• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• v.24 no.11
• /
• pp.1114-1130
• /
• 2023

Magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) is increasingly used to visualize peripheral nerves in vivo. However, the implementation and interpretation of MRN in the brachial and lumbosacral plexi are challenging because of the anatomical complexity and technical limitations. The purpose of this article was to review the clinical context of MRN, describe advanced magnetic resonance (MR) techniques for plexus imaging, and list the general categories of utility of MRN with pertinent imaging examples. The selection and optimization of MR sequences are centered on the homogeneous suppression of fat and blood vessels while enhancing the visibility of the plexus and its branches. Standard 2D fast spin-echo sequences are essential to assess morphology and signal intensity of nerves. Moreover, nerve-selective 3D isotropic images allow improved visualization of nerves and multiplanar reconstruction along their course. Diffusion-weighted and diffusion-tensor images offer microscopic and functional insights into peripheral nerves. The interpretation of MRN in the brachial and lumbosacral plexi should be based on a thorough understanding of their anatomy and pathophysiology. Anatomical landmarks assist in identifying brachial and lumbosacral plexus components of interest. Thus, understanding the varying patterns of nerve abnormalities facilitates the interpretation of aberrant findings.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.42-51
• /
• 2001

Because the tongue is superficially located and the initial manifestation of most diseases occurring there is mucosal change, lingual lesionscan be easily accessed and diagnosed without imaging analysis. Some lingual neoplasms, however, may manifest as a submucosal bulge and be located in a deep portion of the tongue, such as its base; their true characteristics and extent may be recognized only on cross-sectional images such as those obtained by CT or MRI. Some uncommon tongue neoplasms may have characteristic radiologic features, thus permitting quite specific radiologic diagnosis. Lipomas typically manifest at both CT and MR imaging as homogeneous nonenhancing lesions. Relative to subcutaneous fat they are isoattenuating on CT images, and all MR sequences show them as isointense. Due to the paramagnetic properties of melanin, metastases from melanotic melanoma usually demonstrate high signal intensity on T1-weighted MR images and low signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Although the radiologic findings for other submucosal neoplasms are nonspecific, CT and MR imaging can play an important role in the diagnostic work-up of these unusual tumors. Delineation of the extent of the tumor, and recognition and understanding of the spectrum of imaging and the pathologic features of these lesions, often help narrow the differential diagnosis.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.37-41
• /
• 2001

Because the tongue is superficially located and the intial manifestation of most diseases occurring there is mucosal change, lingual these lesions can be easily accessed and diagnosed without imaging analysis. Most congenital lesions of the tongue, however, can manifest as a submucosal bulge and be located in a deep portion of that organ such as its base; their true characteristics and extent may be recognized only on cross-sectional images such as those obtained by CT or MRI. In addition, because it is usually difficult to differentiate congenital lesions from other submucosal neoplasms on the basis of imaging findings alone, clinical history and physical examination should always be taken into consideration when interpretating CT and MR images of the tongue. Although the radiologic findings for congenital lesions are nonspecific, CT and MR imaging can play an important role in the diagnostic work-up of these unusual lesions. Delineation of the extent of the tumor, and recognition and understanding of the spectrum of imaging and the pathologic features of these lesions, often help narrow the differential diagnosis.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• v.25 no.7
• /
• pp.623-633
• /
• 2024

This study systematically reviewed the role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the assessment of molecular prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer, focusing on the correlation of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) with hormone receptor status and prognostic biomarkers. Our meta-analysis includes data from 52 studies examining ADC values in relation to estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and Ki-67 status. The results indicated significant differences in ADC values among different receptor statuses, with ER-positive, PgR-positive, HER2-negative, and Ki-67-positive tumors having lower ADC values compared to their negative counterparts. This study also highlights the potential of advanced DWI techniques such as intravoxel incoherent motion and non-Gaussian DWI to provide additional insights beyond ADC. Despite these promising findings, the high heterogeneity among the studies underscores the need for standardized DWI protocols to improve their clinical utility in breast cancer management.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.71-82
• /
• 2003

In this paper, I proposed a classifier of liver cirrhotic step using T1-weighted MRI(magnetic resonance imaging) and hierarchical neural network. The data sets for classification of each stage, which were normal, 1type, 2type and 3type, were obtained in Pusan National University Hospital from June 2001 to december 2001. And the number of data was 46. We extracted liver region and nodule region from T1-weighted MR liver image. Then objective interpretation classifier of liver cirrhotic steps in T1-weighted MR liver images. Liver cirrhosis classifier implemented using hierarchical neural network which gray-level analysis and texture feature descriptors to distinguish normal liver and 3 types of liver cirrhosis. Then proposed Neural network classifier teamed through error back-propagation algorithm. A classifying result shows that recognition rate of normal is 100%, 1type is 82.3%, 2type is 86.7%, 3type is 83.7%. The recognition ratio very high, when compared between the result of obtained quantified data to that of doctors decision data and neural network classifier value. If enough data is offered and other parameter is considered, this paper according to we expected that neural network as well as human experts and could be useful as clinical decision support tool for liver cirrhosis patients.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.65-69
• /
• 2005

Numerous small fibrinous rice bodies are a common finding in joints afflicted with rheumatoid arthritis(RA) or seronegative arthropathy, Subacromial and subdeltoid bursitis of the shoulder associated with multiple rice body formation is a rare occurrence. To our knowledge, this is the first report to describe the arthroscopic treatment of massive rice bodies in both glenohumeral joint and subacromial-subdeltoid bursae combined with full thickness of rotator cuff in RA. Besides, the MR appearance of subacromial-subdeltoid bursal rice bodies have been previously described in only few recent reports. Therefore, we also describe the MR appearances subacromial-subdeltoid bursae associated with multiple rice bodies in RA.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.200-205
• /
• 2003

Purpose: To report our experiences of clinical features, treatment method and results of giant cell tumor of 5 patients in proximal fibula. Materials and Methods: Five patients managed with an en bloc resection preserving common peroneal nerve and lateral collateral ligament reconstruction with biceps femoris tendon followed up between January 1997 and July 2001. Preoperative plain radiograph and MRI and bone scan were checked. The recurrence of the tumor was judged by plain radiograph and clinical signs. Lateral instability of knee joint was checked during the outpatient follow-up. Results: The mean age of the patients at the time of operation was twenty- three (21-29). There were one male and four female patients. Dull pain was main symptom and palpable mass was seen in two patients. Peroneal nerve palsy and local recurrence were not observed except one case of temporary peroneal nerve palsy. During the outpatient follow up, one among 5 patients showed slight lateral instability and the other 4 patients showed no instabililty. Conclusion: Giant cell tumor in proximal fibula managed with an en bloc resection preserving common peroneal nerve and lateral collateral ligament reconstruction with biceps femoris tendon showed favorable results.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.59-63
• /
• 2014

A 66-year-old woman was transferred to our hospital due to her right breast cancer. Preoperative breast MRI shows 1.9 cm malignancy on her right breast (cT1N0M0) and incidentally found osteosclerotic change of left coststernoclavicular region. Bone scintigraphy showed hot uptake and the possibility of bone metastasis was not excluded. However, because the bone metastasis is not common in early stage cancer and the costosternoclavicular region is not common site, other possibility should be considered. SAPHO syndrome can be diagnosed even in the absence of dermatosis when there is an axial or appendicular osteitis and hyperostosis, especially in costosternoclavicular region. Though breast imaging specialists are not accustomed to this disease entity, awareness and diagnosis of the SAPHO syndrome can help differentiate bone metastasis.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.200-206
• /
• 2013

Purpose : To assess the effect of applying an automated heart model based measurements of left ventricle (LV) and compare with manual and semi-automated measurements at Cardiovascular MR Imaging. Materials and Methods: Sixty-two patients who underwent cardiac 1.5T MR imaging were included. Steady state free precession cine images of 20 phases per cardiac cycle were obtained in short axis views and both 2-chamber and 4-chamber views. Epicardial and endocardial contours were drawn in manual, automated, and semi-automated ways. Based on these acquired contour sets, the end-diastolic (ED) and end-systolic (ES) volumes, ejection fraction (EF), systolic volume (SV) and LV mass were calculated and compared. Results: In EDV and ESV, the differences among three measurement methods were not statistically significant (P = .399 and .145, respectively). However, in EF, SV, and LV mass, the differences were statistically significant (P=.001, <001, <001, respectively) and the measured value from automated method tend to be consistently higher than the values from other two methods. Conclusion: An automatic heart model-based method grossly overestimate EF, SV and LV mass compared with manual or semi-automated methods. Even though the method saves a considerable amount of efforts, further manual adjustment should be considered in critical clinical cases.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.126-136
• /
• 2009

Purpose: We evaluated the correlation of the anatomic parameters of the acromion those represent on the magnetic resonance image (MRI) of impingement syndrome. Materials and Methods: From June, 2004 to December, 2005, 71 cases were surgically proven to be impingement syndrome, and the anterior acromial hooking angle, the lateral acromial hooking angle (AAHA and LAHA) and the acromial hooking index (AHI: the sum of the AAHA and LAHA) were compared to 16 control cases. At the same period, 55 cases were surgically proven to be partial or full thickness rotator cuff tear, and age, gender and twelve anatomic parameters, including the acromial type, the acromial angle, the anterior covering, the acromial slope, the AAHA, the lateral acromial angle, the acromial torsional angle, the lateral acromial angulation, the LAHA, the lateral covering, the acromiohumeral distance and the AHI were assessed. Results: The AAHA and AHI were increased as impingement syndrome proceeded. The acromial type and acromial angle, and the AAHA, LAHA and AHI showed significant differences between the controls and the rotator cuff tear patients on univariant analysis. On multivariant analysis, gender was most strongly correlated with rotator cuff tear. Age, AAHA and the acromial angle showed similar correlation, respectively. Conclusion: The coronal acromial shape is correlated with rotator cuff tear, and it is important to correct the lateral acromial shape when performing acromioplasty.