• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.214-221
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• 2007

In this paper, we presents conformance test tools for the broadcast web site (BWS) service which is one of the data services for terrestrial digital multimedia broadcasting (T-DMB). First, the methodology for the conformance test is established for both transmitters and receivers of T-DMB BWS services. The test tools consist of three parts: BWS bitstream analyzer, BWS reference decoder (software) module, and BWS test bitstreams. For testing transmitted BWS bitstreams, we developed the bitstream analyzer. For testing BWS receivers, we developed the reference Ifecoder module and created the test bitstreams. Actually the bitstream analyzer developed in this paper was used for the verification of the test bitstreams. The same test bitstreams are fed to a BWS decoder module under test and the reference decoder module and the results from the two are compared for verification. The test tools can be used for the test of all the protocol and textual/image specifications related to BWS including MOT protocol, HTML, PNG, MNG, JPEG, and Ecma Script.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.265-272
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• 2009

A total of 486 milk records were collected from 16 diary farms in Imsil-gun, Jeollabuk-do. Results obtained were as follows: The average 3MG (amount of milk within the first three minute) was 7.44 kg and 55% of total milk yield was produced within 3 min. The average of SPL (% of foam in milk) was 33.93% and the average of MNG (strip yield) was 0.14 kg, which was less than 1% of total milk yield. The averages of HMF (highest milk flow), HMG (maximum milk flow rate in one minute) and DMHG (average milk flow in the main milking phase) were 3.03 kg/min, 2.94 kg/min and 2.05 kg/min, respectively and the average milking speed in Imsil-gun was slower than other regions. The average of tS500(time to reach 0.5 kg/min at beginning) was 0.23min (about 14 seconds) and that of tMGG (duration of the total milking) was 7.75min. The average tMBG (duration of the dry milking phase) was 0.58 min (35 seconds) and that of tMNG (duration of the stripping phase) was 0.42min (14 seconds). The averages of ELHMF (electrical conductivity at highest milk flow) and ELAP (beginning peak level of the electrical conductivity) were 6.81 mS/cm and 7.58 mS/cm, respectively. The average of ELMAX (maximum electrical conductivity) was 7.48 mS/cm and that of ELAD (beginning peak difference of the electrical conductivity) was 0.61 mS/cm. While the total milk yields for DMHG, tMHG (duration of the main milking phase), tPL (duration of the plateau phase), tAB (duration of the descending phase) and tMGG were positively correlated (0.35~0.54), those for tMBG and SPL were negatively correlated (-0.11 and -0.27). As the DMHG increased, tMHG, tPL, tAB, tMGG and SPL decreased. While the cows with higher electrical conductivity at the beginning of milking had less somatic cell counts, cows with higher electrical conductivity after the peak of milk yield had more somatic cell counts. The results of this experiment indicated that through milking based on milking and lactating standards and the regular checking of milking status, the qualities of milk and milk yields could be improved.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2016.06a
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• pp.375-377
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• 2016

리포터의 짧은 현장 중계를 위해 중계차와 MNG 등 기존 중계시스템을 동원하는 것은 많은 시간과 비용을 요구한다. 최근 스마트폰의 연산 능력, 카메라의 화질, 모바일 데이터 네트워크의 속도, 그리고 스마트폰과 네트워크의 안정성이 비약적으로 발전함에 따라 스마트폰을 이용한 간단한 현장 중계 방송이 가능하게 되었다. 본 논문에서는 이를 위한 스마트폰 애플리케이션, 스튜디오에 위치한 관리서버와 송수신시스템, 스마트폰 영상과 스튜디오 영상의 실시간 부/복호화 모듈, RTP를 이용한 전송 모듈 등의 개발에 대해 기술하고, 개발 중인 시스템을 KBS의 '보이는 라디오' 실시간 중계방송에 활용한 사례에 대해 소개한다.

• The Proceeding of the Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.59-67
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• 2009

본고를 통해 초고주파 이론과 공학 분야는 물론 물리학, 재료공학의 기초 학문 분야에서도 지대한 관심을 모으고 있는 Metamaterial(MTM) 구조에 대해 조명하고자 한다. 먼저 MTM의 핵심이라고 할 수 있는 Left-Handedness(LH) 왼손 전파 법칙과 LH 발생 재질인 Double Negative(DNG) 재질에서의 전파 특성을 상대 유전율과 상대 투자율 평면에서 확인하고, 일반 매질인 Double Positive(DPS)형인 오른손 전파 법칙 Right-Handedness(=RH) 매질과의 결합(Composite Right-and Left-Hnaded=CRLH)에서 얻어지는 특징들을 살펴본다. 특히 DPS와 DNC의 결합에서 얻을 수 있는 음의 공진과 0차 공진(Zero-Order Resonance)을 언급하고 ZOR을 응용한 RF 부품의 소형화와 특성 개선사례를 소개한다. 또한, 안테나와 전자파 산란 특성에 MTM의 특수한 성질을 이용하여, 크기를 줄이거나 표면파를 억제하거나 혹은 방사 개구를 확대 또는 렌즈 특성을 얻어낸 사례도 언급된다 그리고 LH 특성은 아니지만 MTM 계열인 ENG(Epsilon Negative), MNG(Mu Negative), ENZ(Epsilon Near Zero)를 응용한 예들을 보이고, MTM 관점에서 FSS(Frequency Selective Surface )의 특성을 논의하고, 그간에 발표된 대표적 MTM 연구 결과에 대한 소개를 마치고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.75-77
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• 2006

In this paper, the technology of the conformance test for Broadcast Web Site Service (BWS) which is one of the data services of the T-DMB (Terrestrial Digital Multimedia Broadcasting) is proposed. First, the standard of the BWS Service is introduced and then the method of the conformance test of BWS bitstream and BWS receiver module is provided. A BWS bitstream analyzer is implemented for use in verifying the transmitted BWS bitstreams. To provide a means for the receiver manufactures to verify their own BWS receiver modules, a receiver test suite is developed including BWS test bitstreams and a BWS reference receiver module. The BWS bitstream analyzer includes the analysis function for the conformance test of MOT protocol, HTML, PNG, MNG, JPEG, and Ecma Script. Also, it was actually used for verifying the BWS test bitstreams. In the course of developing a HWS receiver module, 4he BWS receiver module under test can be verified by comparing the results of the BWS reference receiver module with those of the receiver module under test. when the same BWS test bitstreams are fed into the two receiver modules.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• fall
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• pp.273-276
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• 2021

기존의 중계 시스템은 유선 기반으로 방송 중계차와 케이블 등이 필요하여 시간과 비용, 장소의 제약과 같은 여러 한계점을 가지고 있었다. 하지만 무선 중계 기술의 발전으로 무선 카메라만 있으면 긴급재난 현장이나 중계차가 들어갈 수 없는 지역에서도 중계가 가능하게 되면서 중계방송의 제한 범위가 좁아지고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 시간과 장소의 제약 없이 방송을 송출할 수 있는 5G 무선 중계 시스템을 분석한다. 분석한 시스템은 5G 모뎀이 장착된 MNG 장비를 이용해 UHD와 4K 신호를 무선으로 처리하여 초저지연·초고화질로 송출한다. 또한 현존하는 멀티뷰 기술을 접목시켜 시청자들이 원하는 서비스를 제공한다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.69-77
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• 2014

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of clothianidin on the soil in terms of clothianidin dissipation and degradation to evaluate its safety in order to provide an analytical foundation for clothianidin and the 5 metabolites related to it. METHODS AND RESULTS: High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was used to separate clothianidin and its metabolites in this study. In soil, after suppressing dissociation-proned ions with weak alkalic $NH_4OH$ and extracting the metabolites with methanol, clothianidin, Methylaminoimidazole(MAI), Methylnitroguanidine(MNG), Thiazolylmethylurea(TZMU) and Thiazolylnitroguanidine(TZNG). Thiazolylmethylguanidine(TMG) were extracted with the addition of neutral $NH_4OAC$ to increasing the intensity of ions. Compounding elements were separated by using Hydrometrix ($ChemElut^{TM}$) and ion-exchanging Solid-phase extraction(SPE) Strong cation-exchanger(SCX) and C18 were used. The recovery rates of clothianidin and 5 metabolites in soil and water ranged from 87.4% to 104.3%. A standard deviation of our analysis for the soil and water samples were less than 5%. CONCLUSION: Well accepted detection limits for clothianidin and 5 metabolites in soil samples based on a dissipation analysis is 0.005 mg/kg and 0.001 mg/L in water samples. The dissipation concentration of this study was decided to be enough to evaluate the dissipation levels of clothianidin and its metabolites.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.377-380
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• 2016

Background: Epidemiological data on thyroid cancer and associated risk factors are scarce in our setting. The present study was therefore designed to gather data which could be helpful in providing insights to thyroid physicians and surgeons for better management of affected patients. Purpose: To determine the frequency of carcinoma thyroid among patients presenting with goiter and its association with TSH, Tg/ATg and other demographic factors. Materials and Methods: A total of 73 adult patients of either gender with solitary solid cold nodules and/or multi-ndoular goiter (MNG) with predominant solid cold nodules were enrolled. All surgically resected samples were sent for histopathology. The frequency of thyroid cancer and its subtypes was noted and tested for association with gender, age (< or ${\geq}40years$), recent increase in swelling size, TSH, Tg and ATg. Results: Thyroid cancer was diagnosed in 26% (n=19) of the patients, 14 (73.7%) being diagnosed with papillary thyroid cancer and 5 (26.3%) with follicular thyroid cancer. No other subtypes were noted. Presence of thyroid cancer was significantly associated with recent increase in swelling size and higher TSH Values mean TSH values (P<0.05). No significant association was found with gender, age, Tg and ATg values (P>0.05). Conclusions: Overall percentage of thyroid cancer in our study sample was found to be 26%, with a predominance of papillary over follicular lesions. Rates were significantly higher in patients who had history of recent increase in swelling size and higher and higher pre-surgery TSH values.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.350-357
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• 2016

In this paper, a small mu-zero zeroth order resonance(ZOR) antenna based on meta structure is proposed using parasitic patch at 5.8 GHz. The mu-zero ZOR antenna is designed by utilizing the resonance of series inductance and capacitance of mu-negative transmission line and its size can be further reduced by a simple parasitic patch. The parasitic patch can increase series capacitance of mu-negative transmission line related to a resonant frequency. We have simulated and optimized dimension of the parasitic patch using Ansys commercial simulator(HFSS). As a result, the antenna has the following characteristics: kr of 0.59, efficiency of 92 %, and gain of 6.57 dBi. Also, its size is reduced by 24 % compared to a conventional mu-zero ZOR antenna. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated results.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.290-297
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• 2014

BACKGROUND: The current study purposed to analyse the dissipation levels of a neonicotinoid insecticide and clothianidin in paddy and upland soils and clarify the effects of soil moisture on degradation and persistence of the insecticide. METHODS AND RESULTS: In order to achieve the research purposes, clothianidin 8% SG was applied to the paddy and upland fields at the rate of 0.024 kg a.i./10a, while the analytical standard was treated at 0.25 mg/kg soil under laboratory conditions. Based on the multiple first-order kinetics, total clothianidin in soils was dissipated with $DT_{50}$ of 6.7-16.1 and 6.9-8.2 days in the paddy and upland fields, respectively, whereas the figures under the laboratory condition became larger showing 56.3 and 19.6 days. CONCLUSION: As affected by soil moisture, some differences in degradative pathways were observed. Flooding of soil caused evidently demethylation and delayed cyclization of a major metabolite, thiazolylmethylguanidine (TMG) and methylaminoimidazole(MAI), compared to the aerobic upland condition. More than 80% and 50% of the parent compound was dissipated by the 24th day after the final application in both soils and, transformation products had constituted most of soil residues after that.