• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.68-74
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• 2013

In this paper, an average surface roughness, $R_a$, was measured by optical measurement and its mathematical model according to spindle speed and feedrate was obtained by least square method. Also, its result is compared and investigated with real measured average surface roughness. The optical measurement of surface roughness is performed by CLSM(confocal laser scanning microscope) and the captured HEI(height encoded image) data is used as an original data for the generation of average surface roughness and its mathematical plane or contour surface of surface roughness. Using this polynomial model with two independent variables, the behavior of an average surface roughness is investigated and analyzed with an experimental modeling of least square algorithm. And it can be used for the prediction of $R_a$ in different condition of machining.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.59-74
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• 2004

There are many uncertain parameters associated with vibration components. Their physical parameters, the machining quality of vibration components, and the applied load acting on them are all uncertain. As a result, the natural frequency and the fatigue limits are also uncertain variables. In this paper, we express these parameters of vibration components and the frequency zone of resonance through interval models; this way, the robust reliability of the vibration components is defined. The robust reliability model measures and assesses the reliability of vibration components. The robust reliability of a cantilever beam is evaluated as an example. The results show that this method is reasonable for robust reliability analysis of vibration components because it does not require a large amount of failure data, it avoids the evaluation of the probability density function, and the computation is simple.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.62-69
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• 2010

Internal lathe machining with a boring bar is weak with respect to vibration because the bar is long and slender. Therefore, it is important to study the dynamic characteristics of a boring bar. The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of overhang and cutting conditions on the dynamic response characteristics of a boring bar. For an efficient experiment, an $L_g(3^3)$ orthogonal array was applied and the results were quantitatively analyzed by ANOVA. Overhang, feed per revolution, and depth of cut were selected as independent variables. Meanwhile, dynamic stiffness, damping ratio, damping coefficient, and acceleration were chosen as dependent variables. The vibration signal was obtained from an accelerometer attached to the boring bar, followed by visualization by a signal analyzer. The effect of overhang was found to have a significant effect on the dynamic stiffness, damping ratio, and damping coefficient, but the other variables did not. As the length of the overhang increased, the dynamic stiffness decreased and the damping ratio increased. In addition, the damping coefficient increased until the length of the overhang was 4D (where D is the shank diameter), after which it remained constant. The acceleration decreased until the overhang length was 4D, and then increased sharply when the overhang was increased further. From these results, the behavioral trend of the damping characteristics changed when its overhang length was 4D. Consequently, there is a critical point that the dynamic characteristics of boring bar change.

• Laser Solutions
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.29-34
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• 2008

Ultraviolet laser micromachining has increasingly been applied to the electronics industry where precision machining of high-density, multi-layer, and multi material components is in a strong demand. Due to the ever-decreasing size of electronic products such as cellular phones, MP3 players, digital cameras, etc., flexible printed circuit board (FPCB), multi-layered with polymers and metals, tends to be thicker. In present, multi-layered FPCBs are being mechanically cut with a punching die. The mechanical cutting of FPCBs causes such defects as burr on layer edges, cracks in terminals, delamination and chipping of layers. In this study, the laser cutting mechanism of FPCB was examined to solve problems related to surface debris and short-circuiting that can be caused by the photo-thermal effect. The laser cutting of PI and FCCL, which are base materials of FPCB, was carried out using a pico-second laser(355nm, 532nm) and nano-second UV laser with adjusting variables such as the average/peak power, scanning speed, cycles, gas and materials. Points which special attention should be paid are that a fast scanning speed, low repetition rate and high peak power are required for precision machining.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.871-876
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• 2019

We fabricated concave optical fiber tips using hydrofluoric acid solution and photothermal effect induced by $1.55{\mu}m$ wavelength laser applied to an optical fiber. The radius of curvature of the concave optical fiber tips fabricated with different applied laser power, etching time, and concentration of hydrofluoric acid was measured with an optical microscope. Then, we analyzed how the radius of curvature changes for those three variables. In addition, the reliability of the measurement method using a microscope was verified through a free spectral range(FSR) and a scanning electron microscope(SEM). Through this paper, the radius of curvature can be adjusted by the variables of the fabrication process of concave optical fiber tips; thus, it is overcoming the limitations of conventional optical fiber etching methods using hydrofluoric acid solutions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1996.11a
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• pp.610-614
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• 1996

Sealing of lubricat-air mixture in the high performance machining conte is one of most the important characteristics to carry out enhanced lubrication. High speed spindle requires non-contact type of sealing mechanism. Evaluating an optimum seal design to minimize leakage is concerned in the aspect of flow control. Effect of geometry and leakage path are evaluated according to variation of sealing geometry, Velocity, pressure, turbulence intensity of profile is calculated to fina more efficient geometry and variables. This offers a methodological way of enhancement seal design for high speed spindle. The working fluid is regarded as two phases that are mixed flow of oil phase and air phase. It is more reasonable to simulate an oil jet or oil mist type high speed spindle lubrication. Turbulence and compressible flow model are used to evaluate a flow characteristic, This paper arranges a geometry of mostly used non-contact type seal and analyzes leakage characteristics to minimize a leakage on the same sealing area.

• Laser Solutions
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.17-22
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• 2006

In this study, PID control method was applied to decrease the power fluctuation of the pulse laser which is one of the major processing variables in laser machining process. To stabilize the power fluctuation of the pulse laser, we averaged 10 pulse outputs of Nd:YAG laser operating in 10Hz using boxcar averager, and with taking this averaged output as an input signal, we conducted PID control using optical attenuator which is consisted of half wave plate attached on the stepping motor and polarizer. When PID control was not enabled, the power fluctuation was 4.71% and with PID control, the power fluctuation was 1.86% for 2 hours and 1 hour respectively. As a result, we stabilized the power fluctuation of the pulse laser by 60.5%

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Laser Processing Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.89-96
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• 2006

In this study, PID control method was applied to decrease the power fluctuation of the pulse laser which is one of the major processing variables in laser machining process. To stabilize the power fluctuation of the pulse laser, we averaged 10 pulse outputs of Nd:YAG laser operating in 10Hz using boxcar averager, and with taking this averaged output as an input signal, we conducted PID control using optical attenuator which is consisted of half wave plate attached on the stepping motor and polarizer. When PID control was not enabled, the power fluctuation was 4.71% and with PID control, the power fluctuation was 1.86% for 2 hours and 1 hour respectively. As a result, we stabilized the power fluctuation of the pulse laser by 60.5%

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.13 no.2 s.32
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• pp.74-82
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• 1999

Nowadays, the crank shaft motor vehicle has become essential as the important component. The machining precision was asked for manufacturing the shaft. They could be unstable in the quality by the conventional are welding. Both in-process quailty control and high reliability of the weld are the major concerns in applying friction wlding to the economical and qualified mass-production. No reliable nondestructive monitoring method is avaliable at present to determine the real-time evaluation of automatic production quality control for bar-to-bar friction welding of the crank shaft of O.D 24mm for motor vehicle. This paper, so that, presents the experimental examinations and statistical quantitative analysis of the correlation between the cumulative counts of acoustic emission(AE) during plastic deformation periods of the welding and the tensile strength and other properties of the bar-to-bar welded joints of O.D. 24mm shaft as well as the various welding variables, as a new approach which attempts finally to develop real-time quality monitoring system for friction welding, resulting in practical possiblility of real-time quality control more than 100% joint efficiency showing good weld with no micro structural defects.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.415-418
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• 2005

In recent years, Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys have become a center of special interest in the automotive industry. Due to their high specific mechanical properties, they offer a significant weight saving potential in modem vehicle constructions. Most Mg alloys show very good machinability and processability, and even the most complicated die casting parts can be easily produced. The die casting process is a fast production method capable of a high degree of automation for which certain Mg alloys are ideally suited. Although Mg alloys are fulfilling the demands for low specific weight materials with excellent machining and casting abilities, they are still not used in die casting process to the same extent as the competing material aluminium. One of the reasons is that effects of various forming variables for die casting process is not closely examined from the viewpoint of die design. In this study, step die and flowability tests for AM60 were performed by die casting process according to various combination of casting pressure and plunger velocity. Microstructure and Victors hardness tests were examined and performed for each specimen to verify effects of forming conditions.