 56.1% were males, 50.8% were drivers, 48.5% fastened seat belt, and air bag deployed in 12.1%. Among injuries sustained head, chest and abdomen were major sites of severe injury(Abbreviated injury scale>2). Seat belt use, rollover type, and the number of 1/4 turn were found to have significant positive correlations with Injury Severity Score. The regression analysis herein found significance in safety belt use and the number of 1/4 turn. Seat belt use was a significant factor affecting injury severe of occupant in rollover accident.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.21-27
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• 2017

Even if several chemical accident prevention systems such as PSM(Process Safety Management), RMP(Risk Management Plan), etc. have been carried out, many chemical accidents have still occurred at industrial plants in Korea. We describe the status of chemical industry and the trend of occurrence of chemical accidents in Korea. And this paper analyzes the recent chemical accidents in eight ways. These ways include chemical accident forms, ignition sources, sources of chemical equipment, human vs equipment/material causes, worker's working situation, employee scale, hazardous substances, week & time, fatalities of manufacture & contractor's workers. Finally we proposes the four representative prevention measures brought to result of cause analysis by accident statistics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.131-140
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• 2003

An accident involving a boiler can result in a disaster since it handles high-pressurized steam so that it may cause an explosion. Therefore, the boiler is very susceptible to industrial accidents. This thesis aimed to develop counter-plans to prevent industrial accidents involved the boiler. At first after collecting accident cases involving boilers, a survey on the trait of them was carried out. Ant on the other hand a qualitative analysis was conducted to draw out hazardous components in the boiler itself and their inherent relative importance was assessed. Through this procedure, 'negligence of unsafe condition' was noted as the major cause for unsafe acts whereas 'fault in work procedure' for unsafe condition. In the meanwhile, results of a hazard analysis using FMEA technique ranked gas safety devices, a switch preventing gas from under-pressurization, protect relays high. In particular, it was pointed out that the water feeding and steam subsystem has more components in hazard than other subsystems. Considering these analyses results, counter-plans to improve safety management was suggested also.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.50 no.8
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• pp.1210-1216
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• 2018

Site or multi-unit (MU) risk assessment has been a major issue in the field of nuclear safety study since the Fukushima accident in 2011. There have been few methods or experiences for MU risk assessment because the Fukushima accident was the first real MU accident and before the accident, there was little expectation of the possibility that an MU accident will occur. In addition to the lack of experience of MU risk assessment, since an MU nuclear power plant site is usually very complex to analyze as a whole, it was considered that a systematic method such as probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) is difficult to apply to MU risk assessment. This paper proposes a new MU risk assessment methodology by using the conventional PSA methodology which is widely used in nuclear power plant risk assessment. The logical failure structure of a site with multiple units is suggested from the definition of site risk, and a decomposition method is applied to identify specific MU failure scenarios.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.171-177
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• 2008

As the risk of traffic accidents caused by mists emerged as a social problem, recently safety facilities to be prepared for mists are being actively installed when designing roads. But in some part, the facilities are being installed imprudently without analyzing the extent of occurrences of mists that would increase the risk of traffic accidents and appropriate countermeasures against the occurrences of mists are not being suggested. For that reason, in this study, first questionnaire surveys were executed on road users in order to draw the factors affecting the traffic accidents caused by mists, a mist traffic accident predicting model was developed and an accident seriousness determining model that can determine accident seriousness was developed. In this way, by extracting major factors affecting mist traffic accidents to grasp risk factors in roads to be caused by mists, safety of roads can be enhanced and traffic accidents in road operations can be decreased. As the affecting factors influencing mist traffic accidents, were extracted sightable distances, durations of mists and whether daytime or nighttime as major factors and the plan to install the facilities for the prevention of mist traffic accidents was suggested to prevent the traffic accidents to be caused by those factors and also the plan to operate roads considering sightable distances was suggested to solve the problem of insufficient sightable distances to be caused by mists was suggested. It is judged that the road safety in the areas where mists occur can be improved through foregoing methods.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.7
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• pp.2670-2677
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• 2023

In the nuclear safety studies, a new trend refers to the evaluation of uncertainties as a mandatory component of best-estimate safety analysis which is a modern and technically consistent approach being known as BEPU (Best Estimate Plus Uncertainty). The major objectives of this study consist in performing a study of uncertainties/sensitivities of the major analysis results for a generic CANDU 6 Nuclear Power Plant during Station Blackout (SBO) progression to understand and characterize the sources of uncertainties and their effects on the key figure-of-merits (FOMs) predictions in severe accidents (SA). The FOMs of interest are hydrogen mass generation and event timings such as the first fuel channel failure time, beginning of the core disassembly time, core collapse time and calandria vessel failure time. The outcomes of the study, will allow an improvement of capabilities and expertise to perform uncertainty and sensitivity analysis with severe accident codes for CANDU 6 Nuclear Power Plant.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.53-61
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• 2014

The disaster and safety accidents in any construction site occur inevitably. Since the on-site disaster and accident occurrence became one of major concerning factors in construction site, architects & building executers have been flooded with safety management advices. The purpose of this paper is to survey and analyze the effect of the application of Safety Patrol Management System(SPMS) upon the reduction of disaster & accident occurrences in construction site. In order to estimate and reduce the disaster and accident ratio in construction site, various surveyed data has been analysed. It will establish the suitable design standards and suggest the basic database for estimating disaster and accident ratio.