• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
• /
• 2019.07a
• /
• pp.404-405
• /
• 2019

본 논문에서는 PMSM(Permanent magnet synchronous motor)의 MTPA(Maximum Torque Per Ampere) 운전을 고려한 V/f 제어 시 안정화 기법에 대해 제안한다. PMSM은 V/f 제어 시 부하 변동에 따라 탈조할 가능성이 있다. 제안된 기법은 안정도 개선을 위해 추정된 q축 전류를 이용하여 부하 변동정보를 얻고 이를 바탕으로 고정자 주파수를 변동하여 회전자 속도가 동기속도를 유지할 수 있는 안정화 기법을 적용하였다. 제안된 안정화 기법으로 저속 영역부터 약자속 영역까지 부하변동에도 안정적인 운전이 가능하도록 하였다. 1kW SPMSM의 모의실험을 통하여 제안된 기법의 효용성을 검증하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.46-51
• /
• 2016

Natural gas liquefaction process which spends a huge amount energy is operated under cryogenic conditions. Thus, many researchers have studied on minimizing energy consumption of LNG plant. However, a few studied for cost optimization have performed. This study focused on the cost analysis for the single mixed refrigerant (SMR) process, one of the simplest natural gas liquefaction process, which has different capacity. The process capacity is increased from 1 million ton per annum (MTPA) to 2.5 MTPA by 0.5 MTPA steps. According to the increase of plant size, only flow rate of natural gas and mixed refrigerant are increased and other operating conditions are fixed. Aspen Economic Evaluator(v.8.7) is used for the cost analysis and six tenths factor rule is applied to obtain multi stream heat exchanger cost data which is not supplied by Aspen Economic Evaluator. Moreover, the optimal plant sizes for different sizes of gas wells are found as the result of applying plant cost to small scale gas wells, 20 million ton (MT), 40 MT, and 80 MT. Through this cost analysis, the foundation is built to optimize LNG plant in terms of the cost.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.10 no.11
• /
• pp.3110-3114
• /
• 2009

Rotor temperature variation is a significant issue in the design of induction motor controls. In the literature, numerous studies have mentioned significant performance degradation due to rotor temperature variation unless it is taken into account. However, those studies have mainly focused on field-oriented control in terms of tracking performance. There was little research about the influence of rotor temperature variation on performance particularly in the case of optimal controls such as maximum torque per amp (MTPA) control strategy. This work investigates how to affect the performance of maximum torque per amp (MTPA) control strategy as rotor temperature varies in time. To this end, investigation was carried out in two ways to see whether the objective of MTPA control strategy is achieved regardless of rotor temperature variation. It is to produce a desired torque with the minimum possible stator current at the same time. Laboratory experiment shows that tracking performance and maximum torque per amp condition is significantly affected by rotor temperature variation as rotor temperature varies, thus ending up with performance degradation of MTPA control.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2019

Most of rotor resistance estimators utilizes Classical qd Model (CQDM) and Alternate qd Model (AQDM). The rotor resistance estimators based on both models were shown to provide an accurate rotor resistance estimate under conditions where flux is constant such as a field-oriented control (FOC) based induction motor drives. Under the conditions where flux is varying such as a Maximum torque per amp (MTPA) control, AQDM based rotor resistance estimator estimates actual rotor resistance accurately even in different operating points. However, CQDM based rotor resistance estimator has not been investigated and its performance is questionable under condition where flux level is varying. Thus, in this work, the performance of CQDM based rotor resistance estimator was investigated and made comparisons with AQDM based estimator under conditions where flux level is significantly varying such as in MTPA control based induction motor drives. Unlike AQDM based estimator, the laboratory results show that the CQDM based estimator underestimates actual rotor resistance and exhibits an undesirable dip in the estimates in different operating points.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
• /
• v.21 no.12
• /
• pp.1142-1151
• /
• 2015

In this paper, High performance torque control based on the flux mapping of 48V Wound Rotor Synchronous Motor has been studied to improve torque control. Flux map considering MTPA (Maximum Torque Per Ampere), MFPT (Minimum Flux Per Torque), Maximum efficiency point at the same torque command and flux command for each field current was produced. Current map using flux mapping of Each field current was applied to the MTPA, MFPT. Generating a current vector locus was to determine the characteristics of the operation region. Through the Matlab/Simulink simulation, difference between speed-torque map and flux map was represented. The suggested flux map was tested actual experiments on a dynamometer.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.24 no.11
• /
• pp.1627-1631
• /
• 2003

Molecular modeling was performed to comprehend the chiral recognition of ${\alpha}$-methoxy-${\alpha}$-trifluoromethylphenylacetic acid (MTPA) enantiomers by cyclomaltoheptaose (${\beta}$-cyclodextrin,${\beta}$-CD) and 6-amino-6-deoxy-cyclomaltoheptaose (am-${\beta}$-CD). Monte Carlo (MC) docking coupled to constant temperature molecular dynamics (MD) simulations was applied to the investigation for the ${\alpha}$-methoxy-${\alpha}$-trifluoromethylphenylacetic acid complexation with two different CDs in terms of the relative distribution of the interaction energies. The calculated results are finely correlated with the experimental observations in chiral recognition thermodynamics. Am-${\beta}$-CD as a host showed the superior enantio-discrimination ability to the native ${\beta}$-CD where the amino group of am-${\beta}$-CD was critically involved in enhancing the ability of chiral discrimination via the Coulombic interaction with MTPA.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.1515-1527
• /
• 2018

This paper presents a sensorless speed control of IPMSM (Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor) using the high-frequency (HF) square wave injection method. In the proposed HF pulsating square wave injection method, injection voltage is applied into the estimated d-axis of rotor and high-frequency induced q-axis current is considered to estimate the rotor position. Conventional square wave injection methods may need complex demodulation process to find rotor position, while in the proposed method, an easy demodulation process based on the rising-falling edge of the injected voltage and carrier induced q-axis current is implemented, which needs less processing time and improves control bandwidth. Unlike some saliency-based sensorless methods, the proposed method uses maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) strategy, instead of zero d-axis command current strategy, to improve control performance. Furthermore, this paper directly uses resultant d-axis current to detect the magnet polarity and eliminates the need to add an extra pulse injection for magnet polarity detection. As experimental results show, the proposed method can quickly find initial rotor position and MTPA strategy helps to improve the control performance. The effectiveness of the proposed method and all theoretical concepts are verified by mathematical equations, simulation, and experimental tests.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.584-593
• /
• 2018

The highly efficient operation of induction motors has been studied in the past years. Among the many attempts made to obtain highly efficient operation, Maximum Torque Per Amp (MTPA) controls in induction motor drives were proposed. This method enables induction motor drives to operate very efficiently since it achieves the desired torque with the minimal stator current. This is because the alternate qd induction motor model (AQDM) is a highly accurate mathematical model to represent the dynamic characteristics of induction motors. However, it has been shown that the variation of the rotor resistance degrades the performance of the MTPA control significantly, thus leading to its failure to satisfy the maximum torque per amp condition. To take into consideration the mismatch between the actual value of the rotor resistance and its parameter value in the design of the control strategy, an adaptive MTPA control was proposed. In this work, this adaptive MTPA control is investigated in order to achieve the desired torque with the minimum stator current at multiple operating points. The experimental study showed that (i) the desired torque was accurately achieved even though there was a deviation of the order of 5% from the commanded torque value at a torque reference of 25 Nm (tracking performance), and (ii) the minimum stator current for the desired torque (maximum torque per amp condition) was consistently satisfied at multiple operating points, as the rotor temperature increased.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
• /
• 2016.07a
• /
• pp.239-240
• /
• 2016

최근 친환경 차량에 대한 관심이 급증함에 따라 고효율 운전이 가능한 하이브리드 전기자동차(Hybrid Electric Vehicle, 이하 HEV)에 대한 관심이 급증하고 있다. 구동형 전동기로는 효율이 높고 단위 체적당 토크가 큰 전동기가 요구되고 있으며, 본 논문에서는 계자권선형 동기전동기(Wound Field Synchronous Motor, 이하 WFSM)를 적용하였다. WFSM은 자속 성분을 임의로 제어할 수 있기 때문에 저속영역부터 고속영역까지 좋은 운전 특성을 가지는 장점이 있지만, 기존 동기전동기와는 달리 제어변수가 증가한다는 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 HEV용 WFSM에 적용된 MTPA(Maximum Torque Per Ampare, 이하 MTPA) 등에 대한 제어 알고리즘을 제안한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.44-49
• /
• 2003

Permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM) is widely used in many applications such as an electric vehicle. compressor drives of air conditioner and machine tool spindle drives. PMSM drive system have become a popular choice in various application, due to their excellent power to weight ratio. This paper is proposed maximum torque control for field weakening operation of PMSM drive. At low speeds, the reluctance torque is used to maximize the output for a given current level. This is achieved maximum torque per ampere(MTPA) by selecting an optimal value of the direct stator current component. At high speeds, the system reaches a point at which the inverter will not be able to supply the desired voltage. In this case it is necessary to make use of an increased value the direct current component. The proposed control algorithm is applied to PMSM drive system, the operating characteristics controlled by maximum torque control are examined in detail by simulation.