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Understanding radiation effects in SRAM-based field programmable gate arrays for implementing instrumentation and control systems of nuclear power plants

  • Nidhin, T.S.;Bhattacharyya, Anindya;Behera, R.P.;Jayanthi, T.;Velusamy, K.
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • v.49 no.8
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    • pp.1589-1599
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    • 2017
  • Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are getting more attention in safety-related and safety-critical application development of nuclear power plant instrumentation and control systems. The high logic density and advancements in architectural features make static random access memory (SRAM)-based FPGAs suitable for complex design implementations. Devices deployed in the nuclear environment face radiation particle strike that causes transient and permanent failures. The major reasons for failures are total ionization dose effects, displacement damage dose effects, and single event effects. Different from the case of space applications, soft errors are the major concern in terrestrial applications. In this article, a review of radiation effects on FPGAs is presented, especially soft errors in SRAM-based FPGAs. Single event upset (SEU) shows a high probability of error in the dependable application development in FPGAs. This survey covers the main sources of radiation and its effects on FPGAs, with emphasis on SEUs as well as on the measurement of radiation upset sensitivity and irradiation experimental results at various facilities. This article also presents a comparison between the major SEU mitigation techniques in the configuration memory and user logics of SRAM-based FPGAs.

A Comparative Study on the Confidence in Venture Creation between MIS Students and Other Business Major Students in the USA (미국의 경영정보 전공학생 집단과 일반경영 전공학생 집단간의 창업 자신감에 대한 비교연구)

  • 장대성;이지영;임성배
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.5 no.4
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    • pp.180-188
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    • 2000
  • This study was conducted to identify the difference in the level of confidence about venture creation between MIS students and those of other business major in the USA. For this study, data were collected from 70 business students including ANOVA, t-test and multiple regression were employed to analyze the collected data. The results of the study show that MIS students who have interdisciplinary knowledge including IT field and business field, have much higher level of confidence about venture creation. The results of this study suggest that MIS education be required to build an effective entrepreneurship education for business major students.

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A Study on the Liquid Encapsulant Czochralski(LEC) Crystal Growth with Magnetic Fields (자기장하에서 액막 초크랄스키 방법에 의한 단결정 성장에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Mu-Geun;Seo, Jeong-Se
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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    • v.25 no.12
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    • pp.1667-1675
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    • 2001
  • Numerical simulations are carried out for the liquid encapsulant Czochralski(LEC) by imposing a magnetic field. The use of a magnetic field to the crystal growth is to suppress melt convection and to improve the homogeneity of the crystal. In the present numerical investigation, we focus on the range of 0-0.3Tesla strength for the axial and cusped magnetic field and the effect of the magnetic field on the melt-crystal interface, flow field and temperature distribution which are the major factors to determine the quality of the single crystal are of particular interest. For both axial and cusped magnetic field, increase of the magnetic field strength causes a more convex interface to the crystal. In general, the flow is weakened by the application of magnetic field so that the shape of the melt-crystal interface and the transport phenomena are affected by the change of the flow and temperature field.

Square and Cube Root Algorithms in Finite Field and Their Applications (유한체상의 제곱근과 세제곱근을 찾는 알고리즘과 그 응용)

  • Cho, Gook Hwa;Ha, Eunhye;Koo, Namhun;Kwon, Soonhak
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.37A no.12
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    • pp.1031-1037
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    • 2012
  • We study an algorithm that can efficiently find square roots and cube roots by modifying Tonelli-Shanks algorithm, which has an application in Number Field Sieve (NFS). The Number Field Sieve, the fastest known factoring algorithm, is a powerful tool for factoring very large integer. NFS first chooses two polynomials having common root modulo N, and it consists of the following four major steps; 1. Polynomial Selection 2. Sieving 3. Matrix 4. Square Root. The last step of NFS needs the process of square root computation in Number Field, which can be computed via square root algorithm over finite field.

A Study on the Field Learning Program Perception of College Students Majoring in Aviation Service (항공서비스전공 대학생의 현장학습 프로그램 인식에 관한 연구)

  • Ha Young Kim;Jung Hwa You
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.90-104
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    • 2023
  • This study analyzes the perceptions of college students majoring in aviation services according to the field learning program conducted during their major studies in order to reflect the educational value and academic awareness of the experience of the experiential field learning program. A survey is conducted targeting college students who experience a field learning program conducted by the Aviation Service Department of J University, a four-year university in the Chungcheong region. ANOVA (one-way analysis of variance) is conducted to analyze differences in perceptions of field learning properties, learning satisfaction, academic self-efficacy, and intention to continue studying. Additionally, text mining is conducted using 'Voyant Tools' to analyze students' field trip logs regarding field trip learning program activities. I hope that the results will be used as evidence to build an efficient and systematic learning strategy for operating field learning programs.

An Empirical Study on the Implementation Model of Global e-trade (글로벌 전자무역 구현모델의 실증분석)

  • Lee, Sang-Jin;Chung, Ja-Son
    • International Commerce and Information Review
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.119-139
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    • 2006
  • The purpose of this research is to analyze four models of global e-trade implementation which was suggested at the advance research of implementation global e-Trade with major trading countries. The main outcomes of this empirical study are as follows. For realizing global e-trade of G-Networking model country we have to implement e-trade in the field of "import & logistics". And for realizing global e-trade of P-Networking model country, it need to try in "settlement & clearance". Furthermore, for realizing global e-Trade of G-Penetration model country, we have known that the field of "import & logistics" would be implemented. Finally for realizing global e-Trade of P-Penetration model country, "settlement & clearance" could be implemented. Also, this study suggests that we have to do negotiation with China and Japan at first, and to try the area of settlement & clearance to implement the global e-Trade with Korea's 10 major trading countries.

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A Case Study on Electronic Commerce for Medical Fields in e-Marketplace of EZmedicom (이지메디컴의 e-마켓플레이스를 통한 의료전자상거래 시스템 사례연구)

  • Kim, Jong-Uk;Park, Sang-Cheol;Seo, Jeong-Wook
    • Journal of Information Technology Services
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    • v.6 no.3
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    • pp.141-162
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    • 2007
  • In this study, we conduct a case analysis on EZmedicom which is one of the leading companies in e-Marketplace for medical fields. By examining major business models of EZmedicom, we provide the success factors in launching the electronic commerce to the potential companies which are interested in participating in e-marketplace for medical fields. Especially, we deduct the solution, logistics field, and electronic group-purchasing as its major business model. Based on these factors, we also propose the MDvan solution which is one of the electronic purchase and supply system, Ezlogis that is the system supporting logistics parts in medical fields, VMI(vendor management inventory), standardization of item code and the linkage of SCM as its critical success factors of EZmedicom. The findings of this study suggest practical and managerial implications for e-Marketplace implementation in the medical field and further research.

Fabrication of Ultra Fine MgO Particles Added BSCCO 2223 Tapes with Different Precursor Phase Constituent

  • Ko, Jae-Woong;Yoo, Jai-Moo;Kim, Hai-Doo;Chung, Hyung-Sik
    • Progress in Superconductivity
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.56-60
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    • 1999
  • Ultra fine MgO particles added BSCCO tapes were fabricated by tape casting using Doctor Blade Method and enclosed by silver foil for different starting compositions (that is, 2223 major, 2212 major). In order to obtain optimum microstructure, thermomechanical treatment was done. Microstructure and phase were analyzed by XRD, SEM and DTA. The critical current density was measured under magnetic field at 77K. The tapes fabricated from the precursor powder with BSCCO-2223 phase (>90%) result in a microstructure with a larger grain size and higher transport critical current density value under magnetic field at given thermomechanical treatment conditions.

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Extinction, Flood Basalts, and Geomagnetic Field (멸종, 범람 현무암과 지구자기장)

  • Yu, Yong-Jae
    • 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2008.10a
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    • pp.33-36
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    • 2008
  • For the past 300 Ma, massive extinctions are associated with major flood basalt eruptions. The geomagnetic Superchrons (Cretaceous Normal Superchron, Kiaman Long Reversed Superchron, Moyero Long Reversed Superchron) precede the major flood basalt eruptions and massive extinctions. It is likely that upswing of mantle plumes is responsible for the generation of continental flood basalt. Eruption of flood basalts results in a catastrophic climate change as well as a massive genus depletion.

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The characteristics of laminar diffusion flame impinging on the wall (벽면 충돌 층류 확산화염의 특성)

  • Park,Yong-Yeol;Kim, Ho-Yeong
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.979-987
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    • 1996
  • A theoretical study for the laminar round jet diffusion flame impinging on the wall was carried out to predict the characteristics and structure of impinging jet flame and heat transfer to the wall. Finite chemistry via Arrhenius equation was adopted as the combustion model. All the transport properties were considered as the variable depending on the temperature and composition. For the parametric study, the distance from nozzle to perpendicular wall and Reynolds number at nozzle exit were chosen as the major parameters. As the results of the present study, the characteristics of flow field and the distributions of temperature, density and each chemical species were obtained. The heat transfer rate from flame to the wall and the effective heating area were calculated to investigate the influence of the major parameters on the heat transfer characteristics.