• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.128-135
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• 2000

Purpose : The aim of this study is to develope the Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy(MRS) data processing S/W which plays an important role as a diagnostic tool in clinical field. Materials and methods : Post-processing software of MRS based on graphical user interface(GUI) under windows operating system of personal computer(PC) was developed using MATLAB(Mathwork, U.S.A.). This tool contains many functions to increase the quality of spectrum data such as DC correction, zero filling, line broadening, Gauss-Lorentzian filtering, phase correction, etc. And we obtained the normal human brain $^1H$ MRS data from parietal white matter, basal ganglia and occipital grey matter region using 1.5T Gyroscan ACS-NT R6 (philips, Amsterdam, Netherland) MRS package. The analysis of the MRS peaks were performed by obtaining the ratio of peak area. Results : The peak ratios of NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, MI/Cr for the different MRS machines have a little different values. But these peak ratios were not significantly different between different echo time MRS peak ratios in the same machine (p<0.05). Conclusion : MRS post-processing S/W based on GUI using PC was developed and applied to the analysis of normal human brain $^1H$ MRS. This independent MRS processing job increases the performance and throughput of patient scan of main console. Finally, we suggest that the database for normal in-yivo human MRS data should be obtained before clinical applications.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.55 no.10
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• pp.397-402
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• 2012

Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) is a rare, X-linked recessive disorder characterized by dysmyelination in the central nervous system. PMD results from deletion, mutation, or duplication of the proteolipid protein gene (PLP1) located at Xq22, leading to the failure of axon myelination by oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system. PMD may be suspected when there are clinical manifestations such as nystagmus, developmental delays, and spasticity, and genetic analysis can confirm the diagnosis. Further diagnostic manifestations of the disease include a lack of myelination on brain magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and aberrant N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) and choline concentrations that reflect axonal and myelination abnormalities on phroton MR spectroscopy. We report 5 cases of PMD (in 1 girl and 4 boys). PLP1 duplication was detected in 2 patients. Brain MR analyses and MR spectroscopy were performed for all the patients. The brain MR images showed white matter abnormalities typical of PMD, and the MR spectroscopic images showed diverse patterns of NAA, creatinine, and choline concentrations. We propose that MR spectroscopic analysis of metabolic alterations can aid the PMD diagnosis and can contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.140-148
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• 1999

Using 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), we quantitatively evaluated correlation representing linear relationship between the metabolite peak area ratios associated with poor shimming conditions. The inadequate shimming due to linear shim offsets directly affected overall MR spectral quality as well as peak area for each metabolite. Three major peaks such as N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine (Cr,) choline (Cho) were used as a reference for data analysis. Despite considerable variations of metabolite peak area, a significant correlation between the metabolite peak area ratios relative to Cr was established while the correlation between the peak area ratios relative to Cho and NAA was not. The present study suggested that metabolite peak area ratios based on the metabolite of Cr could be an acceptable quantification method even under the poor shimming in clinical MRS examination.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.89-93
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• 2021

2-Month-old, three related Perro de Presa Canario dogs were evaluated for similar neurological symptoms like circling, head pressing, depressed mental status, hypermetria, and vocalization. On magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain, there were large, bilaterally symmetrical lesions with involvement of thalamus, and brainstem that were T2- and FLAIR-hyperintense and T1-iso/hypointense. There was no inclusion of cerebellum. Single-voxel spectroscopy acquisition was located in the thalamus where abnormalities were found in MR images. The results of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) showed markedly decreased N-acetylaspartic acid value. Euthanasia was performed and lesions consistent with the canine spongy degeneration. Alteration in metabolites in the brain can be determined by MRS, which helps in diagnosing degeneration/leukodystrophy of the central nervous system in dogs.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.221-225
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• 2005

To investigate the spectroscopic findings of embolized lesions induced with a fat-emulsion technique with magnetic resonance images (MRI). A fat emulsion was made with 0.1 ml of triolein and 20 ml of normal saline. In 12 cats, the internal carotid artery was infused with the fat emulsion. Contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MRI and multivoxel spectroscopy were obtained at 1 hour, 1 and 4 days, and 1 week after embolization. NAA (N-acetylaspartate), Cr (creatine) and Cho (choline) were evaluated on the spectroscopy. Statitistical analysis wsperformed at the embolized and contralateral normal hemisphere in the integral and amplitude of NAA, Cr and Nho in time course. Also NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr were compared in both hemisphere and in time course. The emboli zed lesions showed contrast enhance ments on Gd-enhanced Tl-weighted i~ages at 1 hour. This contrast enhancement was decreased at day 1, and id not appear agter day 4. In spectroscopy, the embolized hemisphere showed no statistical difference to the normal contralateral side at 1 hour and in time course. NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr were not significantly different in both hemispheres at 1 hour and in time course. Cerebral-fat embolism induced by a triolein emulsion in cats revealed no statistical difference on MR spectroscopy. Triolein-emulsion can be used in the study of blood-brain barrier.

• Proceedings of the KSMRM Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.86-86
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• 2006

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.80-86
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• 2001

Objective: To assess the potential clinical utility of in-vivo 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in patients with various malignant and benign breast lesions. Materials and Methods: Seventeen patients with untreated primary malignant breast lesions (group I), eight patients with untreated benign breast lesions (group II) and seven normal breasts (group III) were included in this study. In-vivo 31P MRS was performed using a 1.5 Tesla MR scanner. Because of the characteristics of the coil, the volume of the tumor had to exceed 12 cc (3×2×2 cm), with a superoinferior diameter at least 3 cm. Mean and standard deviations of each metabolite were calculated and metabolite ratios, such as PME/PCr, PDE/PCr, T-ATP/PCr and PCr/T-ATP were calculated and statistically analyzed. Results: Significant differences in PME were noted between groups I and III (p=0.0213), and between groups II and III (p=0.0213). The metabolite ratios which showed significant differences were PME/PCr (between groups II and III) (p=0.0201), PDE/PCr (between groups I and III, and between groups II and III) (p=0.0172), T-ATP/PCr (between groups II and III) (p=0.0287), and PCr/T-ATP (between groups II and III) (p=0.0287). There were no significant parameters between groups I and II. Conclusion: In-vivo 31P MRS is not helpful for establishing a differential diagnosis between benign and malignant breast lesions, at least with relatively large lesions greater than 3 cm in one or more dimensions.

• Proceedings of the KSMRM Conference
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• 1999.04a
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• pp.1-9
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• 1999

핵자기 공명(NMR:nuclear magnetic resonance)은 19451건 Bloch, Procell등에 의해 처음으로 실험적으로 입증된 후에 생화학 및 약학 분야에서 분자단위의 물질의 성분, 구조, 대사물질의 역학적 운동 및 상태에 관한 정보를 아는데 유용한 기법으로 사용 되어 왔다. 의학분야에서는 Lauterber등에 의해 자기공명영상볍(Magnetic Resonance Imaging:MRI)으로 개발되어 질병의 진단 및 치료에 많은 공헌을 하게되었다. 해부학적영상 뿐 아니라 분석방법으로 병변 부위 및 인체 기관에서의 각종 대사물질의 정량적인 양과 변화를 알 수 있는 자기공명분광기법(magnetic resonance spectroscopy:MRS)도 활발한 임상적용이 이루어지고 있다. 자기공명영상법의 활발한 임상적 응용 및 새로운 technique이해를 위해서는 물리학적 개념(MR Physics)을 이해하는 것이 매우 중요하다.

• Proceedings of the KSMRM Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.152-169
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• 2008

• Proceedings of the KSMRM Conference
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• 1998.03a
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• pp.20-29
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• 1998