• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.41-49
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• 2012

As improving our standard of living, demographic change or industrial development, MSW that is closely linked to human behavior has been occurred much change. Notably, we usually have incinerated the combustible waste. In the process, they also emit a large amount of greenhouse gas that has directly affected the global warming and environmental pollution. Therefore, we need to make control system to manage future production and reduce generation of MSW. Thus this study analyzed the generation of MSW according to household members and floor area in apartment housing occupies the highest share. Then, we used both a correlation analysis and a regression analysis to make new estimation model of MSW generation. Based on this study, the results were used to suggest a method to efficiently handle MSW in the case of planning urban environment. Also, build a database to set up the integrated management system of MSW in the future.

• 연구논문집
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• s.32
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• pp.5-13
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• 2002

This paper deals with the result of an analysis on the effect of the power generation by municipal solid waste(MSW)-refuse derived fuel(RDF) and the introduction of tipping fee sharing between RDF manufacturing and power generation project. As a model case for the MSW generated at small and medium cities in our country, an analysis of the RDF power generation and Tipping fee sharing shows that 1) MSW amount of 7,800* $10^3 $t/y could produce 1,950*$10^3$t/y of RDF 2) Electric power generated by MSW-RDF could supply 290,000 households/year and 98,548 C-t/y of $CO_2$ could be reduced. 3) Tipping Fee should be shared by the considering of the contents of project of both side between RDF Production and power generation.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.3-10
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• 2010

This study was performed to investigate the effect of desalinated underground seawater (named as 'magma seawater', MSW) of Jeju Island in Korea on lipid metabolism and antioxidant activity. MSW was collected from underground of Han-Dong in Jeju Island, and freely given to high fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6 mice for 10 weeks. Although there were no significant differences in the body weight changes and plasma lipid levels, hepatic triglyceride levels were significantly lower in the MSW group than in the normal tap water (TW)-drunken control group. Furthermore, the activity of fatty acid synthase (FAS) was significantly decreased and carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) activity was increased in MSW group compared to TW group. Similarly, real-time PCR analysis revealed that mRNA expressions of lipogenic genes were lowered in MSW groups compared to the control group. In a morphometric observation on the liver tissue, accumulation of fats was remarkably reduced in MSW group. Meanwhile, in vitro assay, tree radical scavenging activity measured by using diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was increased in MSW group. The 2'-7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) staining followed with fluorescent microscopy showed a low intensity of fluorescence in MSW-treated HepG2 cells, compared to TW-treated HepG2 cells, which indicated that the production of reactive oxygen species by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) in HepG2 cells was decreased by MSW treatment. The antioxidant effect of MSW on t-BHP-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells was supported by the increased activities of intracellular antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and glutathione reductase. From these results, we speculate that MSW has an inhibitory effect on lipogenesis in liver and might play a protective role against cell damage by t-BHP-induced oxidative stress.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.58-62
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• 1992

The objective of this study is to investigate the generation rates, composition, propertion and lower heating values of each material in the municipal solid wastes(MSW) as well as the effect of landfill leachate on the environment in Taejon. The results are as follows: 1. The annual average generation rate of MSW in Taejon is approximately 1.7kg/c.d. 2. The weight percent of combustible matters is on average 80 and the lower heating value of MSW is measured to be more than 1,700 kcal/kg after removing the briquette component. 3. It is necessary for us to take a proper management system for leachate treatment in the landfill because it has many problems in the sewage and groundwater. 4. It is recommeded that MSW be treated by multiple methods such as the sanitary landfill, resources and recovery, composting and incineration.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.65-74
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• 2008

In this study, the composition and physico-chemical characteristics of municipal solid waste (MWS) which was treated in four different area were investigated. It is necessary to measure the characteristics of MSW to build a waste treatment and Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) facility, the data-base and total managing of the landfill. It was found that the average density of solid wastes is in the range of $78.15-199.8kg/m^3$. This MSW was composed of 8.87% of food wastes, 38.8% of papers, 34.12% of plastics & vinyls, 7.16% of textiles, 0.96% of wood, 1.3% of rubber & leathers and others, respectively. Most of MSW are composed of food, paper and plastic waste and more than 94% was combustible waste. For three components, moisture is 17.38%, combustible component is 69.03% and ash is 6.24%. The chemical element has the high order of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen on the dry basis of wastes. And the low heating value of the MSW which is measured by calorimeter is calculated as 2973.8 kcal/kg and high heating value of the MSW is calculated as 5209.94 kcal/kg.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.219-225
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• 2016

Energy self-reliance is important for economic growth and development for any nation. An energy self-reliance technological analysis for Kampala the capital city of Uganda is presented. Three renewable energy sources: Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), solar and wind are assessed for the period of 2014 to 2030. Annual MSW generation will increase from $6.2{\times}10^5$ tons in 2014 to $8.5{\times}10^5$ and $1.14{\times}10^6$ tons by 2030 at 2% and 3.9% population growth respectively. MSW energy recovery yield varies from 136.7 GWh (2014, 65% collection) to 387.9 GWh (2030, 100% collection). MSW can at best contribute 2.1% and 1.6% to total Kampala energy demands for 2014 and 2030 respectively. Wind contribution is 5.6% and 2.3% in those respective years. To meet Kampala energy demands through solar, 26.6% of Kampala area and 2.4 times her size is required for panel installation in 2014 and 2030 respectively. This study concludes that improving renewable energy production may not necessarily translate into energy self-reliant Kampala City based on current and predicted conditions on a business as usual energy utilization situation. More studies should be done to integrate improvement in renewable energy production with improvement in efficiency in energy utilization.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 2011

The waste treatment fee and energy production effect of Wonju city RDF plant, the first RDF manufacturing plant in Korea, were investigated in the study. All plant operation data, like total weight of received wastes, produced RDF and separated rejects in processes were fully recorded for mass balance calculation of the plant in 2009. Also all consumed oil and electricity were recorded for energy balance calculation. The results showed that the waste treatment fee not including the RDF sales price of 25,000 won/ton-RDF was 116,573 won/ton-MSW and it went down to 105,298 won when included the RDF price. Produced RDF was 40.2% of total received waste in weight. Three components analysis by mass balance calculation of total received waste showed that Wonju city's MSW was 32.4% of combustible, 37.5% of water and 30.1% of incombustible respectively. Energy effect was found that total amount of produced energy was about 4 times more than that of consumed energy.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.63-70
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• 2005

As the landfill ban of food waste has enforced since 2005, the composition of municipal solid waste(MSW) has changed dramatically. In this 2 year study, MSW in a small city has collected 3 times at 10 different generating points, and physico-chemical analysis has done. From the result, the effect of landfill ban of food waste on the physico-chemical properties of MSW was described. Landfill ban of food waste has reduced by 12 weight % in the composition of food waste in MSW, and has reduced by 25 % of bulk density. After landfill ban of food waste, water content of MSW has reduced to 32.3%, which is reduced by 14.1 % of water content of year 2004 data. Low heating value of MSW after landfill ban was 2991.4kcal/kg, which has increased 32% than that of year 2004 data. From landfill gas generation modeling, it is estimated that the yearly generation rate of landfill gas will be reduced by 5% than in case of accepting food waste into the landfill.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.101-111
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• 2009

In this study, the physico-chemical characteristics of municipal solid waste (MWS) which was treated in gangwon area were investigated. It is necessary to measure the characteristics of municipal solid waste for build a waste treatment and RDF facility and for data-base and total managing of the landfill. It was found that the average density of solid wastes is in the range of $101.8{\sim}199.8kg/m^3$. This MSW was composed of 30.7% of food wastes, 36.3% of papers, 15.8% of plastics & vinyls, 1.9% of textiles, 3.2% of wood and 1.5% of rubber & leathers respectively. Most of MSW are composed of food, paper and plastic waste and the combustible waste is more than 90%. For three components, moisture is 44.6%, combustible component is 47.7% and ash is 7.7% respectively. The chemical elements are carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen on the dry basis of wastes. The low heating value of the MSW measured by calorimeter was obtained as 2,631 kcal/kg, and the high heating value of the MSW was obtained as 3,310 kcal/kg.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 2019

This study analyzed the correlation between generation of municipal solid waste (MSW), number of tourists, and area of accommodation facilities of small island such as Shin, Si, Mo and Jangbong island in Ongjin county, Incheon for use as basic data for estimation of MSW generation. An analysis of statistics data from september in 2012 to august in 2018 showed MSW generation was steadily increasing, and MSW generation in 2018 was increased by about 3.98 times compared to 2012. In summer, which is the tourist season, MSW generation was 2.43~9.39 times higher than in winter. MSW generation was influenced by the number of tourists. As of August 2018, generation rate of per capita of MSW was $0.839kg/cap{\cdot}day$, which was about 3.71 times higher than August 2013. Area of accommodation increased continuously from 2008 to 2017, increasing by about 8.32 times. The coefficient of determination between the area of accommodation and the number of tourists was 0.8418. Also coefficient of determination between area of accommodation and MSW generation were 0.9370 and 0.6025 before and after August in 2015, respectively. Accommodation was lacked due to increase of tourists. Although accommodation was scarce because of increase in the number of tourists since 2015, the coefficient of determination decreased due to the increase in waste generation.