• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.151-160
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• 2020

The goal of this study was to investigate the diversity present among wild yeasts obtained from soils of spice fields and from mountain soils, and to further, characterize previously unrecorded novel wild yeast strains. In total, 36 strains from 17 different species of wild yeasts were isolated from 35 soil samples obtained from garlic fields of Geumsan, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea. Among these, six yeast strains of Trichosporon moniliiforme, and four strains each of Papiliotrema flavescens and Candida melibiosica species were isolated. Additionally, 22 strains of 18 different species of wild yeasts were isolated from 32 soil samples collected from the ballonflower and ginger fields of Geumsan, Korea. Finally, 46 strains of wild yeasts were isolated from 35 soil samples obtained from Mt. Daedun in Geumsan, Korea. Among the total of 106 isolated wild yeast strains, 10 strains, including Debaryomyces vindobonensis GHY31-3 represented novel yeast strains which were previously unrecorded. All the 10 previously unrecorded yeasts were oval or global in shape, and five strains, including Filobasidium stepposum SFG1-4 formed ascospores. Three strains, including Pseudozyma alboarmeniaca CD 23-5 grew well in vitamin-free medium. Cell-free extract obtained from Filobasidium magnum SFG1-3 indicated 28.6% of xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.475-484
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• 2020

Various indigenous yeasts were isolated and obtained from flowers in the Republic of Korea, and their distribution and species diversity were studied. Seventy-seven flowers were collected from 25 areas in Korea, and 502 yeast strains were isolated from these flowers. A total of 50 species were identified by comparing large subunit rDNA gene sequence homology with the type strains of yeasts. The analysis of yeast distribution showed that the dominant yeast species were Aureobasidium pullulans, A. leucospermi, and Filobasidium magnum in each region and flower samples. Except for the above three yeast species, no species of yeasts showed any meaningful distribution among the habitat regions and sources. In conclusion, 50 species of indigenous yeasts were obtained from flowers that can be used as industrial resources, and the data could be used for further research on yeast diversity and interactions between yeast and its host.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.228-235
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• 1997

This experiments were conducted to determine the effect of allelopathy and autotoxicity in alfalfa. Among several alfalfa cultivars, the substances exudated from seven cultivars including Medicago sativa, c.v. Luna, Sparta, Magnum, Husky, Milkmaker, Challenger and Anchor inhibited the germination and seedling growth of radish, ranging from 60 to 80％. When allelopathic substances were exudated from the soil of the alfalfa-cultivated field, the increased levels of substance retarded the germination rate and seedling growth of radish and alfalfa. The inhibition rate was about 80％, compared with that of control. Thus, this study indicates that the allelopathy and autotoxicity substances of alfalfa influenced the germination and seedling growth in alfalfa itself and radish. When allelopathic substances were analysed by using gas chromatograph, several kinds of phenol compounds were detected as follows; Salicylic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, coumaric acid, and ferulic acid.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.375-379
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• 2010

The Chiari 1.5 malformation is defined as a tonsillar hemiation within a Chiari I malformation with additional caudal descent of the brainstem through the foramen magnum. We describe a patient with Chiari I malformation who evolved to Chiari 1.5 malformation during longitudinal follow-up. A 15-year-old girl presented with neck pain during exercise for two years. She had been diagnosed with Chiari I malformation with mild hydrocephalus after minor cervical trauma at the age of six years. At that time, she was asymptomatic. After she complained of aggravated neck pain, neuroimaging (nine years after first imaging) revealed caudal descent of the brainstem and syringomyelia in addition to progression of tonsillar hemiation. Posterior fossa decompressive surgery resulted in complete resolution of neck pain. Based on neuroimaging and operative findings, she was diagnosed as Chiari 1.5 malformation. Neuroimaging performed seven months after surgery showed an increased anterior-posterior diameter of the medulla oblongata and markedly decreased syringomyelia. This case demonstrates progressive developmental process of the Chiari 1.5 malformation as an advanced form of the Chiari I malformation.

• Mycobiology
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.132-139
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• 2014

Basidiomycetous macrofungi play important roles in maintaining forest ecosystems via carbon cycling and the mobilization of nitrogen and phosphorus. To understand the impact of human activity on macrofungi, an ongoing project at the Korea National Arboretum is focused on surveying the macrofungi in unexploited areas. Mt. Oseo was targeted in this survey because the number of visitors to this destination has been steadily increasing, and management and conservation plans for this destination are urgently required. Through 5 field surveys of Mt. Oseo from April to October 2012, 116 specimens of basidiomycetous macrofungi were collected and classified. The specimens were identified to the species level by analyzing their morphological characteristics and their DNA sequence data. A total of 80 species belonging to 57 genera and 25 families were identified. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to identify five of these species-Artomyces microsporus, Hymenopellis raphanipes, Pholiota abietis, Phylloporus brunneiceps, and Sirobasidium magnum-in Korea.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.11-16
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to determine the safe needling depth of Pungbu($GV_{16}$) retrospectively by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods : We chose 114 Brain or C-spine MRI images from the Sang-Ji hospital picture archiving communication system. We measured the shortest distance from skin to cerebral dura mater passing by posterior edge of the foramen magnum on the sagittal view for the depth of Pungbu. We analyzed the differences between male and female measured values by using a student t-test. Results : The average depth of male insertion was $49.71{\pm}6.32mm$ and the shortest depth of insertion was 36.29 mm. The average depth of female insertion was $39.84{\pm}5.25mm$ and the shortest depth of insertion was 30.02 mm. The results showed a significant difference according to gender (p=0.00). Conclusions : The depth of male insertion is deeper than that of female, and the safe needling depth in the case of males is 36.29-67.35 mm, while the safe needling depth in the of females is 30.02-52.18 mm.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.sup1
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• pp.149-151
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• 2016

Chiari malformations are a congenital anomaly of the hindbrain. The most common, Chiari malformation type I (CM-I), is characterized by herniation of the cerebellar tonsils extending at least 3 mm below the plane of the foramen magnum. Consequently, CM-I is associated with hydrocephalus and symptoms involving compression of the cervicomedullary junction by ectopic tonsils. Several studies have reported the clinical symptoms associated with CM-I, including suboccipital headache, weakness in the upper extremities, facial numbness, loss of temperature sensation, ataxia, diplopia, dysarthria, dysphagia, vomiting, vertigo, nystagmus, and tinnitus. Syncope is one of the rarest presentations in patients with CM-I. There are many hypotheses regarding the causes of syncope in patients with CM-I; however, the mechanisms are not clearly understood. Although surgical decompression for CM-I in patients with syncope has yielded good clinical results in some studies, such cases are rarely reported. We report a case of orthostatic syncope in a patient with CM-I who was treated with surgical intervention.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.241-243
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• 2006

Central pain is defined as pain associated with lesions of the central nervous system, and is among the most intractable of chronic pain syndromes. A 47 year-old-female, who had right arm and shoulder pain, was diagnosed with syringomyelia of the Arnold Chiari malformation type I and received foramen magnum decompression and a syringo-subarachnoid shunt. After the operation, the evoked pain was improved, but she complained of a continuous burning pain, coupled with cold and tactile allodynia. This symptom failed to fully subside on administration of oral medicine; therefore, brachial plexus block was performed, which relieved her pain transiently. Through repeated trials, a gradual decrease in the pain intensity and frequency was found. However, the way in which brachial plexus block improves spinal central pain is not completely known.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.119-122
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• 2011

Achondroplasia is one of the most common types of dwarfism and is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Clinical features of achondroplasia include disproportionate short stature with normal trunk length, shortening of the extremities, bowing of the lower extremities, short stubby trident hands, spinal stenosis and lumbar lordosis. Characteristic craniofacial features include macrocephaly, prominent forehead, depressed nasal bridge, maxillary hypoplasia, otolaryngeal system dysfunction, and foramen magnum stenosis. These characteristics may lead to number of complications including hydrocephalus, apnea, upper-airway obstruction, otitis media, sinusitis and dental malocclusion. Apart from these features, the affected children have good general health and normal intelligence. Dentists should be aware of the clinical characteristics of achondroplasia and the complications that may arise as a result of this disorder. This case report is to present dental treatment of a patient with achondroplasia under general anesthesia and discuss special considerations.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2020

Larva and pupae of Prosimulium kiotoense and larvae of Twinnia japonensis were collected and reported from Korea for the first time. The genus Prosimulium, previously unknown from Korea, contains 80 species worldwide and 8 species are known in Japan. Species are separated into 3 species groups; hirtipes species-group (47 spp.), macropyga species-group (14 spp.) and magnum species-group (19 spp.), with which P. kiotoense belongs to the hirtipes species-group. The genus Twinnia, also previously unknown from Korea, contains only 10 species worldwide. In this study, I provide detailed descriptions and photographs of larvae and pupae P. kiotoense and larvae T. japonensis. Prosimulium kiotoense is characterized by pupa with gill of 16 filaments, cocoon amorphous and entirely covers the pupal body, head and thorax densely covered with microtubercles, larva with postgenal cleft apically straight, and hypostomal teeth with median tooth prominent. On the other hand, larva of T. japonensis can be characterized by labral fan absent, gill histoblast with 16 filaments, and hypostomal teeth with median tooth distinctly shorter than other teeth. In addition to descriptions for each species, a key to Korean Prosimulium and Twinnia is provided, with reference to the Japanese species and habitat information.